Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

History --- Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) --- Genocide --- Arts and Humanities --- Business, Economy and Management --- Law --- Social Sciences --- Human Rights, Women's Studies & Child Welfare --- Literature --- Religion --- Economics --- General and Others --- Periodicals

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Gays --- Nazi persecution. --- Gay men

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Forced labor was a key feature of Nazi anti-Jewish policy and shaped the daily life of almost every Jewish family in occupied Europe. This book systematically describes the implementation of forced labor for Jews in Germany, Austria, the Protectorate, and the various occupied Polish territories. As early as the end of 1938, compulsory labor for Jews had been introduced in Germany and annexed Austria by the labor administration. Similar programs subsequently were established by civil administrations in the German-occupied Czech and Polish territories. At its maximum extent, more than one million Jewish men and women toiled for private companies and public builders, many of them in hundreds of now often-forgotten special labor camps. This study refutes the widespread thesis that compulsory work was organized only by the SS, and that exploitation was only an intermediate tactic on the way to mass murder or, rather, that it was only a facet in the destruction of the Jews.

History of Germany and Austria --- anno 1940-1949 --- Forced labor --- Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945). --- Jews --- History --- Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) --- Catastrophe, Jewish (1939-1945) --- Destruction of the Jews (1939-1945) --- Extermination, Jewish (1939-1945) --- Holocaust, Nazi --- Ḥurban (1939-1945) --- Ḥurbn (1939-1945) --- Jewish Catastrophe (1939-1945) --- Jewish Holocaust (1939-1945) --- Nazi Holocaust --- Nazi persecution of Jews --- Shoʾah (1939-1945) --- Genocide --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Kindertransports (Rescue operations) --- Compulsory labor --- Conscript labor --- Labor, Compulsory --- Labor, Forced --- Employees --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- Judaism --- Nazi persecution --- Persecutions --- Atrocities --- Jewish resistance --- Holocaust, Nazi (Jewish Holocaust) --- Nazi Holocaust (Jewish Holocaust) --- Nazi persecution (1939-1945) --- Arts and Humanities

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Why did some of the most brilliant - but often forgotten - Jewish émigre writers of the first half of the twentieth century choose to write in French as a second language, even as they faced a double exclusion as foreigners and as Jews under Vichy? Jewish writers of Eastern European origin who immigrated to France before the Second World War (including Benjamin Fondane, Romain Gary, Jean Malaquais, Irène Némirovsky, and Elsa Triolet) switched from writing in their languages of origin to writing primarily in French, even when their Frenchness was being violently denied by the state. In this manuscript, Julia Elsky argues that these Jewish émigré writers harnessed the potential multilingualism of French to express hybrid and shifting cultural, religious, and linguistic identities before and during the Occupation.

French literature --- Jewish authors --- French language --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Langue d'oïl --- Romance languages --- Authors --- Jewish authors&delete& --- History and criticism --- Language --- History --- Political aspects --- Literature and the war --- France --- E-books --- History and criticism. --- Literature and the war. --- Francophonie. --- French literature. --- Holocaust. --- Jewish writers. --- Occupied France. --- Resistance. --- Shoah. --- Vichy. --- bilingualism. --- multilingualism.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Gerhart Riegner sent the first recorded notice of the ""Final Solution,"" which came to be known as the Riegner Telegram. It was perhaps the most famous and tragic moment in Riegner's career, but there were many other important and fascinating episodes in his life of service, told now in Riegner's impressive memoir. He recounts his efforts behind the scenes and offers a firsthand estimate of many of the leading international figures of the past century.

Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) --- Jews --- Jews --- Jews --- Jews --- Judaism --- World War, 1939-1945 --- History --- Politics and government --- Social conditions --- Relations --- Catholic Church. --- Jews --- Rescue. --- Riegner, Gerhart. --- Catholic Church --- World Jewish Congress --- Relations --- Judaism. --- Officials and employees