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This book encapsulates current information about the science behind solar energy and the solar thermal systems available to meet domestic needs. Several scholars have contributed to the chapters in the text in an effort to distill research-oriented topics for learners. The book starts with an explainer on the fundamentals of thermodynamics, heat transfer and solar energy in the first 2 chapters. The basics of some solar thermal devices along with their thermal modeling are covered in the next few chapters, along with solar distillation systems. This is followed by information about the design, development and applications of solar cookers along with their thermal modeling. Thermal modeling of semi-transparent PVT systems and their applications are discussed in Chapter 9. Chapter 10 covers the development in solar photovoltaic technology. Chapter 11 and Chapter 12 discusses thermal modeling of greenhouse solar dryers and presents a case study on a hybrid active greenhouse solar dryer. Chapter 13 covers the thermal analysis of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) air heaters employing thermoelectric modules (TEM). The applications of various solar systems in building sectors and the development in this field are covered in Chapter 14. Chapter 15 deals with energy and environ- economics analysis of bio-gas integrated semi-transparent photo-voltaic thermal (Bi-iSPVT) systems for Indian climates. The book has a broad scope and is intended as a resource for students, researchers and teachers in universities, industries, and national and commercial laboratories to help learn the fundamentals and in-depth knowledge of thermal modeling and recent developments in solar heating systems.

Solar thermal energy.

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Materials --- Thermal properties. --- Thermophysical properties

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The intermittent nature of solar energy sources is the greatest challenge to the broad acceptance of this technology. The storage of thermal energy presents a workable option for addressing this issue. When it comes to the storage of thermal energy, latent heat storage units (LHSU) that make use of phase change materials (PCMs) are more desirable than sensible heat storage. In the context of a large increase in the demand for energy, PCMs are an essential class of thermal energy storage materials that contribute to the sustainable growth of both the economy and society. It stores large amounts of heat in the form of latent heat at a constant temperature. This promising technique has already been applied with great success in a variety of applications like solar appliances, buildings, battery thermal management, electronic cooling, waste heat recovery systems, textiles, and more. This book presents an in-depth discussion on PCMs, the current state of PCM technology, and a detailed description of their prospective applications.

Heat storage. --- Materials --- Thermal properties.

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The intermittent nature of solar energy sources is the greatest challenge to the broad acceptance of this technology. The storage of thermal energy presents a workable option for addressing this issue. When it comes to the storage of thermal energy, latent heat storage units (LHSU) that make use of phase change materials (PCMs) are more desirable than sensible heat storage. In the context of a large increase in the demand for energy, PCMs are an essential class of thermal energy storage materials that contribute to the sustainable growth of both the economy and society. It stores large amounts of heat in the form of latent heat at a constant temperature. This promising technique has already been applied with great success in a variety of applications like solar appliances, buildings, battery thermal management, electronic cooling, waste heat recovery systems, textiles, and more. This book presents an in-depth discussion on PCMs, the current state of PCM technology, and a detailed description of their prospective applications.

Heat storage. --- Materials --- Thermal properties.

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This volume of the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, Second Edition, describes technologies that actively convert solar radiation into useful heat in a temperature range from just above ambient up to more than 1,000ÀC. Applications cover a broad range of energy services such as space heating, cooking, domestic hot water supply, electrical power generation, and high temperature thermochemical processes. The major developments that have led to currently available technologies for solar thermal energy applications were initiated mainly after the first oil shock in 1973. Solar thermal energy is widely used already for heating purposes (water, space) in the "low" temperature range up to about 100°C employing mainly nonconcentrating collectors, whereas higher temperatures can be achieved with more sophisticated solar collector technologies. Temperatures over 200°C typically require concentrating solar radiation using mirror systems. Several different technologies are described in detail in this volume, including solar collector systems in the lower temperature range, the direct use of solar radiation for food processing, namely cooking and drying, the production of electricity through conversion of solar radiation first to heat, driving a mechanical conversion system coupled to an electric generator, the use of solar radiation to drive chemical processes, and many more.

Solar thermal energy. --- Solar thermal conversion --- Solar thermal power systems --- Solar thermal technology --- Thermodynamic conversion of solar energy --- Heat engineering --- Solar energy