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This book provides a concise and up-to-date overview of the biological features justifying the use of different human mucosa as delivery routes for biopharmaceuticals as well as the technological strategies that have been followed so far regarding the optimization of mucosal potentialities. The book also addresses the challenges that arise with the advent of new biopharmaceutical drugs and alternative means of administration. After a brief introduction, the first section addresses general aspects of the biology of mucosal tissues and their unique aspects towards beneficial or deleterious interactions with biopharmaceuticals and delivery systems. The second part is dedicated to the different delivery strategies that have recently been investigated for different mucosal sites. The third section describes the development and clinical applications, either factual or potential, of particular pharmaceutical delivery systems and products enclosing biopharmaceuticals for mucosal delivery. Special focus is set on the most successful case studies of recent years by field experts or those engaged in developing such solutions in a concise and practical way. The last section briefly centers on pertinent aspects about the regulatory, toxicological and market issues of mucosal delivery of biopharmaceuticals.   José das Neves is a researcher at Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde-Norte, CESPU, Gandra, and in the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal, where he earned a Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical Sciences. His previous work has spanned multiple aspects of the development of vaginal drug delivery systems, and his current research interests include the development of nanotechnology-based solutions for the development of anti-HIV microbicides and mucosal delivery of biopharmaceuticals.   Bruno Sarmento is an affiliated researcher at INEB – Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, Portugal. He is also an assistant professor of pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical technology at Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde-Norte, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal. He earned a Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical Technology at the University of Porto. He has extensive work in the development of nanocarriers for the oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals—namely insulin—and the establishment of novel in vitro intestinal permeability models. His current research focuses on nanomedicines and their applications in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields.

Biomedicine. --- Biopharmaceutics. --- Medicine. --- Pharmaceutical technology. --- Pharmacology. --- Toxicology. --- Drug delivery systems --- Mucous membrane --- Biopharmaceutics --- Membranes --- Immunity --- Drug Administration Routes --- Pharmacology --- Investigative Techniques --- Drug Therapy --- Metabolic Phenomena --- Health Occupations --- Immune System Phenomena --- Tissues --- Phenomena and Processes --- Biological Science Disciplines --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Therapeutics --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Anatomy --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Drug Delivery Systems --- Methods --- Administration, Mucosal --- Immunity, Mucosal --- Metabolism --- Mucous Membrane --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Pharmacy, Therapeutics, & Pharmacology --- Drugs --- Biological transport. --- Drug delivery systems. --- Physiological transport. --- Methodology. --- Delivery systems, Drug --- Drug administration technology --- Drug delivery technology --- Membrane transport --- Passive transport, Biological --- Physiological transport --- Transport, Biological --- Medicaments --- Medications --- Medicine (Drugs) --- Medicines (Drugs) --- Pharmaceuticals --- Prescription drugs --- Delivery systems --- Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology. --- Pharmacology/Toxicology. --- Pharmaceutical technology --- Diffusion --- Osmosis --- Pharmacy --- Bioactive compounds --- Medical supplies --- Pharmacopoeias --- Chemotherapy --- Materia medica --- Chemicals --- Medicine --- Poisoning --- Poisons --- Pharmaceutical laboratory techniques --- Pharmaceutical laboratory technology --- Technology, Pharmaceutical --- Technology --- Toxicology --- Drug effects --- Medical pharmacology --- Medical sciences --- Physiological effect

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This book provides a concise and up-to-date overview of the biological features justifying the use of different human mucosa as delivery routes for biopharmaceuticals as well as the technological strategies that have been followed so far regarding the optimization of mucosal potentialities. The book also addresses the challenges that arise with the advent of new biopharmaceutical drugs and alternative means of administration. After a brief introduction, the first section addresses general aspects of the biology of mucosal tissues and their unique aspects towards beneficial or deleterious interactions with biopharmaceuticals and delivery systems. The second part is dedicated to the different delivery strategies that have recently been investigated for different mucosal sites. The third section describes the development and clinical applications, either factual or potential, of particular pharmaceutical delivery systems and products enclosing biopharmaceuticals for mucosal delivery. Special focus is set on the most successful case studies of recent years by field experts or those engaged in developing such solutions in a concise and practical way. The last section briefly centers on pertinent aspects about the regulatory, toxicological and market issues of mucosal delivery of biopharmaceuticals.   José das Neves is a researcher at Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde-Norte, CESPU, Gandra, and in the Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Portugal, where he earned a Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical Sciences. His previous work has spanned multiple aspects of the development of vaginal drug delivery systems, and his current research interests include the development of nanotechnology-based solutions for the development of anti-HIV microbicides and mucosal delivery of biopharmaceuticals.   Bruno Sarmento is an affiliated researcher at INEB – Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, Portugal. He is also an assistant professor of pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical technology at Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde-Norte, CESPU, Gandra, Portugal. He earned a Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical Technology at the University of Porto. He has extensive work in the development of nanocarriers for the oral delivery of biopharmaceuticals—namely insulin—and the establishment of novel in vitro intestinal permeability models. His current research focuses on nanomedicines and their applications in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields.

