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2024 (4)

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Book
Flood Risk Management : Assessment and Strategy
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9789819726882 Year: 2024 Publisher: Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore : Imprint: Springer,

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Abstract

This book examines the nature of flood in different landscapes and the various factors that contribute to flooding in different areas. It identifies flood risk zones in different terrain types and provides valuable insights into the anthropogenic, geographical, hydro-geological, and geomorphological aspects of flood-prone areas to achieve sustainable risk management. The book also explores the impact of avalanches, global warming, and flash floods in different settings where such types of flooding have become more common. In addition, the volume provides case studies to evaluate the impact of flooding in both natural and man-made environments. To better understand and manage floods, the book combines advanced geospatial tools and techniques with indigenous knowledge. Using machine learning and multiple-criteria decision analysis, the book provides an amalgamation of technology and indigenous knowledge to assess flood susceptibility. The book also includes strategies to manage flood risks and case studies that demonstrate best practices in flood risk management. The volume is a valuable resource for researchers, students, and policy makers to understand the causes of floods and their socio-economic impact in different areas.


Book
Responses of Plants to Soil Flooding
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9819991129 Year: 2024 Publisher: Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore : Imprint: Springer,

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In this book, leading researchers from this field systematically explain the latest research results on anaerobic responses in plants. The book is characterized by its in-depth coverage of the tolerance functions of plants under hypoxic conditions from a variety of perspectives, with a particular focus on research areas related to molecular biology and genetics. Although drought responses have dominated water stress research in the past, recent floods and attempts to introduce new cropping systems have made it necessary to take measures against excessive water stress injury, and systematic research is needed for this purpose. From this point of view, the approach taken in this book is new and interesting in that it covers basic research and adaptation technologies in the field, and can be applied to various different situations. The focus of this book is how plants can adapt to poor environments and improve productivity under the conditions of soil hypoxia caused by excess water, such as heavy rains and typhoons. From this point of view, the reader will be able to understand the various adaptations of plants to climate change, which will clarify the future directions of research and show the possibility of applying the knowledge and techniques gained in this book to the field. The Sixth Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2021) warns that global warming will proceed faster than previously assumed and that all regions of the world will face increasing changes. “Climate Resilient Development” has been proposed as a key phrase to combat global warming, and it is important to identify the adaptive capacity of plants and improve it where possible. In this regard, the publication of this book, which includes ideas for mitigating flood damage caused by global warming, is extremely important, timely, and rational.


Dissertation
Mémoire
Authors: --- --- --- ---
Year: 2024 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)

