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2024 (2)

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Book
Le Saint-Empire face au monde: contestations et redéfinitions de l'impérialité, XVe-XIXe siècle
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ISBN: 9782271146311 2271146313 Year: 2024 Publisher: Paris CNRS

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Abstract

"Le monde germanique a-t-il pris part au tournant global de l'époque moderne et au processus de conquête et de colonisation qui l'a caractérisée? Le Saint-Empire romain germanique, perçu alors comme l'une des formations politiques les plus importantes, est aujourd'hui largement absent des travaux consacrés aux empires. Ce fut pourtant un acteur majeur des relations internationales du XVe au début du XIXe siècle. Indravati Félicité montre comment cette entité s'est confrontée au monde, la débarrassant ainsi de l'image de "vieil empire" qu'on lui a souvent prêtée. Marqué par une dimension continentale forte, le Saint-Empire n'en a pas moins été intégré au commerce mondial et inséré dans des réseaux internationaux. Ses habitants ont contribué par leurs voyages et leurs publications à la connaissance de contrées méconnues, ils ont noué des contacts politiques avec diverses nations extraeuropéennes, ont pensé leur place dans un monde en interdépendance croissante. Indravati Félicité nous fait redécouvrir cet empire connecté, et propose, ce faisant, une réflexion sur les notions d'empire et d'impérialité."--


Book
Patterns in the History of Polycentric Governance in European Cities : From Antiquity to the 21st Century

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The autonomy granted to local communities (such as towns, municipalities, and city-states) by larger, central powers (such as empires, kings, lords, and central states) is a recurrent feature of European history over time, from Antiquity to the contemporary period. This volume explores the political, social, and cultural aspects of this feature in a diachronic and comparative perspective, from the Roman Empire to today's city partnerships. To this end, it uses the concept of polycentric governance. Originally developed by political economist Vincent Ostrom in the 1960s and then expanded by the 2009 winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, political scientist Elinor Ostrom, this concept characterises the interdependent system of relations between different actors involved in a process and, for that reason, it is frequently used in policy studies. This volume applies the concept of polycentric governance to historical studies as a heuristic device to analyse the multilayer systems into which cities were integrated at various points in European history, as well as the implications of the coexistence of different political structures. Fourteen chapters examine the structures, the dynamics, and the discourse of polycentric governance through various case studies from the Roman Empire, from medieval towns, from early modern Europe, and from contemporary cities. The volume suggests that for extended periods of time throughout European history, polycentric governance has played a pivotal role in the organisation and distribution of political power.

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