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A potential crisis in human fertility is brewing. As societies become more affluent, they experience changes that have a dramatic impact on reproduction. As average family sizes fall, the selection pressure for high-fertility genes decreases; exacerbated by the IVF industry which allows infertility-linked genes to pass into the next generation. Male fertility rates are low, for many reasons including genetics and exposure to environmental toxins. So, a perfect storm of factors is contriving to drive fertility rates down at unprecedented rates. If we do not recognize the reality of our situation and react accordingly, an uncontrollable decline in population numbers is likely, which we'll be unable to reverse. This book will address, in a unique and multi-faceted way, how the consequences of modern life affects fertility, so that we can consider behavioural, social, medical and environmental changes which could reduce the severity of what is about to come.

Infertility. --- Reproductive technology. --- Fertilization in vitro. --- Infertility, Female. --- Infertility, Male.

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"Ovarian stimulation aims at the development of one or more of the ovarian follicles to reach the stage of maturity culminating in the release of one or more mature oocytes ready for fertilization. Ovarian follicular development is under the control of local factors inside the ovaries (most of it is poorly understood), as well as hormones produced from extraovarian sources, mainly pituitary gonadotropins. Other hormones may play a role in ovarian follicular development; the extent and details of such a role are not fully understood"--

Ovulation --- Infertility --- Ovulation Induction --- Fertilization in Vitro --- MEDICAL / Gynecology & Obstetrics --- Induction --- Treatment. --- methods --- therapy

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"A provocative examination of reproductive technologies that questions our understanding of fertility, motherhood, and the female body Since the world's first test-tube baby was born in 1978, in vitro fertilization has made the unimaginable possible for millions of people. Yet today, the revolutionary potential of babies in bottles remains unrealized. Fertility centers continue to reinforce conservative norms of motherhood and family, and infertility remains a deeply emotional experience many women are reluctant to discuss. In this vivid and incisive personal and cultural history, Jenni Quilter explores what it is like to be one of those women, both the site of a bold experiment and a potential mother caught between fearing and yearning. Quilter observes her own experience with the eye of a critic, recounting the pleasures and pains of objectification: how medicine mediates between women and their bodies, how marketing redefines pregnancy and early parenthood as a set of products, how we celebrate the "natural" and denigrate the artificial. With nuance, empathy, and a fierce intellect, Quilter asks urgent questions about what it means to desire a child and how much freedom reproductive technologies actually offer. Her writing embraces the complexities of motherhood and the humanity of IVF: the waiting rooms, the message boards, and the genetic permutations-egg donation, sperm donation, embryo donation-of what a thoroughly modern family might mean"--

Infertility --- Women college teachers --- Fertilization in vitro, Human --- Pregnancy --- Reproductive technology --- Patients --- History --- Quilter, Jenni,

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Le lin oléagineux (Linum usitatissimum L.) est une culture aux multiples débouchés (industrie, alimentation humaine et animale, …). Cependant, elle est peu cultivée en Belgique. Les références techniques sur le sujet sont peu nombreuses.
Afin de mieux conseiller les agriculteurs et les autres parties prenantes sur la culture du lin oléagineux d’hiver en Belgique, des essais ont été menés en micro-parcelles à Lonzée (Belgique). Ceux-ci portaient sur l’évaluation de dix variétés, de six modalités de fertilisation azotée et de cinq modalités de désherbage. Le but était d’étudier différents éléments de l’itinéraire cultural afin de les optimiser.
L’essai variétal a permis de mettre en avant diverses corrélations entre les variables mesurées (densité, symptômes foliaires, rendement, …). Par la suite, quatre groupes distincts de variétés ont pu être différenciés. Chacun de ceux-ci est caractérisé par des critères propres. Cette analyse permet de distinguer les variétés les plus adaptées au territoire belge.
L’essai sur la fertilisation a confirmé que la culture de lin oléagineux est peu demandeuse en intrant azoté. Un faible apport en azote de l’ordre de 50 kgN/ha a permis de se différencier en termes de rendement de la modalité non fertilisée tout en étant non significativement différent de la modalité à 110 kgN/ha. Ces conclusions sont cependant très dépendantes des conditions climatiques annuelles.
L’essai sur le désherbage a pu démontrer l’efficacité du désherbage chimique et mixte (mécanique et chimique) en culture de lin oléagineux d’hiver. Il a aussi mis en avant les limites du désherbage mécanique.
De nombreuses études sont encore à mener sur le sujet afin de tirer des conclusions pertinentes à long terme. Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is a numerous outlets crop (industry, human and animals feeding, …). However, it is not much cultivated in Belgium. Technical references on this subject are few.
In order to advise farmers and other stakeholders on winter linseed in Belgium, trials on micro-plots were established in Lonzée (Belgium). Those trials studied ten varieties, six nitrogen fertilization modalities and five weeding modalities. The goal was to study different elements of the cultural itinerary to be able to optimize them.
The varieties trial enabled to highlight different correlations between measured variables (density, foliar symptoms, yield…). Afterwards, four distinct groups of varieties were differentiated. Each of these is characterised by its own characteristics. This analysis allows to distinguish varieties which are the most suitable for the Belgian territory.
The fertilization trial confirmed that linseed crop needs little nitrogen fertilization. A little nitrogen input like 50 kgN/ha enabled to distinguished in terms of yield from unfertilized modality. Little nitrogen input wasn’t significantly different from 110 kgN/ha modality. These conclusions are however dependant to annual climate conditions.
The weeding trial highlighted the efficiency of chemical weeding and mixed weeding in winter linseed crop. This trial also showed the limits of mechanical weeding.
Many studies are still to be carried out on this subject to draw relevant conclusions in the long- term.

Linum usitatissimum --- lin oléagineux --- variété --- fertilisation --- désherbage --- Linum usitatissimum --- linseed --- variety --- fertilization --- weeding --- Sciences du vivant > Agriculture & agronomie --- Sciences du vivant > Biologie végétale (sciences végétales, sylviculture, mycologie...)

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This book presents the latest advances in assisted reproductive technologies applied to ruminants, such as multiovulation, artificial insemination, embryo transfer, and in vitro fertilization (IVF), which have been useful tools to accelerate the genetic progress in these species. The reader will find detailed studies on bisons, bovines, and goats

sperm viability --- embryo production --- fertilization --- blastocyst --- caprine --- COC --- IVF --- IVP --- IVEP --- oocyte competence --- photoperiod --- reproductive efficiency --- season --- seasonal breeder --- HSP70 --- heat stress --- in vitro embryos --- gene expression --- cattle --- Holstein --- Mediterranean Water Buffalo --- in vitro embryo production --- laparoscopic ovum pickup --- accelerated genetic gain --- prepubertal --- embryo development --- wisent --- European bison --- oocytes --- sperm --- embryos --- embryo transfer --- germplasm bank --- threatened species