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While the Arab revolutions have obviously triggered extensive social and political changes, the far-reaching consequences of the cultural and discursive changes have yet to be adequately considered. For activists, researchers, and journalists, the revolution was primarily a revolution in language; a break with the linguistic oppression and the rigidity of the old regimes. This break was accompanied by the emergence of new languages, which made it possible to inform, tell, and translate the ongoing events and transformations. This language of the revolution was carried out into the world by competing voices from Syria (by local and foreign researchers, activists, and journalists). The core of this project is to find the various translations of the language of the Syrian revolution (2011–2012) from Arabic to English to study and analyze. In addition, the discursive and non-discursive dimensions of the revolution are to be seen as another act of translation, including the language of the banners, slogans, graffiti, songs, and their representation in English.

SOCIAL SCIENCE / Islamic Studies. --- Activism. --- Arab Protests. --- Revolutions. --- Social Movements.

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"Modernist Islamic thought was an intellectual movement active in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries that aimed at redefining the relationship between Islam and western modernity. The movement took off at a pivotal time in Muslim history, when Muslim empires were either in serious decline or vanquished, and when the British and French were asserting their power as new colonial rulers in majority Muslim societies the world over. Muslim modernists sought to define how Muslims should orient themselves in this new world. And in particular, how their Islamic beliefs and practices should be reconciled with western ideas such as secularism, women's rights, democratic representation, and western forms of education. Teena Purohit's new account of Muslim modernism is distinctive in that she seeks to highlight something that has gone unnoticed in previous accounts of the Muslim modernist story: it has had a decided Sunni bias and has been linked to calls for suppression of minority Muslim communities. Such communities, including the Shi'a, Ismailis, Ahmadis, and Bahai's, have often been disparaged in Muslim modernist thought as sectarian or deviant and thus as not fully or authentically Muslim. In this book, Purohit reveals how a succession of key Muslim modernist thinker-activists from the colonial, anti-colonial/nationalist, and post-colonial/Islamist eras shared an obsession with Muslim "unity" that implicitly relied on a Sunni majoritarian perspective. Not coincidentally, this perspective was also held by European orientalist scholars of Islam who, like the Muslim modernists, were deeply influenced by notions of sect and heresy that had their origin in Christianity. This obsession with unity and the privileging of Sunnism that went with it was found in all forms of Muslim modernism. As Purohit shows via her close examination of a series of key modernist thinkers from the late nineteenth to the late twentieth centuries, repeated calls for "reform" or "reformation" of Islam or for a rediscovery of Islam's supposedly "lost unity" inclined the Muslim modernist project as a whole towards intolerance of Muslim minorities"-- "Muslim intellectuals who sought to establish the boundaries of modern Muslim identityMuslim modernism was a political and intellectual movement that sought to redefine the relationship between Islam and the colonial West in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Spearheaded by Muslim leaders in Asia and the Middle East, the modernist project arose from a desire to reconcile Islamic beliefs and practices with European ideas of secularism, scientific progress, women's rights, and democratic representation. Teena Purohit provides innovative readings of the foundational thinkers of Muslim modernism, showing how their calls for unity and reform led to the marginalization of Muslim minority communities that is still with us today.Sunni Chauvinism and the Roots of Muslim Modernism offers fresh perspectives on figures such as Jamal al din al-Afghani, Muhammad Abduh, Muhammad Iqbal, and Abul A'la Maududi. It sheds light on the exclusionary impulses and Sunni normative biases of modernist Muslim writers, and explores how their aim to unite the global Muslim community-which was stagnant and fragmented in their eyes-also created lasting divisions. While modernists claimed to represent all Muslims when they asserted the centrality and significance of unity, they questioned the status of groups such as Ahmadis, Bahais, and the Shia more broadly.Addressing timely questions about religious authority and reform in modern Islam, this incisive book reveals how modernist notions of Islam as a single homogeneous tradition gave rise to enduring debates about who belongs to the Muslim community and who should be excluded"--

Islamic modernism --- Sunna. --- RELIGION / Islam / History --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Islamic Studies --- History.

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This book explores how to locate the sources which influenced the political, social, and ideological stance of a famous Turkestani Jadid thinker, writer, journalist and scholar, 'Abdurra'uf Fitrat (1886-1938), thus also putting in perspective some overall intellectual trends in Turkestan, especially in Bukhara in the early 1910s. Based on Fitrat's early publications the book discusses what intellectual milieu it was that shaped his worldview in the early 1910s, a worldview that could be designated as a first attempt at "freedom and sovereignty through Islam". A thorough review of these publications also brings greater clarity to the issue of Fitrat's ethnical identity, which sheds light on how he related to the worldwide community of Muslims and how he positioned himself towards political unity of the Muslim World.Furthermore, by scrutinizing Fitrat's intellectual legacy of 1910-1915, this book highlights some of the origins of Jadidism in Turkestan and places Turkestani Jadidism in the context of worldwide Muslim reformism at the turn of the 20th century.

Islam and politics --- Jadidism --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Islamic Studies. --- 'Abdurra'uf Fitrat. --- Bukhara. --- Jadidism. --- Pan-Islam. --- Zhadidchilik --- Islamic education --- Islamic sects

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This book, the first of three, offers an anthology of Western descriptions of Islamic religious buildings of Spain, Turkey, India and Persia, mostly from the seventeenth to early twentieth centuries, taken from books and ambassadorial reports. As travel became easier and cheaper, thanks to viable roads, steamships, hotels and railways, tourist numbers increased, museums accumulated eastern treasures, illustrated journals proliferated, and photography provided accurate data. The second volume covers some of the religious architecture of Syria, Egypt and North Africa, while the third deals with Islamic palaces around the Mediterranean. All three deal with the impact of Western trade, taste and imports on the East, and examine the encroachment of westernised modernism, judged responsible for the degradation of Islamic styles.

Asian Studies. --- Middle East and Islamic Studies. --- Archaeology, Art & Architecture. --- Islamic countries --- Description and travel. --- Islamic architecture --- Travelers' writings.

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Die Wahrnehmung des Islam in Indonesien ist radikal auf seine lebensfeindlichen bis gewaltbereiten Komponenten verkürzt. Dagegen setzt Volker Gottowik einen anderen Akzent. Er fokussiert auf heterodoxe Praktiken, die im Kontext von Pilgerfahrt und Heiligenverehrung auf Java untersucht werden. Dazu gehören ritualisierte Sexualkontakte (ritual seks), die Pilger untereinander eingehen, um den Segen des verehrten Heiligen zu empfangen. Im Zentrum der Analyse stehen die gesellschaftlichen Reaktionen auf solche Praktiken. Die Rückschlüsse, die daraus gezogen werden, zeigen deutlich: Eine erweiterte Perspektive auf Islam und Islamisierung ist dringend notwendig.

Social sciences. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Anthropology / Cultural & Social. --- Asia. --- Ethnology. --- Gender. --- Heterodoxy. --- Indonesia. --- Islamic Studies. --- Pilgrim. --- Pilgrimage. --- Religion. --- Ritual. --- Saint Worship. --- Sexuality. --- Transgression.