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Thromboembolism is a compelling challenge in cancer care because of its life-threatening nature as well as its impact on specific treatments. Current guidelines do not generally recommend antithrombotic prophylaxis, except in selected categories of patients at high risk of thrombosis. Accordingly, several clinical decision models have been developed to guide the oncologist in thromboembolic risk assessment and targeted prophylaxis. Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) are currently considered as the standard approach in clinical practice guidelines, but recent randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicate that direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are effective for the treatment/prophylaxis of cancer-associated thromboembolism. However, many unanswered questions remain on the efficacy and safety of anticoagulants in selected cancer subgroups, and in primary and secondary prevention settings, where anticoagulation needs to be balanced on the risk of bleeding complications. Presently, patient selection remains the main challenge. Improvement in existing VTE risk models or the construction of alternative risk assessment tools are needed in order to ameliorate the risk stratification of cancer patients. This reprint will cover the current clinical evidence supporting the standard of care and emerging treatment/prophylactic options for cancer-associated thromboembolism during both active treatment and simultaneous/palliative care. Tailored approaches based on the use of individualized factors to stratify the thrombotic/bleeding risk in each individual patient are discussed.

Medicine --- Oncology --- multiple myeloma --- venous thromboembolism --- risk assessment models --- thromboprophylaxis --- direct oral anticoagulants --- cancer-associated venous thromboembolism --- thrombosis --- pulmonary embolism --- neoplasms --- anticoagulants --- coumarins --- low molecular weight heparins --- cancer --- endogenous heparin --- heparanase --- heparan sulfate --- hospice --- palliative care units --- low molecular weight heparin --- deep vein thrombosis --- cancer associated thrombosis --- VTE --- malignancy --- direct oral anticoagulant --- pancreatic cancer --- low-molecular weight heparin --- survival --- coagulation activation --- locally advanced breast cancer --- prognostic model --- pCR --- treatment --- prophylaxis --- DOAC --- simultaneous care --- integrated care --- lymphoma --- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma --- Hodgkin lymphoma --- risk factors --- molecular subtype --- arterial thrombosis --- ALK --- ROS1 --- KRAS --- chemotherapy --- low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) --- VKA --- UFH --- DOACs --- n/a

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Thromboembolism is a compelling challenge in cancer care because of its life-threatening nature as well as its impact on specific treatments. Current guidelines do not generally recommend antithrombotic prophylaxis, except in selected categories of patients at high risk of thrombosis. Accordingly, several clinical decision models have been developed to guide the oncologist in thromboembolic risk assessment and targeted prophylaxis. Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) are currently considered as the standard approach in clinical practice guidelines, but recent randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicate that direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are effective for the treatment/prophylaxis of cancer-associated thromboembolism. However, many unanswered questions remain on the efficacy and safety of anticoagulants in selected cancer subgroups, and in primary and secondary prevention settings, where anticoagulation needs to be balanced on the risk of bleeding complications. Presently, patient selection remains the main challenge. Improvement in existing VTE risk models or the construction of alternative risk assessment tools are needed in order to ameliorate the risk stratification of cancer patients. This reprint will cover the current clinical evidence supporting the standard of care and emerging treatment/prophylactic options for cancer-associated thromboembolism during both active treatment and simultaneous/palliative care. Tailored approaches based on the use of individualized factors to stratify the thrombotic/bleeding risk in each individual patient are discussed.

