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group theory --- algebra --- history of mathematics

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The manuscript of the Traité de Logique algorithmique resulted from lectures Couturat gave at the University of Caen in 1898/99 on recent developments in symbolic logic, on the relations of logic and mathematics, and on the scope of the methods of mathematics. It is the only one of several manuscripts Couturat mentioned in his correspondence that meanwhile has been rediscovered. It is an outstanding document of the popularization and propagation of symbolic logic around 1900. It allows to better understand the difficult relations of algebraic logic and the so-called logistic program which surpasses the simple alternative of logic as an application of algebra vs. logic as the foundation of mathematics. The complicated interactions in the historical developments of these two currents become manifest in Couturat's hesitations and changing attitudes within his own intellectual biography. The publication of this manuscript helps to achieve a much more complete picture of the latter.

Mathematics. --- History of Mathematics. --- Mathematics. --- Mathematics_$xHistory. --- Mathématiques

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History of mathematics in Germany(Freiburg im Brei

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Mathematical Sciences --- Applied Mathematics --- Mathematics --- Mathematics. --- History --- British Society for the History of Mathematics --- British Society for the History of Mathematics. --- Math --- Science --- BSHM

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Maximos Planudes, a classically educated scholar and teacher of the 13th century, demonstrates in his "Mathematics according to the Indians" how even complicated mathematical problems can be solved easily. To achieve this, he uses the innovative concept of "zero" which had come to Europe from India via the Arab world. This highly influential book is now presented in a fresh bilingual edition. Maximos Planudes, ein klassisch gebildeter Gelehrter und Lehrer des 13. Jahrhunderts, präsentiert in seinem "Rechenbuch nach den Indern" didaktisch geschickt, wie man auch komplizierte mathematische Aufgaben einfach lösen kann. Dazu nutzt er die in der Antike unbekannte "Null" und das erst damit ermöglichte Stellenwertsystem, das aus Indien über den arabischen Raum nach Europa gekommen war. Planudes zeigt für Addition, Subtraktion, Multiplikation, Division und Wurzelziehen, wie man im Alltag, aber auch bei astronomischen Fragen diese seinerzeit neuartige Form des Rechnens einsetzen kann. Über vierzig erhaltene mittelalterliche Abschriften zeugen vom Erfolg des Werks, das zwar nicht das allererste war, in dem das "indische" Rechnen auf Griechisch vorgestellt wurde, doch sicher das einflussreichste Rechenbuch in seiner Zeit und darüber hinaus – wir rechnen noch heute so.

Applied mathematics. --- Byzantine Science. --- Byzanz. --- History of mathematics. --- Mathematikgeschichte. --- Rechenbuch. --- The Concept of Zero. --- Wissenschaft. --- Byzantine science. --- concept of zero. --- history of mathematics.