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The monograph focuses on the interrelations between language and intercultural communication, with particular emphasis on the importance of foreign language skills in shaping positive personal, professional and educational experiences of students during longer stays abroad, mainly within the Erasmus+ programme. The authors present a critical perspective on the understanding of the role of English as a lingua franca in intercultural relations and highlight the key role of the local language (in this case, Polish) in the processes of conversational control and social integration. The monograph begins with a literature review that focuses on the types of motivations underlying the decision to go or stay abroad and invest in learning the local language. In the next chapter, the authors focus on methodological aspects of narrative research in the context of intercultural communication. The theoretical part is followed by the presentation of the findings of a study based on a narrative interview, which over the course of two years (2018–2019) involved 53 respondents – representatives of 24 countries, who share the experience of an extended stay in Poland for educational or professional purposes. Contrary to popular belief, the research revealed that English is not sufficient to function abroad successfully. The results indicate that people who decide to stay abroad for a longer period should invest in learning the local language, which sooner or later becomes a medium of deep intercultural communication in terms of positioning themselves, building relationships and increasing their cultural and linguistic resources.

Intercultural communication. --- International education. --- Social integration.

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Internationalism --- Peace --- History --- Study and teaching. --- Turkey --- Intellectual cooperation --- International cooperation --- Cosmopolitanism --- International education --- Nationalism

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The Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ANUBiH) continuously monitors and studies the development of science and the state of the innovation system in the country. The latest contribution to this process is the international conference “Science System - a Factor of Stimulation or Limitation in Development”, organized by the Department of Social Sciences. Data from statistical institutes in Bosnia and Herzegovina, all available international studies and analyses, answers of Bosnia and Herzegovina to primary and supplementary questions on science from Chapter 25 of the European Commission, medium-term development plans of various levels of state organization and ANUBiH research results, including the latest “Harmonization of the Science System in Bosnia and Herzegovina”, show that scientific research and technological-development work in Bosnia and Herzegovina are stagnating in the absolute sense, and regressing in relative sense. The title of the conference is based on this conclusion. Our studies confirm that the main reasons for the unsatisfactory state of science and technological development in Bosnia and Herzegovina are the absolutely insufficient funding, and a polycentric and atrophied innovation system.

Educational exchanges. --- Foreign study. --- Intercultural communication. --- International education. --- Multilingualism. --- Social integration. --- Students, Foreign Attitudes.

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Over the past three decades, the population of international students throughout the world has steadily increased. Although university students choose to study in locations other than their home country for a variety of reasons, including professional development and disciplinary training, nearly all education abroad programs have intercultural learning as a central goal. In this Element, perspectives derived from cross-cultural psychological research are applied to an investigation of the effectiveness of study abroad as a mechanism for intercultural learning. Effectiveness is broadly defined and includes not only overall favorable program outcomes, such as gains in intercultural skills, knowledge, attitudes, and awareness, but also a recognition that study abroad experiences and outcomes may vary depending upon participants' diverse and intersectional identities. Best practices for facilitating intercultural learning through study abroad are identified and strategies are outlined for addressing the methodological challenges of research in this area.

Foreign study. --- International education. --- Education --- Intellectual cooperation --- Internationalism --- Global education --- Students, Foreign --- International study --- Study abroad --- Studying abroad

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This open access book explores the agenda of education policies in the 21st century. In the first part of the book, education is handled from a historical and political framework, and the effects of the change of states and policies on education are examined. In the second part, the effects of changes in the economy on education policies and economies’ demands from educational institutions are examined. In the last section, current policies in the international education sector, which is growing day by day as a result of increasing globalization and internationalization, are examined and future trends are tried to be revealed. In articles written by academics from different universities all over the world, the topics are presented in a comparative perspective.

Central government policies --- Higher & further education, tertiary education --- Education --- Economics --- Education Policies --- International Education --- Global Education --- Cultural Diplomacy --- Education Finance --- Political Economy --- New Trends in Education Systems