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Labour Disrupted exposes the precariousness of union organisation and how labour movements have had to respond to the challenges of the Covid-19 pandemic. It addresses issues related to the fourth industrial revolution on the working class, and the challenges of skills development and inclusiveness.

Labor.

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This book provides an original contribution to contemporary research surrounding the environmental, humanitarian and socio-political crises associated with contemporary capitalism. Reimagining Labor for a Sustainable Future is guided by the assertion that new systems are always preceded by new ideas and that imagination and experimentation are central in this process. Given the vast terrain of capitalism - processes, institutions, and stakeholders - Vogelaar and Dasgupta have selected labour as the point of engagement in the study of capitalist and alternative imaginaries. In order to demonstrate the importance of labour in rethinking and restructuring our world economy, the authors examine three diverse community projects in Scotland, India and the United States. They reveal the nuanced ways in which each community engages in commoning practices that re-center social reproduction and offer more expansive views of labour that challenge the neoliberal capitalist imaginary. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of sustainable economics, labour studies and sustainable development.

Labor

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Le présent Manuel a pour but d'aider les entreprises à identifier et prévenir les risques relatifs au travail des enfants et au travail forcé dans le secteur du cacao, et à y remédier. Ce Manuel repose sur les principales normes internationales soutenues par les gouvernements en matière de devoir de diligence dans les chaînes d'approvisionnement et de conduite responsable des entreprises : les Principes directeurs de l'OCDE à l'intention des entreprises multinationales sur la conduite responsable des entreprises ainsi que le Guide OCDE sur le devoir de diligence pour une conduite responsable des entreprises et le Guide OCDE-FAO pour des filières agricoles responsables y afférent. Le présent Manuel a été élaboré en collaboration avec la fondation International Cocoa Initiative (ICI), avec le soutien financier du ministère allemand de la Coopération économique et du Développement (BMZ) et les contributions techniques de la Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH (GIZ).

Child labor. --- Labor market.

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This paper presents an empirical application and analysis of the social contract in countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper suggests a simple operational model that synthesizes a social contract's three main characteristics: participation, protection, and provision, between a government and its citizens. This empirical "3-P" framework allows investigating the role that government provision and protection may have on citizen participation, which is particularly pertinent given the political and economic development of countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper compares the evaluation of the health of the social contract in countries in the Middle East and North Africa region to that of countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. The empirical evidence shows that the social benefits provided to citizens through improved delivery of basic services have come at the cost of impaired political participation. This feature of the social contract in the Middle East and North Africa may be considered one of the root causes of the social turmoil some countries have been struggling with in recent decades. Digital transformation is a potentially powerful channel through which the relationship between government and citizens can improve, and the paper finds that it has a three-year lagged positive effect on the quality of the social contract in the Middle East and North Africa and the effect is inversely U-shaped. This suggests that structural and institutional improvements are needed in countries in the Middle East and North Africa for the quality of their social contract to reach levels comparable to those of countries in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

Labor market --- Labor market

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With an estimated 164 million workers globally, migrant workers are an essential component of contemporary workplaces. Despite their number and indispensability in the global economy, these workers suffer workplace violations that range from underpayment of wages, to unsafe work conditions through to sexual assault and even industrial manslaughter. Patterns of Exploitation documents the bases for exploitation. It does this through a comparison of labor laws and practices in six labor law jurisdictions and four countries, over a twenty-year period: Australia, Canada (Ontario, British Columbia and Alberta), the United Kingdom (England) and the United States (California). Starting with a startling new database (the Migrant Worker Rights Database) of 907 court cases involving 1,912 migrants, this unprecedented study offers in-depth analysis of seven court cases to document individual migrant experiences. It draws upon 53 interviews with leading counsel (and other actors) on both sides of litigation to provide an assessment of the patterns of exploitation that emerge. The central factors informing these narratives are ethnicity, gender, occupational sector, visa status, trade union membership and enforcement policy. Yet, the key factor that explains variation across cases is the industrial relations systems of these four countries. This central finding emphasizes ongoing institutional resilience in labor market regulation, even within most-similar liberal market economies that these cases represent.

Migrant labor --- Migrant labor --- Migrant labor --- Exploitation