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This book collects six papers published in the Agronomy Special Issue "New Advances on Nutrients Recovery from Agro-Industrial and Livestock Wastes for Sustainable Farming" that aim to furnish new information on nutrients recovery from organic wastes.

Capsicum annuun L. --- compost tea --- bio-stimulant --- plant nutrients --- biocontrol --- pathogens --- wastewater --- rice straw --- cow manure --- Eisenia fetida --- biological parameters --- vermicomposting --- waste management --- germination --- microbial community --- organic fertilization --- wheat --- potatoes --- legume-cereal mix --- corn --- yield --- organic waste --- manure --- nematode community --- 16S --- bacterial community --- biological treatments --- biomass --- nutrients recovery --- recycle --- waste treatment --- n/a

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Cyanobacteria are a group of ubiquitous photosynthetic prokaryotes. Their occurrence has been increasing worldwide, due to anthropogenic activities and climate change. Several cyanobacterial species are able to synthesize a high number of bioactive molecules, among them, cyanotoxins (microcystins, cylindrospermopsin, nodularin, etc.), which are considered a health concern. For risk assessment of cyanotoxins, more scientific knowledge is required to perform adequate hazard characterization, exposure evaluation and, finally, risk characterization of these toxins. This Special Issue “Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins: New Advances and Future Challenges” presents new research or review articles related to different aspects of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, and contributes to providing new toxicological data and methods for a more realistic risk assessment.

method validation --- sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) --- arctic --- Cylindrospermopsin --- Microcystin-LR --- 16S rRNA gene --- astaxanthin --- secondary metabolites --- shotgun metagenomic sequencing --- time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay --- Histopathological evaluation --- cyanobacterial thresholds --- akinetes --- nutrient enrichment --- benthic mats --- cylindrospermopsin --- drinking water treatment plant --- blue-green algae supplements --- lettuce --- genotoxicity --- exposure --- bacterial community --- PCR --- microcystin-LR --- marine natural compounds --- ELISA --- [d-Leu1]Microcystin-LR --- Paracentrotus lividus --- tadpoles --- apoptosis --- 16S rRNA gene sequencing --- PSP toxins --- marine cyanobacteria --- hemolytic essay --- energy budget --- bioassays --- anatoxin-a --- Lithobates catesbeianus --- mixture --- reproductive toxicity --- cyanobacteria --- taste-and-odor compounds --- Procambarus clarkii --- drinking water --- saxitoxin --- resveratrol --- harmful algal blooms --- cytotoxicity --- phylogenetic analyses --- Yangtze estuary --- microcystin --- mutagenicity --- detection --- Artemia salina --- water source --- cyanotoxins --- microcystins --- in vitro --- marine sponges --- microcystin-LR (MC-LR) --- UPLC-MS/MS --- reservoir --- microbial metabolisms --- Aphanizomenon flos-aquae --- monoclonal antibody --- oxidative stress --- Nostocales

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Oral, periodontal diseases, chewing disorders, and many destructive inflammatory diseases of the supporting tissues of the teeth are caused by an imbalance between the host defense and environmental factors like bacteria, smoking, and poor nutrition. For these reasons, the focus should not only be on plaque control and removal of bacteria but also on improving host resistance through smoking abstention, stress reduction, and a healthy diet. The importance of micronutrients has been extensively reviewed, and it was concluded that prevention and treatment of periodontitis daily nutrition should include sufficient antioxidants, probiotics, natural agents, vitamin D, and calcium. Regarding antioxidants, vitamin C has attracted the attention of periodontal researchers. To date, there is limited available research investigating the effect of diet supplementation on the oral and periodontal condition.