Medicine --- Oncology --- multiple myeloma --- venous thromboembolism --- risk assessment models --- thromboprophylaxis --- direct oral anticoagulants --- cancer-associated venous thromboembolism --- thrombosis --- pulmonary embolism --- neoplasms --- anticoagulants --- coumarins --- low molecular weight heparins --- cancer --- endogenous heparin --- heparanase --- heparan sulfate --- hospice --- palliative care units --- low molecular weight heparin --- deep vein thrombosis --- cancer associated thrombosis --- VTE --- malignancy --- direct oral anticoagulant --- pancreatic cancer --- low-molecular weight heparin --- survival --- coagulation activation --- locally advanced breast cancer --- prognostic model --- pCR --- treatment --- prophylaxis --- DOAC --- simultaneous care --- integrated care --- lymphoma --- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma --- Hodgkin lymphoma --- risk factors --- molecular subtype --- arterial thrombosis --- ALK --- ROS1 --- KRAS --- chemotherapy --- low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) --- VKA --- UFH --- DOACs --- multiple myeloma --- venous thromboembolism --- risk assessment models --- thromboprophylaxis --- direct oral anticoagulants --- cancer-associated venous thromboembolism --- thrombosis --- pulmonary embolism --- neoplasms --- anticoagulants --- coumarins --- low molecular weight heparins --- cancer --- endogenous heparin --- heparanase --- heparan sulfate --- hospice --- palliative care units --- low molecular weight heparin --- deep vein thrombosis --- cancer associated thrombosis --- VTE --- malignancy --- direct oral anticoagulant --- pancreatic cancer --- low-molecular weight heparin --- survival --- coagulation activation --- locally advanced breast cancer --- prognostic model --- pCR --- treatment --- prophylaxis --- DOAC --- simultaneous care --- integrated care --- lymphoma --- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma --- Hodgkin lymphoma --- risk factors --- molecular subtype --- arterial thrombosis --- ALK --- ROS1 --- KRAS --- chemotherapy --- low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) --- VKA --- UFH --- DOACs

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This reprint reports on new advances in basic and applied research of soil pollution and remediation. A list of contaminants are targeted, including toxic metal(loid)s (e.g., Pb, As, Sb, and multi-metals), organic contaminants (e.g., organochlorine pesticides, phenanthrene, and petroleum), and antibiotics (e.g., sulfadiazine). The occurrence, environmental behaviors, and risks of these contaminants are explored. Special attention is devoted to techniques for the remediation of polluted soils, such as stabilization/solidification, photocatalytic degradation, and thermal desorption. This reprint provides new insights into soil pollution and remediation.

Research & information: general --- Environmental economics --- Pollution control --- miyun reservoir --- pollution assessment --- binary mixing model --- source appointment --- illegal use --- non-point source pollution --- agricultural use --- veterinary use --- Three Gorges --- sulfadiazine --- Cu2+ co-existence --- paddy soils --- adsorption --- soil properties --- β-CD modified BC --- stabilization/solidification --- response surface methodology --- synchronous adsorption investigations --- PHe --- primary explosives site --- heavy metal contamination --- antimony --- co-occurring metal --- Fe–Al-based amendment --- immobilization --- heavy metals --- input flux --- source --- management --- garland chrysanthemum --- lettuce --- antioxidant defense enzymes --- GSH --- PCs --- comprehensive evaluation method --- contaminated soil --- ex situ thermal desorption --- environmental impact --- resource utilization --- low-molecular-weight organic acid salts --- phosphate --- arsenic-contaminated soil --- microorganisms --- nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) --- biochar --- photocatalysis --- synergy --- TPH --- soil --- n/a --- Fe-Al-based amendment

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This Special Issue entitled “β-glucan in foods and health benefits” reports on the health benefits of indigestible carbohydrates with respect to metabolic diseases and immune functions. The effects of β-glucan have been investigated through the use isolated preparations or natural dietary fibers from whole grain cereals and brans, yeasts, or Euglena. This Special Issue includes original research articles that are based on human intervention studies that address the effects of β-glucan on metabolic diseases and immune function-related markers as well as in vitro and in vivo studies. It also reviews the health benefits of β-glucans in humans.

humans --- oat β-glucan --- acute glycemic response --- dietary fiber --- preload --- carbohydrates --- β-1,3-glucan --- Euglena gracilis --- Ca2+ signaling --- intestinal epithelial cell --- intravital imaging --- small intestine --- immune system --- barley --- β-glucan --- microarray --- short chain fatty acids --- lipid metabolism. --- low molecular weight --- fermentation --- prebiotics --- Autreobasidium pullulans --- β-1,3-1,6-glucan --- physiological function --- oat beta-glucan --- colitis --- Crohn’s disease --- apoptosis --- autophagy --- TLRs --- Dectin-1 --- rats --- L cell --- glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) --- glucose tolerance --- short-chain fatty acids --- sIgA --- microbiota --- randomized clinical trial --- symptoms --- gastrointestinal tract --- musculo-skeletal system --- oats --- oatmeal --- beta-glucan --- beta glucan --- health claim --- regulation --- food-health relationship --- gastritis --- inflammatory process --- antioxidant properties --- paramylon --- abdominal fat --- DNA microarray --- gene ontology --- PPAR signaling --- n/a --- Crohn's disease