Toxicology --- Pharmacology. Therapy --- Pathological biochemistry --- Human medicine --- klinische chemie --- medische biochemie --- farmacologie --- biogeneesmiddelen --- biochemie --- biomedische wetenschappen --- multimedia --- toxicologie

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This Special Issue focuses on recycled materials to promote pavement sustainability. It covers the use of construction and demolition waste (reclaimed asphalt pavement, recycled concrete aggregate and glass) and industrial waste (plastic and slag). The application of recycled materials concerns bituminous mixtures, concrete mixtures, and non-traditional interlocking blocks or cobbles.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Transport technology & trades --- LCA --- road pavement management --- RAP --- multi-recycling --- circular economy --- sustainability --- electric–electronic waste --- interlock floor --- mechanical resistance --- polymers recycling --- materials --- recycling --- plastics --- cobbles --- lightweight traffic --- pedestrian traffic --- concrete additive --- concrete mixture --- plastic waste --- HDPE --- plastic lamellar particles --- self-compacting concrete (SCC) --- high-performance concrete (HPC) --- recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) --- natural aggregate (NA) --- ageing --- bituminous mixture --- mechanical behaviour --- rejuvenator --- hydraulic mortars --- waste materials --- pozzolanic aggregates --- recycled glass --- marble slurry --- tin slag --- mortar --- compressive strength --- fine aggregate --- rough surfaced --- elongated --- concrete --- costs --- carbon footprint --- carbon price --- asphalt --- waste plastic --- visco-elastic properties --- Marshall stability --- rutting resistance --- environmental impact --- n/a --- electric-electronic waste

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This Special Issue focuses on recycled materials to promote pavement sustainability. It covers the use of construction and demolition waste (reclaimed asphalt pavement, recycled concrete aggregate and glass) and industrial waste (plastic and slag). The application of recycled materials concerns bituminous mixtures, concrete mixtures, and non-traditional interlocking blocks or cobbles.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Transport technology & trades --- LCA --- road pavement management --- RAP --- multi-recycling --- circular economy --- sustainability --- electric-electronic waste --- interlock floor --- mechanical resistance --- polymers recycling --- materials --- recycling --- plastics --- cobbles --- lightweight traffic --- pedestrian traffic --- concrete additive --- concrete mixture --- plastic waste --- HDPE --- plastic lamellar particles --- self-compacting concrete (SCC) --- high-performance concrete (HPC) --- recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) --- natural aggregate (NA) --- ageing --- bituminous mixture --- mechanical behaviour --- rejuvenator --- hydraulic mortars --- waste materials --- pozzolanic aggregates --- recycled glass --- marble slurry --- tin slag --- mortar --- compressive strength --- fine aggregate --- rough surfaced --- elongated --- concrete --- costs --- carbon footprint --- carbon price --- asphalt --- waste plastic --- visco-elastic properties --- Marshall stability --- rutting resistance --- environmental impact

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The book presents a compilation of studies regarding applied geomechanics, mining, and excavation analysis and simulation. The material is suitable for presentation to senior undergraduate and post-graduate students in both mining and geological engineering. It should also be of interest to students of other aspects of Geomechanics and, notably, engineering geologists interested in mining and underground excavation design. Practising mining engineers and rock mechanics engineers involved in mine design may use the book profitably to obtain an appreciation of the current state of engineering knowledge in their area of specialisation. Papers were selected from the 5th GeoChina International Conference on Civil Infrastructures Confronting Severe Weathers and Climate Changes: From Failure to Sustainability, held in July 23-25, 2018 in Hang Zhou, China.

Geotechnical engineering --- Civil engineering --- Sustainable engineering --- Environmental aspects --- Hydraulic engineering. --- Computer simulation. --- Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences. --- Geoengineering, Foundations, Hydraulics. --- Simulation and Modeling. --- Computer modeling --- Computer models --- Modeling, Computer --- Models, Computer --- Simulation, Computer --- Electromechanical analogies --- Mathematical models --- Simulation methods --- Model-integrated computing --- Engineering, Hydraulic --- Engineering --- Fluid mechanics --- Hydraulics --- Shore protection --- Geotechnical engineering. --- Engineering geology. --- Engineering—Geology. --- Foundations. --- Hydraulics. --- Flow of water --- Water --- Hydraulic engineering --- Jets --- Architecture --- Building --- Structural engineering --- Underground construction --- Caissons --- Earthwork --- Masonry --- Soil consolidation --- Soil mechanics --- Walls --- Geology, Economic --- Engineering, Geotechnical --- Geotechnics --- Geotechnology --- Engineering geology --- Flow --- Distribution --- Details --- Geology