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Abstract

Floods are one of the most significant natural hazards. Flood events are common in Rwanda, particularly in the northwest region where the Nyarutovu watershed, the focus of this study, is located. This region frequently experiences flash floods, as was the case in May 2023 when over 130 people lost their lives. There is an urgent need for the development of flash flood forecasting techniques, given the increasing risk of such events.
The objective of this study was to model the dynamics influencing the relationship between precipitation and runoff in the Nyarutovu watershed.
To achieve this, rigorous cleaning and preparation of precipitation and discharge data were performed, resulting in a time series from January 1, 2023, to May 3, 2023. Thirteen hydrologic events were selected for modeling, involving the separation of baseflow and differentiation between individual events. Then, the hydrologic modeling software HEC-HMS was employed, employing various methods to simulate the runoff in the watershed.
The results obtained from the hydrologic modeling, both before and after calibration, were fairly poor and do not allow for any flood forecasting for the Nyarutovu watershed.
The main reason for these poor outcomes was attributed to uncertainties in the data, which probably significantly affected the accuracy of the modeling more than the chosen methods. Particularly, precipitation data, critical for hydrologic modeling, seem to lack accuracy due to its spatial variability across the watershed and uncertainties associated with interpolation from punctual observations. Additionally, the discharge data were approximate and prone to errors, which also propagated in the hydrologic modeling process.
Looking forward, it would be interesting to explore whether remote sensing precipitation data such as satellite or microwaves links from cellular communication networks observations could be used to monitor flash floods in the studied area. Les inondations représentent l'un des risques naturels les plus importants. Elles sont fréquentes au Rwanda, et en particulier au nord-ouest, où se situe le bassin versant de Nyarutovu, sujet de cette étude. Cette région est souvent affectée par des crues éclair, comme celle survenue en mai 2023 qui a entraîné la mort de plus de 130 personnes. Il est crucial de développer des techniques de prévision des crues éclair, lesquelles sont amenées à se multiplier.
L'objectif de cette étude était d'analyser et de modéliser les interactions entre les précipitations et le ruissellement dans le bassin versant de Nyarutovu. Pour cela, des données de précipitations et de débits ont été, le plus rigoureusement possible, nettoyées et préparées résultant en une série temporelle de précipitation et de débit allant du 1 janvier 2023 au 3 mai 2023. Treize événements ont été sélectionnés pour la modélisation hydrologique, impliquant la séparation du débit de base et la distinction entre les événements individuels. Le logiciel de modélisation hydrologique HEC-HMS a été utilisé, employant différentes méthodes pour simuler le ruissellement dans le bassin versant.
Les résultats obtenus de la modélisation hydrologique, tant avant qu'après la calibration sont insatisfaisants et ne permettent aucune prédiction des crues pour le bassin versant de Nyarutovu.
Ces mauvais résultats sont principalement dus aux incertitudes entourant les données, lesquelles ont probablement eu un impact plus significatif sur la précision de la modélisation que les méthodes sélectionnées. En particulier, les données de précipitations, cruciales pour la modélisation hydrologique, semblent ne pas être assez précises en raison de leur variabilité spatiale dans le bassin versant et des incertitudes liées à l'interpolation à partir d’observations ponctuelles. De plus, les données de débits étaient également entachées d’erreurs se propageant lors de la modélisation hydrologique
À l'avenir, il serait intéressant d'examiner si les données de précipitations obtenues par télédétection, telles que les données satellitaires ou les observations faites via liaisons micro-ondes des réseaux de communication cellulaires pourraient être utilisées pour le suivi des crues éclaires dans la zone d’étude.


Book
The Great Sea Floods Of 1953 : The Records of P. J. O. (John) Trist.
Author:
ISBN: 1805432680 Year: 2024 Publisher: Woodbridge : Suffolk Records Society,

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Abstract

A rare source, transcribed: stories, statistics, meticulous maps by John Trist, 'Mr. Agriculture' to Suffolk's farming community, reveal new insights into forgotten rural history of 1953 East Coast Floods.

Keywords

Floods --- HISTORY / Europe / Great Britain / General. --- 1950s Suffolk farmer. --- 1950s Suffolk. --- 1950s disaster planning. --- 1950s farmers in Suffolk. --- 1950s farming. --- Aerial survey of East Suffolk coast. --- British natural disasters. --- Flood compensation. --- Historic uses of Suffolk marshes. --- History of catchment boards in Suffolk. --- History of county agricultural executive committees (CAEC). --- Maps of East Coast flooding. --- Memoirs of public servants. --- Ministry of Agriculture and River Boards. --- National Agricultural Advisory Service (NAAS). --- North sea floods and farming. --- Official reports on coastal flooding. --- Post-war agricultural policy. --- Reclamation of marshland. --- Suffolk diaries. --- Suffolk environmental history. --- The great tide in Suffolk. --- attle of the breaches. --- History. --- 1950s Suffolk farmer. --- 1950s Suffolk. --- 1950s disaster planning. --- 1950s farmers in Suffolk. --- 1950s farming. --- Aerial survey of East Suffolk coast. --- British natural disasters. --- Flood compensation. --- Historic uses of Suffolk marshes. --- History of catchment boards in Suffolk. --- History of county agricultural executive committees (CAEC). --- Maps of East Coast flooding. --- Memoirs of public servants. --- Ministry of Agriculture and River Boards. --- National Agricultural Advisory Service (NAAS). --- North sea floods and farming. --- Official reports on coastal flooding. --- Post-war agricultural policy. --- Reclamation of marshland. --- Suffolk diaries. --- Suffolk environmental history. --- The great tide in Suffolk. --- attle of the breaches.

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