periodontitis --- Pelargonium sidoides DC root extract --- proanthocyanidins --- bacteriotoxicity --- inflammatory cytokines --- gene expression --- fibroblasts --- macrophages --- leukocytes --- vitamin C --- retinol --- α-carotene --- β-carotene --- β-cryptoxanthin --- γ-tocopherol --- lutein --- zeaxanthin --- lycopene --- ischemic heart disease --- C-reactive protein --- cardiovascular disease --- clinical trial --- dietary supplements --- dental implants --- osseointegration --- vitamin D --- magnesium --- resveratrol --- ascorbic acid --- zinc --- calcium --- bone --- diabetes mellitus --- periodontal disease --- natural agents --- gingivitis --- antioxidants --- vitamins --- oolong tea --- phenolic profile --- salivary microbiota --- 16S rRNA sequencing --- bacterial diversities --- correlation network --- oral diseases --- diet --- nutrients --- nutraceutics --- therapy --- host response

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Two review papers, eight research articles, and one brief report were published in this Special Issue. They showed the rich resources that are present within the genomes of marine microorganisms and discussed the use of recently developed tools and technologies to exploit this genetic richness. Examples include the rational supply of precursors according to the relevant biosynthetic pathway and stress driven discovery together with the use of histone deacetylase inhibitors to facilitate the discovery of new bioactive molecules with potential biopharmaceutical applications. We believe that the content of this Special Issue reflects the current state-of-the-art research in this area and highlights the interesting strategies that are being employed to uncover increasing numbers of exciting novel compounds for drug discovery from marine genetic resources.

antibacterial activity --- polyketide synthase --- halo-extremophyles --- antibacterial --- gene cluster --- Penicillium chrysogenum --- bacillomycin --- secondary metabolites --- drug discovery --- biosynthesis --- polycyclic tetramate macrolactams --- actinobacteria --- biosynthetic gene clusters --- phylotype --- comparative genomics --- IclR family regulator --- polyketide antibiotics --- antifungal --- fatty acid amide --- Antarctica --- marine microorganisms --- NdgRyo --- nonribosomal peptides --- Marisediminicola --- genome mining --- antimicrobial --- sponge --- Stachybotrys --- carotenoid --- marine --- archaea --- haloenzymes --- natural products --- Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 40010 --- 16S rRNA metagenomics --- ecotype --- medicinal chemistry --- cytotoxicity --- marine natural products (MNPs) --- Streptomyces --- marine Bacillus --- antimicrobial activity --- amino compound --- bacillibactin --- meroterpenoid --- fibrinolytic activity --- metal stress technique --- isoindolinone biosynthesis --- Streptomyces pratensis --- histone-deacetylase inhibitor --- marine natural product --- Odiel marshlands

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Agricultural practices involving the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides pose major risks to the environment and to human health. The development and adoption of sustainable ecofriendly agricultural management to preserve and enhance the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils and improve agroecosystem functions is a challenge for both scientists and farmers. The Special Issue entitled “Sustainable Agricultural Practices—Impact on Soil Quality and Plant Health” is a collection of 10 original contributions addressing the state of the art of sustainable agriculture and its positive impact on soil quality. The content of this Special Issue covers a wide range of topics, including the use of beneficial soil microbes, intercropping, organic farming and its effects on soil bacteria and nutrient stocks, application of plant-based nematicides and zeolite amendments, sustainability in CH4 emissions, and the effect of irrigation, fertilization, and environmental conditions as well as land suitability on crop production.

Research & information: general --- natural substances --- nematicidal --- root-knot nematodes --- oregano --- soil amendments --- basic substances --- PCA --- land capability --- crop suitability --- GIS --- NWCE --- Egypt --- microbial inoculants --- soil enzyme activities --- soil microbes --- 16S rRNA --- planting pattern --- soil chemical properties --- soil microbial community --- genotype × environment interaction --- maize --- yield --- soil amelioration --- resource use efficiency --- water conservation --- nutrient retention --- heavy metal toxicity --- Cucumis melo L. --- chemical composition --- cultivar --- drip irrigation --- fruit quality --- long term field experiment --- sustainable crop production --- nutrient balances --- legume nutrition --- drained peat --- greenhouse gas --- global warming --- organic soil --- pineapple --- water table --- AMF --- enzyme activity --- microbial communities --- PGPR --- plant growth --- PLFAs --- n/a