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A new view for studying and understanding biological evolution emerges when the concepts of phylogenetic systematics and exaptation are combined. A new definition of macroevolution is created. Preadaptation is shown to be a null concept and its comparison with exaptation is shown to be inappropriate. This book criticizes the prevailing view, the adaptationist, microevolutionary outlook, which considers adaptation as being the exclusive or main evolutionary process responsible for vertebrates having occupied the terrestrial environment. The authors argue that the macroevolutionary processes are significantly more important to explain an improbable evolutionary event. Their research shows that macroevolutionary processes are the dominant factors involved in the origin of terrestriality.
Vertebrates --- Evolution. --- Adaptation.
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La question de la réussite des étudiants dans l'enseignement supérieur est une préoccupation bien présente. L'inclusion offre aux personnes d'être considérées de manière équitable et d'avoir accès aux mêmes possibilités. Cela ne signifie pas traiter tous les étudiants de la même manière, mais plutôt répondre aux besoins de chacune des personnes. Il n'est pas possible de s'engager dans un processus d'inclusion si les façons de voir, de comprendre, d'aborder la diversité ne changent pas. Il faut donc oser modifier les pratiques professionnelles dans la communauté universitaire, dans le groupe classe d'étudiants.Cet ouvrage relève certaines d'entre elles au sein de plusieurs universités au niveau international, au plus près de la personne étudiante, comme témoignages de ce qu'il serait possible de réaliser au regard de la question de l'inclusion.En quoi aujourd'hui pourrions-nous dire que l'inclusion est bien une volonté voire une réalité dans l'enseignement supérieur ?
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"The modification of environments by the niche-constructing activities of organisms changes the subject matter of evolutionary theory"--
Evolution (Biology) --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Bioenergetics.
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This collection examines the relationship between illustration and adaptation from an intermedial and transcultural perspective. It aims to foster a dialogue between two fields that co-exist without necessarily acknowledging advances in each other’s domains, providing an argument for defining illustration as a form of adaptation, as well as an intermedial practice that redefines what we mean by adaptation. The volume embraces both a specific and an extended definition of illustration that accounts for its inclusion among the web of adaptive practices that developed with the rise of new media and intermediality. The contributors explore how crossovers may contribute to reappraise their objects, and rely on a transmedial and interdisciplinary corpus exploring the boundaries between illustration and other media such as texts, graphic novels, comics, theatre, film and mobile applications. Arguably adaptation, like intermediality, is an umbrella term that covers a variety of practices and products, and both of them have been shaped by intense debates over their boundaries and internal definitions. Illustration belongs to each of these areas, and this volume proposes insight into how illustration not only relates to adaptation and intermediality but how each field is redefined, enriched and also challenged by such interactions. Shannon Wells-Lassagne has worked extensively on film and television adaptation. She is the author of Television and Serial Adaptation, and the editor of Adapting Margaret Atwood (Palgrave), Adapting Endings, as well as of special issues of The Journal of Screenwriting, Interfaces, and TV/Series, Screen and Series. Sophie Aymes works on intermediality, modernist book history and illustration in 20th-century Britain. She has co-edited several word-and-image journal issues (inInterfaces and Image [&] Narrative), volumes on illustration (series Book Practices and Textual Itineraries), and a collection on Art and Science in Word and Image.
Adaptation (Literary, artistic, etc.) --- Visual communication. --- Adaptation (Literary, artistic, etc.). --- Arts. --- Culture --- Adaptation Studies. --- Visual Culture. --- Study and teaching.
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Bacteria --- Adaptation (Physiology) --- Physiology. --- Laccase --- Industrial applications.
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Depuis 3 millions d'années, la Terre a connu de nombreux changements climatiques. Chaque fois, la géographie, la faune et la flore ont évolué, le monde s'est transformé, et les humains se sont adaptés. Comment le climat a-t-il guidé l'évolution de notre espèce ? Comment les Européens ont-ils survécu à la glaciation il y a 20 000 ans ? Comment les Égyptiens ont-ils profité du Sahara ? Pourquoi les Romains étaient-ils des enfants gâtés du climat ? Vers quoi nous mène la hausse des températures ?Grâce aux publications scientifiques les plus récentes, les auteurs offrent un exposé rigoureux des changements climatiques qui ont marqué l'histoire humaine et de la manière dont les sociétés ont surmonté ces bouleversements. Une sorte de version archéologique du rapport du Giec, de la Préhistoire jusqu'à aujourd'hui. La hauteur de vue d'une telle rétrospective permet de porter un regard éclairé sur la crise environnementale actuelle pour, à notre tour, agir et réparer ce qui peut l'être.
