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Nearly everyone knows K-means algorithm in the fields of data mining and business intelligence. But the ever-emerging data with extremely complicated characteristics bring new challenges to this "old" algorithm. This book addresses these challenges and makes novel contributions in establishing theoretical frameworks for K-means distances and K-means based consensus clustering, identifying the "dangerous" uniform effect and zero-value dilemma of K-means, adapting right measures for cluster validity, and integrating K-means with SVMs for rare class analysis. This book not only enriches the clustering and optimization theories, but also provides good guidance for the practical use of K-means, especially for important tasks such as network intrusion detection and credit fraud prediction. The thesis on which this book is based has won the "2010 National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Award", the highest honor for not more than 100 PhD theses per year in China.

Artificial intelligence -- Congresses. --- Electronic data processing -- Distributed processing -- Congresses. --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Computer Science --- Data mining. --- Cluster analysis. --- Algorithmic knowledge discovery --- Factual data analysis --- KDD (Information retrieval) --- Knowledge discovery in data --- Knowledge discovery in databases --- Mining, Data --- Computer science. --- Information technology. --- Business --- Database management. --- Statistics. --- Computer Science. --- Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. --- Statistics for Business/Economics/Mathematical Finance/Insurance. --- IT in Business. --- Database Management. --- Data processing. --- Database searching --- Correlation (Statistics) --- Multivariate analysis --- Spatial analysis (Statistics) --- Statistics for Business, Management, Economics, Finance, Insurance. --- IT (Information technology) --- Technology --- Telematics --- Information superhighway --- Knowledge management --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Statistical science --- Mathematics --- Econometrics --- Data base management --- Data services (Database management) --- Database management services --- DBMS (Computer science) --- Generalized data management systems --- Services, Database management --- Systems, Database management --- Systems, Generalized database management --- Electronic data processing --- Statistics . --- Business—Data processing.

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference on Advanced Computer Architecture, ACA 2016, held in Weihai, China, in August 2016. The 17 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 89 submissions. The papers address issues such as processors and circuits; high performance computing; GPUs and accelerators; cloud and data centers; energy and reliability; intelligence computing and mobile computing.

Computer science. --- Computer software --- Microprocessors. --- Computer system failures. --- Architecture, Computer. --- Computer Science. --- Processor Architectures. --- Performance and Reliability. --- Computer System Implementation. --- System Performance and Evaluation. --- Reusability. --- Architecture, Computer --- Computer failures --- Computer malfunctions --- Computer systems --- Failure of computer systems --- Reusability of software --- Reusable code (Computer programs) --- Software reusability --- Informatics --- Failures --- Operating systems (Computers). --- Computer network architectures. --- Computer system performance. --- Architectures, Computer network --- Network architectures, Computer --- Computer architecture --- Computer operating systems --- Computers --- Disk operating systems --- Systems software --- Science --- Operating systems --- Computer software—Reusability. --- System failures (Engineering) --- Fault-tolerant computing --- Minicomputers

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th Annual Conference on Advanced Computer Architecture, ACA 2016, held in Weihai, China, in August 2016. The 17 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 89 submissions. The papers address issues such as processors and circuits; high performance computing; GPUs and accelerators; cloud and data centers; energy and reliability; intelligence computing and mobile computing.

Electronics --- Production management --- Computer science --- Programming --- Computer architecture. Operating systems --- betrouwbaarheid --- microprocessoren --- bedrijfssoftware --- cloud computing --- computers --- informatica --- computerbesturingssystemen --- programmeren (informatica) --- computerkunde --- architectuur (informatica)

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"What do economists know about land--and how they know? The Oxford Handbook of Land Economics describes the latest developments in the fields of economics that examine land, including natural resource economics, environmental economics, regional science, and urban economics. The handbook argues, first, that land is a theme that integrates these fields and second, that productive integration increasingly occurs not just within economics but also across disciplines. Greater recognition and integration stimulates cross-fertilization among the fields of land economics research. By providing a comprehensive survey of land-related work in several economics fields, this handbook provides the basic tools needed for economists to redefine the scope and focus of their work to better incorporate the contemporary thinking from other fields and to push out the frontiers of land economics. The first section presents recent advances in the analysis of major drivers of land use change, focusing on economic development and various land-use markets. The second section presents economic research on the environmental and socio-economic impacts of land use and land use change. The third section addresses six cutting-edge approaches for land economics research, including spatial econometric, simulation, and experimental methods. The section also includes a synthetic chapter critically reviewing methodological advances. The fourth section covers policy issues. Four chapters disentangle the economics of land conservation and preservation, while three chapters examine the economic analysis of the legal institutions of land use. These chapters focus on law and economic problems of permissible government control of land in the U.S. context"--Provided by publisher.

Land use. --- Economic development. --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Land --- Land utilization --- Use of land --- Utilization of land --- Land cover --- Landscape assessment --- NIMBY syndrome --- E-books --- Land use --- Economic development

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Ensenyament de la llengua --- Llenguatge i llengües --- Innovacions tecnològiques --- Àsia --- Canvi tecnològic --- Canvis tecnològics --- Innovacions industrials --- Innovacions tècniques --- Noves tecnologies --- Progrès tecnològic --- Invents --- Gestió de la innovació --- Innovacions agrícoles --- Efecte de les innovacions tecnològiques sobre el personal --- Gestió de la tecnologia --- Maquinària en la indústria --- Recerca industrial --- Transferència de tecnologia --- Llengües --- Llengües i llenguatge --- Antropologia --- Filologia --- Comunicació escrita --- Conversa --- Elocució --- Escriptura --- Espai i temps en el llenguatge --- Lingüística --- Llengua d'ensenyament --- Llengua materna --- Llenguatge de les flors --- Llenguatge de signes --- Llenguatge infantil --- Llengües indígenes d'Amèrica --- Llengües modernes --- Multilingüisme --- Oratòria --- Sociolingüística --- Traducció --- Veu --- Comunicació --- Didàctica de la llengua --- Gramàtica --- Llenguatge a Internet --- Origen del llenguatge --- Ensenyament --- Ensenyament de llengües estrangeres --- Estats i territoris --- Euràsia --- Àsia central --- Eufrates (Àsia : Curs d'aigua) --- Eufrates (Àsia : Vall) --- Himàlaia (Àsia : Serralada) --- Jònia (Regió) --- Orient --- Tigris (Àsia : Curs d'aigua) --- Language and languages --- Study and teaching --- Foreign languages --- Languages --- Anthropology --- Communication --- Ethnology --- Information theory --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Philology --- Linguistics --- Jònia (Turquia i Grècia)