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"Evolving across the previous four generations, wireless cellular technology has transformed the way in which people communicate and acquire information. This transformation has taken place gradually from the 90s to the first decade of the twenty-first century, with the first and second generation of cellular systems sup- porting mobile voice transmission, and the third and fourth generation enabling mobile Internet access. With its fourth generation (4G), wireless cellular technology has arguably completed an arc that was started by the work of Claude Shannon at the Bell Labs in the 40s. In his seminal 1948 paper, Shannon derived a theoretical upper bound on the amount of information that can be conveyed on a communication link between two end points. His proof was famously non-constructive, and hence it left open the problem of engineering efficient systems for the encoding and decoding of information at transmitter and receiver, respectively. The problem was essentially solved by the discovery of turbo and Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes and corresponding decoders, all of which are included in the 4G standard. As suggested by the discussion above, the path followed by the first four gener- ations of cellular technology was one inspired by the goal of reaching the Shannon limit for communication over point-to-point links. In the process, communica- tion engineers strived, and eventually succeeded, to design practical solutions that matched the theoretical results developed by Shannon. In contrast, the next generations of wireless systems, starting with the fifth (5G), face a new de- sign landscape that lacks the strong theoretical guiding principles of Shannon's analysis of point-to-point communications."--
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Le numérique est le plus souvent présenté sous un jour immatériel et cependant son empreinte écologique est de plus en plus prégnante. La fabrication et les usages du smartphone, qui matérialise les pratiques digitales pour le plus grand nombre, s'avèrent à la fois énergivores et impactant au plan environnemental et plus encore supposent l'exploitation d'enfants et de travailleurs pauvres pour l'extraction minière de terres rares, métaux et minerai le composant. A moyen terme, le smartphone dont la 5e génération s'impose aujourd'hui, semble destiné à devenir une "technologie zombie" (José Halloy) et peu durable. Géo-physiciens, artistes, philosophes, designers, sociologues, architectes et juristes partagent leurs savoirs et pratiques afin de fournir un ouvrage en français qui propose : (1) une vision d'ensemble de ses problématiques et tensions, (2) sur la base d'un ensemble de travaux théoriques, d'enquêtes ou de production artistiques / de design. Le tout avec un positionnement mélioriste qui cherche à dépasser un positivisme technologique béat et un pessimisme techno-critique simpliste.
Smartphones --- Aspect environnemental --- téléphonie mobile --- protection de l'environnement --- Cell phones - Environmental aspects --- Cell phones - Social aspects --- Environmental sociology --- Environmental aspects. --- Economic aspects. --- Cell phones
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"As 5G transforms mobile usage and services, network professionals will need to significantly evolve their transport network architectures towards greater sophistication and stronger integration with radio networks, and facilitate transition towards cloud-native 5G mobile core. Until now, however, most 5G guides have foregrounded RF/radio and mobile core innovations, not its implications for data networks. A Network Architects Guide to 5G fills the gap, giving network architects, designers, and engineers essential knowledge for designing and planning their own 5G networks. Drawing on decades of experience with global service providers and enterprise networks, the authors illuminate new and evolving network technologies necessary for building 5G-capable networks, such as segment routing, network slicing, timing and synchronization, edge computing, distributed data centers, integration with public cloud, and more. They explain how 5G blurs boundaries between mobile core, radio access, and transport, as well as the changes in the composition of a traditional cell site with the adoption of Open and Virtualized RAN resulting in a transition to mobile xHaul. Every chapter builds on earlier coverage, culminating in a big picture presentation of a complete 5G network design."
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