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Tight junctions (Cell biology) --- Life sciences. --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Junctions, Tight (Cell biology) --- Pentilaminar junctions (Cell biology) --- Zonula occludens --- Cell junctions --- Junctional complexes (Epithelium)

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Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are population-based global optimizers, which, due to their characteristics, have allowed us to solve, in a straightforward way, many real world optimization problems in the last three decades, particularly in engineering fields. Their main advantages are the following: they do not require any requisite to the objective/fitness evaluation function (continuity, derivability, convexity, etc.); they are not limited by the appearance of discrete and/or mixed variables or by the requirement of uncertainty quantification in the search. Moreover, they can deal with more than one objective function simultaneously through the use of evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithms. This set of advantages, and the continuously increased computing capability of modern computers, has enhanced their application in research and industry. From the application point of view, in this Special Issue, all engineering fields are welcomed, such as aerospace and aeronautical, biomedical, civil, chemical and materials science, electronic and telecommunications, energy and electrical, manufacturing, logistics and transportation, mechanical, naval architecture, reliability, robotics, structural, etc. Within the EA field, the integration of innovative and improvement aspects in the algorithms for solving real world engineering design problems, in the abovementioned application fields, are welcomed and encouraged, such as the following: parallel EAs, surrogate modelling, hybridization with other optimization techniques, multi-objective and many-objective optimization, etc.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Automatic Voltage Regulation system --- Chaotic optimization --- Fractional Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller --- Yellow Saddle Goatfish Algorithm --- two-stage method --- mono and multi-objective optimization --- multi-objective optimization --- optimal design --- Gough–Stewart --- parallel manipulator --- performance metrics --- diversity control --- genetic algorithm --- bankruptcy problem --- classification --- T-junctions --- neural networks --- finite elements analysis --- surrogate --- beam improvements --- beam T-junctions models --- artificial neural networks (ANN) limited training data --- multi-objective decision-making --- Pareto front --- preference in multi-objective optimization --- aeroacoustics --- trailing-edge noise --- global optimization --- evolutionary algorithms --- nearly optimal solutions --- archiving strategy --- evolutionary algorithm --- non-linear parametric identification --- multi-objective evolutionary algorithms --- availability --- design --- preventive maintenance scheduling --- encoding --- accuracy levels --- plastics thermoforming --- sheet thickness distribution --- evolutionary optimization --- genetic programming --- control --- differential evolution --- reusable launch vehicle --- quality control --- roughness measurement --- machine vision --- machine learning --- parameter optimization --- distance-based --- mutation-selection --- real application --- experimental study --- global optimisation --- worst-case scenario --- robust --- min-max optimization --- optimal control --- multi-objective optimisation --- robust design --- trajectory optimisation --- uncertainty quantification --- unscented transformation --- spaceplanes --- space systems --- launchers

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Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are population-based global optimizers, which, due to their characteristics, have allowed us to solve, in a straightforward way, many real world optimization problems in the last three decades, particularly in engineering fields. Their main advantages are the following: they do not require any requisite to the objective/fitness evaluation function (continuity, derivability, convexity, etc.); they are not limited by the appearance of discrete and/or mixed variables or by the requirement of uncertainty quantification in the search. Moreover, they can deal with more than one objective function simultaneously through the use of evolutionary multi-objective optimization algorithms. This set of advantages, and the continuously increased computing capability of modern computers, has enhanced their application in research and industry. From the application point of view, in this Special Issue, all engineering fields are welcomed, such as aerospace and aeronautical, biomedical, civil, chemical and materials science, electronic and telecommunications, energy and electrical, manufacturing, logistics and transportation, mechanical, naval architecture, reliability, robotics, structural, etc. Within the EA field, the integration of innovative and improvement aspects in the algorithms for solving real world engineering design problems, in the abovementioned application fields, are welcomed and encouraged, such as the following: parallel EAs, surrogate modelling, hybridization with other optimization techniques, multi-objective and many-objective optimization, etc.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- Automatic Voltage Regulation system --- Chaotic optimization --- Fractional Order Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller --- Yellow Saddle Goatfish Algorithm --- two-stage method --- mono and multi-objective optimization --- multi-objective optimization --- optimal design --- Gough–Stewart --- parallel manipulator --- performance metrics --- diversity control --- genetic algorithm --- bankruptcy problem --- classification --- T-junctions --- neural networks --- finite elements analysis --- surrogate --- beam improvements --- beam T-junctions models --- artificial neural networks (ANN) limited training data --- multi-objective decision-making --- Pareto front --- preference in multi-objective optimization --- aeroacoustics --- trailing-edge noise --- global optimization --- evolutionary algorithms --- nearly optimal solutions --- archiving strategy --- evolutionary algorithm --- non-linear parametric identification --- multi-objective evolutionary algorithms --- availability --- design --- preventive maintenance scheduling --- encoding --- accuracy levels --- plastics thermoforming --- sheet thickness distribution --- evolutionary optimization --- genetic programming --- control --- differential evolution --- reusable launch vehicle --- quality control --- roughness measurement --- machine vision --- machine learning --- parameter optimization --- distance-based --- mutation-selection --- real application --- experimental study --- global optimisation --- worst-case scenario --- robust --- min-max optimization --- optimal control --- multi-objective optimisation --- robust design --- trajectory optimisation --- uncertainty quantification --- unscented transformation --- spaceplanes --- space systems --- launchers

