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Polemology --- Biosecurity --- Intelligence service --- National security --- Terrorism --- Anti-terrorism --- Antiterrorism --- Counter-terrorism --- Counterterrorism --- National security policy --- NSP (National security policy) --- Security policy, National --- Economic policy --- International relations --- Military policy --- Counter intelligence --- Counterespionage --- Counterintelligence --- Intelligence community --- Secret police (Intelligence service) --- Public administration --- Research --- Disinformation --- Secret service --- Human security --- Biological weapons --- Communicable diseases --- Public health --- Prevention --- Government policy --- Safety measures
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We examine industrial output in Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, and Romania during 1989–95 in terms of pretransitional product trade orientation. The growth of EU-oriented output within sectors of industry, ex-post trade, and market liberalization, is modeled as foreign direct investment induced Schumpeterian (vertical) waves of product innovation. The growth of non-EU-oriented output within sectors is modeled as unobservable deterministic heterogeneity. The results indicate that the gap observed in industrial output performance when comparing Eastern European to former Soviet countries is mainly explained by the inherited presence of EU-oriented production and its unconstrained growth over the transition period.
Exports and Imports --- Macroeconomics --- Industries: General --- Economic Growth of Open Economies --- Technological Change: Choices and Consequences --- Diffusion Processes --- Socialist Systems and Transitional Economies: Factor and Product Markets --- Industry Studies --- Population --- Trade: General --- International Investment --- Long-term Capital Movements --- Industrial Organization: General --- Trade Policy --- International Trade Organizations --- Macroeconomics: Production --- International economics --- Finance --- Exports --- Foreign direct investment --- Industrial sector --- Trade liberalization --- Production growth --- International trade --- Balance of payments --- Economic sectors --- Production --- Investments, Foreign --- Industries --- Commercial policy --- Economic theory --- Bulgaria
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Historiography --- Livy. --- Rome --- Historiography.
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Geschiedschrijving. --- Historiography --- Historiography. --- Livy. --- Livy --- Criticism and interpretation. --- Ab urbe condita (Livy). --- Rome (Empire). --- Rome
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Fiscal policy --- State, The. --- Fiscal policy. --- Military policy. --- History --- 1600-1799. --- Great Britain --- Great Britain.
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This book examines the politics of taxation in Ireland between the seventeenth and twenty-first centuries. Combining political, economic, and policy history, it contributes to a growing interdisciplinary literature on public finance, while also providing context for the ongoing debate on taxation and austerity in post-Celtic Tiger Ireland. Taxation, Politics, and Protest in Ireland illuminates a neglected aspect of Irish history, and will be of interest to scholars, policymakers, and members of the public who wish to understand a subject that is central to the modern Irish experience.
Labour economics --- Finance --- Economic policy and planning (general) --- Accountancy --- Financial management --- financieel management --- kostenberekening --- management accounting --- economische politiek --- sociale interventies
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This book explores how potential bio-threats and risks may evolve post 9/11 given the rapid changes in biotechnology and synthetic biology. It also explores what role intelligence communities can play in understanding threats and risks. It argues that although bio-threats and risks are largely low probability and high impact in nature, intelligence in ‘Five Eyes’ countries remain insufficiently prepared to understand them. This book identifies key areas where intelligence reforms need to take place including a more strategic and systematic collaboration between national security/law enforcement intelligence and the scientific community. It is aimed at intelligence analysts, those in the scientific community working on health security threats, policy makers and researchers working on biosecurity and bioterrorism threats and risks.
Social problems --- Criminology. Victimology --- Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- Law --- Infectious diseases. Communicable diseases --- popularisering wetenschap --- veiligheid (mensen) --- recht --- besmettelijke ziekten --- criminologie --- biotechnologie --- criminaliteit --- politie --- terrorisme --- Law. --- Terrorism. --- Political violence. --- Public safety. --- Police. --- Security, International. --- Infectious diseases. --- Popular Science in Law. --- Terrorism and Political Violence. --- Crime Control and Security. --- Policing. --- International Security Studies. --- Infectious Diseases.
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