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Derivatization is one of the most widely used sample pretreatment techniques in Analytical Chemistry and Chemical Analysis. Reagent-based or reagent-less schemes offer improved detectability of target compounds, modification of the chromatographic properties and/or the stabilization of sensitive compounds until analysis. Either coupled with separation techniques or as a “stand alone” analytical procedure, derivatization offers endless possibilities in all aspects of analytical applications.

Research & information: general --- Chemistry --- Analytical chemistry --- tyrosine kinase inhibitors --- chloranilic acid --- charge-transfer reaction --- 96-microwell spectrophotometric assay --- high-throughput pharmaceutical analysis --- biogenic amines --- Lycium barbarum L. --- HPLC --- derivatization --- amino acids --- esterification --- GC–MS --- pentafluoropropionic anhydride --- stability --- toluene --- pigment --- linseed oil --- derivatisation --- quantification --- P/S ratio --- A/P ratio --- ∑D --- GC-MS --- ureide --- BSTFA --- creatine --- creatinine --- silylation --- TMS --- validation --- low-molecular-weight thiols --- human serum albumin --- α-lipoic acid --- blood plasma --- monobromobimane --- reduction --- sodium borohydride --- high-performance liquid chromatography --- fluorescence detection --- taurine --- glutamine --- clams --- high-resolution mass spectrometry --- nerve agents --- methylation --- chemical warfare agents --- sarin --- Novichoks --- 2-naphthalenethiol --- sulforaphane --- HPLC-UV/Vis --- pharmacokinetics --- acetonitrile-related adducts --- acetylenic lipids --- double and triple bond localization --- in-source derivatization --- mass spectrometry --- acetazolamide --- carbonic anhydrase --- enhancement --- inhibition --- pentafluorobenzyl bromide --- chiral metabolomics --- rice water --- d-amino acids --- enantiomer separation --- dimethyl labeling --- homocysteine thiolactone --- homocysteine --- zone fluidics --- o-phthalaldehyde --- fluorosurfactant-modified gold nanoparticles --- tyrosine kinase inhibitors --- chloranilic acid --- charge-transfer reaction --- 96-microwell spectrophotometric assay --- high-throughput pharmaceutical analysis --- biogenic amines --- Lycium barbarum L. --- HPLC --- derivatization --- amino acids --- esterification --- GC–MS --- pentafluoropropionic anhydride --- stability --- toluene --- pigment --- linseed oil --- derivatisation --- quantification --- P/S ratio --- A/P ratio --- ∑D --- GC-MS --- ureide --- BSTFA --- creatine --- creatinine --- silylation --- TMS --- validation --- low-molecular-weight thiols --- human serum albumin --- α-lipoic acid --- blood plasma --- monobromobimane --- reduction --- sodium borohydride --- high-performance liquid chromatography --- fluorescence detection --- taurine --- glutamine --- clams --- high-resolution mass spectrometry --- nerve agents --- methylation --- chemical warfare agents --- sarin --- Novichoks --- 2-naphthalenethiol --- sulforaphane --- HPLC-UV/Vis --- pharmacokinetics --- acetonitrile-related adducts --- acetylenic lipids --- double and triple bond localization --- in-source derivatization --- mass spectrometry --- acetazolamide --- carbonic anhydrase --- enhancement --- inhibition --- pentafluorobenzyl bromide --- chiral metabolomics --- rice water --- d-amino acids --- enantiomer separation --- dimethyl labeling --- homocysteine thiolactone --- homocysteine --- zone fluidics --- o-phthalaldehyde --- fluorosurfactant-modified gold nanoparticles