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Fluid interfaces are promising candidates for confining different types of materials - e.g., polymers, surfactants, colloids, and even small molecules - and for designing new functional materials with reduced dimensionality. The development of such materials requires a deepening of the Physico-chemical bases underlying the formation of layers at fluid interfaces, as well as on the characterization of their structures and properties. This is of particular importance because the constraints associated with the assembly of materials at the interface lead to the emergence of equilibrium and dynamics features in the interfacial systems, which are far from those conventionally found in the traditional materials. This Special Issue is devoted to studies on fundamental and applied aspects of fluid interfaces, trying to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current status of the research field.

Technology: general issues --- thermal radiations --- magnetic field --- Carreau fluid --- stretching/shrinking surface --- Hall effect --- nonlinear radiations --- HAM --- desulfurization wastewater evaporation technology --- evaporation performance --- orthogonal test --- simulation --- spray coating --- coating film formation --- leveling of coating surface --- fluorescence method --- visualization --- ferromagnetic --- nanofluid --- bioconvection --- porous medium --- heat suction/injection --- magnetic dipole --- liquid-infused surfaces --- durability --- lubricants --- wetting --- liquid-repellent coatings --- annealed Co40Fe40W20 thin films --- magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) --- X-ray diffraction (XRD) --- contact angle --- surface energy --- nanomechanical properties --- Prandtl nanofluid flow --- convectively heated surface --- stochastic intelligent technique --- Levenberg Marquardt method --- backpropagated network --- artificial neural network --- Adam numerical solver --- surface hydrophilicity --- graphene --- ice formation --- clearance --- molecular dynamic simulation --- dynamics --- fluid interfaces --- inhalation --- lung surfactant --- nanoparticles --- pollutants --- rheology --- emulsion --- droplet size --- microscopy-assisted --- image analysis --- laser diffraction --- turbidity --- viscosity --- Ree-Eyring nanofluid --- viscous dissipation --- Cattaneo-Christov model --- Koo-Kleinstreuer model --- chemical reaction --- heat transfer --- stretching cylinder --- nonlinear radiation --- Powell–Eyring --- Darcy–Forchheimer --- n/a --- Powell-Eyring --- Darcy-Forchheimer

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Fluid interfaces are promising candidates for confining different types of materials - e.g., polymers, surfactants, colloids, and even small molecules - and for designing new functional materials with reduced dimensionality. The development of such materials requires a deepening of the Physico-chemical bases underlying the formation of layers at fluid interfaces, as well as on the characterization of their structures and properties. This is of particular importance because the constraints associated with the assembly of materials at the interface lead to the emergence of equilibrium and dynamics features in the interfacial systems, which are far from those conventionally found in the traditional materials. This Special Issue is devoted to studies on fundamental and applied aspects of fluid interfaces, trying to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current status of the research field.

Technology: general issues --- thermal radiations --- magnetic field --- Carreau fluid --- stretching/shrinking surface --- Hall effect --- nonlinear radiations --- HAM --- desulfurization wastewater evaporation technology --- evaporation performance --- orthogonal test --- simulation --- spray coating --- coating film formation --- leveling of coating surface --- fluorescence method --- visualization --- ferromagnetic --- nanofluid --- bioconvection --- porous medium --- heat suction/injection --- magnetic dipole --- liquid-infused surfaces --- durability --- lubricants --- wetting --- liquid-repellent coatings --- annealed Co40Fe40W20 thin films --- magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) --- X-ray diffraction (XRD) --- contact angle --- surface energy --- nanomechanical properties --- Prandtl nanofluid flow --- convectively heated surface --- stochastic intelligent technique --- Levenberg Marquardt method --- backpropagated network --- artificial neural network --- Adam numerical solver --- surface hydrophilicity --- graphene --- ice formation --- clearance --- molecular dynamic simulation --- dynamics --- fluid interfaces --- inhalation --- lung surfactant --- nanoparticles --- pollutants --- rheology --- emulsion --- droplet size --- microscopy-assisted --- image analysis --- laser diffraction --- turbidity --- viscosity --- Ree-Eyring nanofluid --- viscous dissipation --- Cattaneo-Christov model --- Koo-Kleinstreuer model --- chemical reaction --- heat transfer --- stretching cylinder --- nonlinear radiation --- Powell-Eyring --- Darcy-Forchheimer