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Warum werden Menschen kriminell? Welche Ursachen lassen sich für delinquentes Verhalten finden? Solche Fragen beschäftigen Experten genauso wie die breitere Öffentlichkeit - und beide stehen in größerem Ideen-Austausch, als man zunächst meinen könnte. Sabine Freitag nähert sich Orten der Wissensproduktion über die Ursachen von Kriminalität ebenso wie zivilgesellschaftlichen Räumen, in denen die Thesen der Experten diskutiert wurden. Über die gesellschaftliche Annahme oder Ablehnung bestimmter wissenschaftlicher Deutungsangebote entschied nicht zuletzt ihre Kompatibilität mit vorherrschenden Werten, Normen und Selbstbildern. Nur auf dieser Grundlage konnte sich beispielsweise der angestrebte Strafzweck säkularisieren und verwissenschaftlichen: weg von einer moralischen Besserung der sündigen Seele hin zur nüchterneren Absicht, sozialverträgliche, kompetente Bürger herzustellen.
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Presenting a survey of how the legal process in the US has changed over two centuries, this text calculates the social cost of a prevailing quest for efficiency that has seen both courts and corrections removed from public control & placed in the hands of professionals.
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'Doing Justice, Preventing Crime' lays normative and empirical foundations for building new, more just, and more effective systems of sentencing and punishment in the 21st century. The overriding goals are to prevent crime while treating people convicted of crimes justly, fairly, and even-handedly; to take sympathetic account of the circumstances of peoples' lives; and to punish no one more severely than he or she deserves. Michael Tonry discusses philosophy and punishment theory, surveys what is known about the deterrent, incapacitative, and rehabilitative effects of punishment, and explains what needs to be done to move from an ignoble present to a better future.
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The focus of this book is the potentially radical and fundamental changes that are taking place within criminal justice in Britain and in France and the ways that these are driven by wider domestic, European, or international concerns. This metamorphosis away from established values and practices is eroding what were once regarded as core rights and freedoms in the name of efficiency, security, and justice to victims. Beginning with a comparative analysis of adversarial and inquisitorial procedural values and traditions, and an examination of broad trends in domestic and European criminal justice, the book then discusses how the roles of prosecution and defense have been reshaped in different ways in both jurisdictions - both in the text of the law and in their practices.
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This book offers an accessible and scholarly introduction to comparative criminal justice, examining the ways different countries and jurisdictions deal with its main stages, from policing, to systems of trial, to sentencing, to punishment.
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