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Spiders. --- Poisonous spiders --- Predation (Biology) --- Venom. --- Spider venom --- Spiders --- Araneae --- Araneida --- Arachnida --- Communities, Predator-prey --- Dynamics, Predator-prey --- Interactions, Predator-prey --- Predator-prey communities --- Predator-prey dynamics --- Predator-prey interactions --- Predator-prey relations --- Predator-prey relationships --- Predator-prey systems --- Predators and prey --- Predatory behavior (Biology) --- Predatory-prey relationships --- Prey and predators --- Prey-predator relationships --- Preying (Biology) --- Relations, Predator-prey --- Relationships, Predator-prey --- Systems, Predator-prey --- Animal ecology --- Animals --- Parasitism --- Venom --- Food

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Predation (Biology) --- Ecology. --- Laterality. --- Psychophysiology --- Cerebral dominance --- Dual-brain psychology --- Balance of nature --- Biology --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Communities, Predator-prey --- Dynamics, Predator-prey --- Interactions, Predator-prey --- Predator-prey communities --- Predator-prey dynamics --- Predator-prey interactions --- Predator-prey relations --- Predator-prey relationships --- Predator-prey systems --- Predators and prey --- Predatory behavior (Biology) --- Predatory-prey relationships --- Prey and predators --- Prey-predator relationships --- Preying (Biology) --- Relations, Predator-prey --- Relationships, Predator-prey --- Systems, Predator-prey --- Animal ecology --- Animals --- Parasitism --- Ecology --- Food

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Salamanders are relevant components of many terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. However, despite the importance of salamanders in many resource–consumer networks, their functional role remains remarkably understudied. Therefore, this volume, entitled The Ecological Role of Salamanders as Prey and Predators, provides an opportunity for researchers to highlight the new research on the ecological role of salamanders and newts in prey–predator systems, their trophic behavior, and the variability of their trophic niche in space and time. Various innovative methods, such as COI metabarcoding and network analysis, are applied in the present study to test both the classical and new hypotheses concerning the trophic ecology of salamanders and their interactions with their prey. The present volume is composed of one review and seven research papers, all of which are published after undergoing a complete and impartial peer-review process.

Research & information: general --- artificial cave --- ecotone --- prey-predator system --- salamanders --- Speleomantes --- subterranean habitat --- amphibia --- energy flow --- habitat coupling --- predator–prey interactions --- top–down control --- trophic cascades --- trophic ecology --- Urodela --- cave biology --- prey --- hypogean --- underground --- stygofauna --- Monolistra --- Sphaeromatidae --- Niphargus --- flatworm --- aqueduct --- seepage --- individual diet specialization --- ecological opportunity --- diet --- plethodontid --- community ecology --- Triturus --- Lissotriton --- coexisting species --- trophic niche --- niche width --- niche variation hypothesis --- amphibians --- feeding ecology --- individual specialization --- resource selection --- Hydromantes --- body condition --- biospeleology --- parental species --- size --- capture-mark-recapture --- COI --- DNA metabarcoding --- n/a --- predator-prey interactions --- top-down control

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Salamanders are relevant components of many terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. However, despite the importance of salamanders in many resource–consumer networks, their functional role remains remarkably understudied. Therefore, this volume, entitled The Ecological Role of Salamanders as Prey and Predators, provides an opportunity for researchers to highlight the new research on the ecological role of salamanders and newts in prey–predator systems, their trophic behavior, and the variability of their trophic niche in space and time. Various innovative methods, such as COI metabarcoding and network analysis, are applied in the present study to test both the classical and new hypotheses concerning the trophic ecology of salamanders and their interactions with their prey. The present volume is composed of one review and seven research papers, all of which are published after undergoing a complete and impartial peer-review process.

