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book (6)

dissertation (1)


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2024 (7)

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Book
L'effet Sagnac : des énigmes théoriques aux applications pratiques : un splendide effet relativiste à découvrir
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ISBN: 9782340094161 Year: 2024 Publisher: Paris : Ellipses,

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Abstract

Cet ouvrage a pour objectif de combler une lacune énorme dans la littérature actuelle en relativité restreinte : il s’agit du premier livre consacré entièrement à l'effet Sagnac, avec un niveau accessible au public non spécialiste. Découvrez comment cet effet étonnant éclaire notre compréhension de l'espace et du temps et laissez-vous guider par les explications à travers son histoire passionnante, jalonnée d’épisodes truculents. Subtilement simple, l’effet Sagnac conduit à des vérifications expérimentales diverses, notamment la rotation de la Terre sur elle-même. Il est aussi au cœur des technologies actuelles les plus innovantes (par exemple la géolocalisation par satellites, les gyromètres de haute performance ou la détection d’ondes gravitationnelles) qui sont ici détaillées de façon exhaustive. Cet ouvrage s’adresse aux étudiants intéressés par la physique et bien sûr également aux physiciens, ingénieurs, enseignants et tous les curieux qui souhaitent accéder à la compréhension fine d’un effet renversant qui constitue la quintessence de la relativité restreinte.


Book
Microbes : the unseen agents of climate change
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ISBN: 9780197688564 019768856X Year: 2024 Publisher: New York, NY : Oxford University Press,

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"The rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide is due mainly to the burning of fossil fuels, yet microbes such as bacteria and fungi, the most abundant and ubiquitous organisms, also produce this most important greenhouse gas as part of the natural carbon cycle. Carbon dioxide is consumed by algae and cyanobacteria, which are microbes that carry out photosynthesis like plants. Only microbes produce and consume the next two most important greenhouse gases, methane and nitrous oxide, and only microbes produce another gas, dimethyl sulfide, which helps to form clouds and minimize global warming. A key question to be examined throughout the book is about how climate change may alter what microbes are doing with greenhouse gases: will they consume more or produce more? The answer is critical in predicting what the planet will look like in the coming decades if climate change continues at its current pace"--


Book
Scattering in condensed matter
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ISBN: 9781527558359 Year: 2024 Publisher: Newcastle upon Tyne : Cambridge Scholars Publishing,

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This is a research book centered on quantum-mechanical scattering in macroscopic targets, which may lead to coherent scattering on a macroscopic scale. Specific conditions for the occurrence of coherent scattering are formulated. X- and gamma rays, neutron and neutrino scattering, and electron scattering are examined, as well as light scattering and the Moessbauer effect. Coherence domains are introduced, and their role in scattering is explored. The momentum and energy transfer to the target, as well as the force acting upon the target are emphasized, for both atomic and macroscopic targets. The book addresses a wide readership of researchers, in both experimental and theoretical physics, with an interest in a new area of research in particle scattering by macroscopic targets.


Book
Common sense science of climate change : a simple introduction to some major issues
Author:
ISBN: 9781528967082 Year: 2024 Publisher: London : Austin Macauley Publishers,

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Abstract

Are you overwhelmed by the conflicting information and passionate debates surrounding climate change ? Does the urgency in climate discourse leave you feeling anxious and concerned ? Do you wish you had a clearer understanding of the science that underpins this global issue ? If you answered 'yes' to any of these questions, then this book is your essential guide. This isn't a manifesto pushing a political agenda. Instead, it aims to arm you with straightforward scientific insights to clarify the complexities of climate change. This knowledge will empower you to form educated opinions, devoid of emotional bias or unsupported belief. Inside, you'll unravel a wealth of information, including : the critical role of the greenhouse effect in sustaining life on Earth, the criteria that make a gas a 'greenhouse gas', the contributing factors to sea level fluctuations, innovative ways to reduce methane emissions from livestock, the limitations of climate models in providing precise forecasts, and why they can only offer estimates, the meaning and implications of 'net zero,' along with promising advancements in electric vehicles, green hydrogen, and nuclear energy that could help us achieve this goal, a balanced roadmap for the future, integrating cutting-edge technology and renewable resources to secure economic prosperity without sacrificing our planet. Equip yourself with the knowledge you need to navigate the intricate world of climate change, and be part of informed discussions and decisions that shape our planet's future.


