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First came the disintegration of the Ottoman Empire following World War I; then, in the 1950s and '60s, the Nasser-inspired wave of Arab nationalism and socialism. The Arab world's third great political cataclysm of the past 100 years has also brought permanent changes, but not as its activists had hoped : the 2011 uprisings. Their consequences have differed greatly from area to area, splintering the Arab region into four different worlds, The Levant states have disintegrated, possibly irreversibly. The Gulf monarchies have embarked on far-reaching plans of economic and social change to stave off discontent. Egypt has retreated into military authoritarianism and a war on Islamists, threatening its future stability. Only the Maghreb countries, which have started integrating Islamists into their political systems, offer some hope for progress toward democracy. This book is an indispensable analysis of the profound upheavals that have shaken - and continue to transform - Arab and global politics.
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En 2011, d'impressionnants soulèvements populaires contre les dictatures ont bouleversé le monde arabe. À la joie et à l'espoir ont souvent répondu la terreur et la violence des régimes autocratiques. Une décennie après ces " printemps arabes ", quel regard peut-on porter sur eux comme sur ces répressions ? C'est une réponse originale à cette question qu'Hamit Bozarslan apporte dans ce livre, où il mobilise de façon très accessible les résultats de longues années d'enquêtes sur les sociétés de la région.Il rend compte d'abord des origines des dynamiques émancipatrices surgies en 2011. Mais aussi de la radicalisation des processus destructeurs en œuvre au Moyen-Orient depuis des décennies, de la transhumance djihadiste aux luttes hégémoniques des grands acteurs régionaux (Arabie saoudite, Iran et Turquie). Et il montre que si la passion de l'égalité, de la liberté et de la dignité s'est exprimée avec force dès 2011, avant d'être renouvelée en Algérie, au Soudan, en Irak et au Liban, les risques d'une restauration autoritaire, ainsi que d'une transformation de certains États arabes en forces miliciennes, ont très tôt été présents. Ainsi, en Syrie, mais aussi en Libye et au Yémen, le Léviathan autoritaire a cédé la place à Béhémoth, dont l'ultime dessein est de détruire la société. Dans cette dynamique du pire, l'aveuglement et le cynisme des démocraties occidentales n'a pu que favoriser l'émergence des " monstres " dans le monde arabe.
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islam --- Islam and politics --- Islam --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Arab countries - Politics and government
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Nationalism --- Arab countries --- Politics and government --- Nationalism - Arab countries --- Arab countries - Politics and government
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In 2011, a series of anti-government uprisings shook the Middle East and North Africa in what would become known as the Arab Spring. Few could predict that these convulsions, initially hailed in the West as a triumph of democracy, would give way to brutal civil war, the terrors of the Islamic State, and a global refugee crisis. But, as the author shows, the seeds of catastrophe had been sown long before. In this gripping account, he examines the myriad complex causes of the region's profound unraveling, tracing the ideological conflicts of the present to their origins in the United States invasion of Iraq in 2003 and beyond. From this investigation emerges a rare view into a land in upheaval through the eyes of six individuals - the matriarch of a dissident Egyptian family; a Libyan Air Force cadet with divided loyalties; a Kurdish physician from a prominent warrior clan; a Syrian university student caught in civil war; an Iraqi activist for women's rights; and an Iraqi day laborer-turned-ISIS fighter. A probing and insightful work of reportage, this book offers a penetrating portrait of the contemporary Arab world and brings the stunning realities of an unprecedented geopolitical tragedy into crystalline focus.
ARAB SPRING, 2010 --- -ARAB COUNTRIES--POLITICS AND GOVERNMENT --- I.S. (ORGANIZATION) --- IRAQ WAR, 2003-2011
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