Changements climatiques --- Paléoclimatologie. --- Paléoenvironnement. --- Adaptation --- Histoire.
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Climate change adaptation. --- Climatic changes. --- Sustainable development.
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“Like a reporter covering nineteenth-century copyright trials, public debates between prominent authors, and major legislative developments, Annie Nissen weaves through a range of examples of writers, including Charles Dickens, Mary Elizabeth Braddon, and George Bernard Shaw, and the many adaptations of their books for stage and screen. This book provides a detailed picture of the business of authorship and adaptation across page, theater, and early film. Enlightening and indispensable.” —Lissette Lopez Szwydky, PhD, Associate Professor, University of Arkansas, USA “Nissen does an outstanding job of pushing deep into a complex matrix of issues. This is an impressive piece of scholarship and an excellent resource for adaptation studies.” —Glenn Jellenik, Associate Professor of English, University of Central Arkansas, USA “Spanning a wide range of authors and a long historical arc, Authors and Adaptation offers important new information about and insights into literature, theatre, film, and adaptation studies. Nissen resurrects theoretically and historically dead authors as live writers creating and critiquing intermedial adaptations, invaluably bridging gaps between theory and practice as well as between disciplines, media, and periods.” —Kamilla Elliott, Professor of Literature and Media, Lancaster University, UK This book studies British literary writers’ engagement with adaptations of their work across literary, theatrical, and film media in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It considers their critical, reflective, and autobiographical writings about the process of adaptation, and traces how their work was shaped, as well as delimited, by their involvement with adaptations to different media and intermedial writing. Linking canonical and non-canonical writers both chronologically and contemporaneously, and bridging studies of prose fiction adaptation from nineteenth-century theatre to early twentieth-century film, this book offers an interdisciplinary, transhistorical, cultural, and analytical study of adaptation and the variable positions of writers within and across media. Annie Nissen currently works at Lancaster University, UK, where she has been an Associate Lecturer for both Film Studies and English Literature and a Research Associate for the ‘Cinema Memory and the Digital Archive’ project. .
English fiction --- History and criticism. --- Adaptation (Literary, artistic, etc.). --- Adaptation Studies.
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Adapting Television and Literature is an incisive collection of essays that explores the growing sub-category of television adaptations of literature and poetics. Each chapter questions inflexible notions of film / literature and adaptation / intertext, focusing judiciously on emergent or overlooked media and literary forms. These lines of enquiry embrace texts both within and beyond ‘adaptation proper’, to reveal the complex relationships between literary works, television adaptations, and related dialogues of textual interconnectivity. Adapting Television and Literature proposes, in particular, a ‘re-seeing’ of four genres pivotal to television and its history: caustic comedy, which claims for itself more freedoms than other forms of scripted television; auteurist outlaw drama, an offbeat, niche genre that aligns a fixation on lawbreakers with issues of creative control; young adult reinventions that vitalise this popular, yet under-examined area of television studies; and transcultural exchanges, which highlight adaptations beyond the white, Anglo-American programming that dominates ‘peak TV’. Through these genres, Adapting Television and Literature examines the creative resources of adaptation, plotting future paths for enquiries into television, literature and transmedial storytelling. Paul Sheehan is an Associate Professor of Literature at Macquarie University, Sydney. He is the author of two monographs, Modernism, Narrative, and Humanism (2002) and Modernism and the Aesthetics of Violence (2013), both with Cambridge UP. His work on film / television and literary studies includes book chapters on The Matrix Trilogy, HBO’s Deadwood, and Michael Haneke; as well as journal articles on Werner Herzog and HBO’s True Detective. He is currently working on a project about Black modernism and blues culture. Blythe Worthy is a sessional academic in the film studies and English disciplines at The University of Sydney. Blythe has had their research on television and film published by the University of California Press, Edinburgh University Press, Springer, and Rowman and Littlefield. Blythe is Managing Editor of the Australasian Journal of American Studies and has worked in research for SBS and ABC television.
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This study makes the case that natural selection can do the exact opposite, favouring traits that directly harm an organism's ability to survive and reproduce, by synthesizing evidence from evolution, ecology and genetics to explain how maladaptations are possible, with drastic consequences for our understanding of the design of living things.
Adaptation (Biology) --- Natural selection. --- Evolution (Biology) --- Adaptation (biologie) --- Sélection naturelle. --- Évolution (biologie)
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