Dissertation
Mémoire
Authors: --- --- --- ---
Year: 2024 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)

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Abstract

Ce travail explore les mécanismes d’auto-assemblage de particules à l’échelle millimétrique en
utilisant les interactions capillaires. Il s’intéresse particulièrement à la conception de "codons capillaires", des objets dont les interactions sont dictées par des charges capillaires positives ou négatives.
Ces interactions permettent de créer des structures complexes, similaires à l’appariement des codons
et anticodons biologiques.
Le mémoire est divisé en plusieurs parties, dont une revue de la littérature sur l’auto-assemblage,
avec un accent particulier sur les particules anisotropes et les interactions capillaires. La conception
des codons capillaires repose sur des techniques de fabrication additive (impression 3D) et aboutit
à des simulations numériques pour modéliser les interactions entre ces codons.
Des expériences sont ensuite réalisées pour valider les modèles théoriques en observant les interactions réelles entre les codons imprimés. Les résultats montrent que la géométrie et l’écartement
des branches des codons influencent fortement leur comportement d’appariement. En conclusion,
l’étude démontre que les codons capillaires peuvent être utilisés pour simuler des processus d’autoassemblage complexes, ouvrant des perspectives pour des applications dans la fabrication de matériaux avancés. This work explores the mechanisms of self-assembly of particles at the millimeter scale using
capillary interactions. It focuses particularly on the design of "capillary codons," objects whose
interactions are dictated by positive or negative capillary charges. These interactions enable the
creation of complex structures, similar to the pairing of biological codons and anticodons.
The thesis is divided into several parts, including a literature review on self-assembly, with a
particular focus on anisotropic particles and capillary interactions. The design of capillary codons
relies on additive manufacturing techniques (3D printing) and leads to numerical simulations to
model the interactions between these codons.
Experiments are then conducted to validate the theoretical models by observing the actual
interactions between the printed codons. The results show that the geometry and spacing of the
codon branches strongly influence their pairing behavior. In conclusion, the study demonstrates
that capillary codons can be used to simulate complex self-assembly processes, opening up new
possibilities for applications in advanced materials fabrication.


Book
ChatGPT dans le monde du droit : la cobotique juridique
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 9782802774198 2802774190 Year: 2024 Publisher: Bruxelles: Bruylant,

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Abstract

Les intelligences artificielles génératives telles que ChatGPT constituent une révolution pour les professionnels du monde du droit. La puissance de cette technologie et sa facilité d’utilisation sont les bases de cette profonde transformation des activités juridiques. Si ChatGPT a un potentiel considérable pour transformer la pratique et les métiers du droit, une compréhension approfondie de son fonctionnement est essentielle pour en tirer pleinement parti. Il importe d’en connaître les aspects techniques, depuis sa définition, jusqu’à son fonctionnement basé sur des architectures neuronales complexes et des modèles d’apprentissage profond, les données utilisées, mais également les domaines spécifiques d’application tels que la recherche juridique, la rédaction de contrats, d’actes juridiques et judiciaires, de consultations et l’analyse de textes ou de la jurisprudence. Comment composer et collaborer avec ChatGPT, depuis l’ouverture d’un compte jusqu’à l’utilisation de ses fonctionnalités les plus avancées ? Comment minimiser les défauts, les erreurs ou les hallucinations afin de maximiser le travail automatisé, c’est-à-dire la cobotique juridique ? Quels sont les usages complémentaires qu’un professionnel du droit peut attendre au quotidien d’un assistant virtuel tel que ChatGPT ? De l’élaboration de scénarios juridiques à des fins stratégiques, aux analyses de tendances techniques en passant par la réalisation d’audits juridiques, l’utilisation de ChatGPT complète l’expertise humaine et permet de maximiser la qualité et la productivité des réalisations. Bienvenue dans le droit assisté par l’intelligence artificielle.


Book
Biodiversity and climate : tackling global footprints
Authors: --- --- --- ---
ISBN: 9781035340514 Year: 2024 Publisher: Northampton : Edward Elgar Publishing,

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Integrating insights from economics, law and political science, this book explores the vital connection between environmental preservation and taxation policies within the multifaceted context of climate change. The book fosters a deeper understanding of how taxation can be used to address critical environmental issues, namely ecological destruction and climate change. Global in scope, this topical book offers a holistic view of environmental challenges and examines international taxation strategies used to address them. Chapters discuss the priorities and techniques of biodiversity protection, analyses of emissions reduction in agriculture and forestry, as well as local, national and maritime climate challenges and the tools available to alleviate them. Bringing together leading experts from multiple disciplines, the book also explores the social acceptance of environmental taxation illustrated via case studies spanning across Europe and Australia. Timely and practical, this book is a vital reference point for students and scholars of environmental law, economics and sustainable development. Its experts' strategic insights and recommendations will also appeal to fiscal policymakers, as well as environmental scientists, economists and advocates.

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