Research & information: general --- artificial cave --- ecotone --- prey-predator system --- salamanders --- Speleomantes --- subterranean habitat --- amphibia --- energy flow --- habitat coupling --- predator-prey interactions --- top-down control --- trophic cascades --- trophic ecology --- Urodela --- cave biology --- prey --- hypogean --- underground --- stygofauna --- Monolistra --- Sphaeromatidae --- Niphargus --- flatworm --- aqueduct --- seepage --- individual diet specialization --- ecological opportunity --- diet --- plethodontid --- community ecology --- Triturus --- Lissotriton --- coexisting species --- trophic niche --- niche width --- niche variation hypothesis --- amphibians --- feeding ecology --- individual specialization --- resource selection --- Hydromantes --- body condition --- biospeleology --- parental species --- size --- capture-mark-recapture --- COI --- DNA metabarcoding --- artificial cave --- ecotone --- prey-predator system --- salamanders --- Speleomantes --- subterranean habitat --- amphibia --- energy flow --- habitat coupling --- predator-prey interactions --- top-down control --- trophic cascades --- trophic ecology --- Urodela --- cave biology --- prey --- hypogean --- underground --- stygofauna --- Monolistra --- Sphaeromatidae --- Niphargus --- flatworm --- aqueduct --- seepage --- individual diet specialization --- ecological opportunity --- diet --- plethodontid --- community ecology --- Triturus --- Lissotriton --- coexisting species --- trophic niche --- niche width --- niche variation hypothesis --- amphibians --- feeding ecology --- individual specialization --- resource selection --- Hydromantes --- body condition --- biospeleology --- parental species --- size --- capture-mark-recapture --- COI --- DNA metabarcoding

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The management of wildlife populations and their habitats are interdisciplinary fields that encompass many scientific disciplines that also impact the lives of people. Therefore, these are truly applied sciences where human dimensions play an important role.This book highlights the importance of conducting rigorous studies to design and implement the effective management and restoration of wild populations and their habitats. A new paradigm in conservation is developing that goes beyond the boundaries of protected areas to achieve the goal of sustainable development. The 16 papers in this book, including reviews and a project report, cover a broad range of topics, exploring a diversity of subjects that are representative of current practices and novel applications.We would like to thank both the MDPI publishers and editorial staff for their support and help during the process of editing this book, in addition to the authors for their contributions.

road safety --- roadkill --- clustering --- growth rate --- traffic intensity --- mitigation measures --- roadkill analysis --- movement patterns --- habitat characterisation --- multiple criteria --- multi-objective ranking --- environmental awareness --- machine learning --- random forest model --- structural equation modelling --- latent class analysis --- visitor mapping --- social–ecological systems --- cultural rural landscape --- protected areas --- rewilding --- rural socioeconomics --- forest expansion --- rural to urban land conversion --- biocultural heritage --- biodiversity --- naturalness --- land-cover change --- habitat quality --- InVEST --- ecosystem-based approach and assessment --- nature-based solution --- decision-making support --- national park management --- wildlife protection --- biodiversity conservation --- policy framework --- policy formulation --- China --- agricultural management --- amphibians --- beta diversity --- community ecology --- metacommunities --- constructed wetlands --- bats --- urban ecology --- long-term monitoring --- acoustics --- city parks --- community dynamics --- conservation evaluation --- at-risk species --- golden-winged warbler --- landowner incentives --- New England cottontail --- Natural Resources Conservation Service --- U.S. Department of Agriculture --- Working Lands for Wildlife --- camera-trapping --- conservation puma --- relative integrated anthropization index --- INRA --- South American grey fox --- habitat adaptability --- habitat model --- habitat selection --- habitat suitability --- use versus availability --- Maxent --- presence points --- GPS radio-collars --- anthropogenic variables --- species distribution models --- Spermophilus citellus --- maximum entropy modeling --- species distribution modeling --- climate change refugia --- urodela --- salamandridae --- caudata --- biosphere reserve --- habitat restoration --- species management --- life project --- activity patterns --- Lepus granatensis --- population decline --- niche --- Oryctolagus cuniculus --- roadside census --- predator–prey relationships --- spatio-temporal behavior --- abundance --- distance sampling --- population density --- R package --- wildlife survey --- uncertainty --- occupancy modeling --- road ecology --- n/a --- social-ecological systems --- predator-prey relationships