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"The state of humanity has always been in flux, but to be able to quantify any of these changes is a much more recent development. With today's data, there are a multitude of ways we could examine the nearly eight billion people on the planet. However, the clearest signals about society stem from data that is robust and far-reaching: Where do people live globally, and how is this changing? Where will tomorrow's consumers come from? Is wealth growing or shrinking, and is this happening equally? How does a rapidly aging population factor into all of this? In this chapter, we take a 10,000-foot view of society to help set the context for the rest of this book. The macro forces you are about to see are perpetually at work in the background, affecting almost every other signal and outcome you can imagine"--
Macrosociology. --- Economic forecasting. --- Signals and signaling.
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The objective of this thesis is to identify the determinants of the failure of Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs). ICOs are a new, innovative form of corporate financing: The company sells digital tokens to investors, who can then participate in the company's future development. Intermediaries like banks are no longer required. ICOs have been enjoying a lot of popularity lately. However, the market suffers from high uncertainty and asymmetric information. Therefore, further research is needed. Some studies have already analyzed the determinants of the success (esp. the amount raised) of ICOs. This thesis instead, aims to identify the determinants of failure. These are to be determined with multivariate data analysis. It is suggested to indicate the dependent variable of the failure of an ICO by the listing and/or the trading activity of its token on a secondary exchange.
ICO --- Initial Coin Offering --- Corporate Financing --- Crypto --- Signaling Theory --- Sciences économiques & de gestion > Comptabilité & audit
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This book offers a comprehensive review of collision avoidance techniques and safe trajectory planning for manned and unmanned ships, together with extensive information on how to develop and implement algorithms for applications in real-world settings. It describes the most relevant decision-support systems and guidance systems used in the control of marine craft, giving a special emphasis to autonomous vehicles, but also covering manned ones. Thanks to its good balance of theory and practice, and the inclusion of basic explanations of all essential concepts, this book fills an important gap in the literature of marine navigation, providing not only researchers and practitioners with a timely reference guide to safe trajectory planning, but also supporting students and newcomers to the field.
Collisions at sea --- Rule of the road at sea. --- Prevention. --- Merchant marine --- Signals and signaling --- Ships' lights --- Rules of the road at sea --- Maritime law --- Navigation --- Safety regulations --- Signaling
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Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the deadliest cancers worldwide, with patients presenting an overall 5-year survival lower than 15%. NSCLC is characterized by a multitude of tumor-promoting genetic alterations, such as mutations in KRAS, EGFR and TP53 genes. The high heterogeneity and plasticity of lung cancers is one of the main reasons for the failure of current treatment strategies. Importantly, genomic amplification of RICTOR frequently occurs in lung cancer. RICTOR is the defining component of mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). Moreover, RICTOR-dependent activation of mTORC2 is essential to support lung cancer cell survival and tumor growth in vivo. Despite high therapeutic potential, directly targeting mTORC2 activity in patients remains challenging. Therefore, targeting mTORC2-dependent liabilities may represent a better option for the development of anticancer treatments. Preliminary work from our lab and results from the literature have positioned mTORC2 signaling at the crossroad between translation and metabolism. Hence, deciphering the mechanisms linking mTORC2-dependent translation to the acquisition of specific metabolic liabilities will highlight new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of lung cancer. In this study, I focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms that sustain the rewiring of cancer cell metabolism in the clinically relevant context of RICTOR-overexpressing (RICTOR OE) lung cancer. Using several models, I first evidenced an active role for RICTOR/mTORC2 in the regulation of cancer associated mRNA translation. Preliminary data from the lab indicated that RICTOR silencing in human lung cancer cells was associated with a negative enrichment of hypoxia signatures. Therefore, I first assessed the expression of the different hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF-1α, HIF-2α and HIF-1β) in RICTOR-depleted lung cancer cells. Strikingly, I found that expression of the transcription factor HIF-1β was significantly and consistently decreased upon RICTOR silencing. Importantly, RICTOR-dependent modulation of HIF-1β expression occurred at protein level and was observed in multiple cancer cell lines, highlighting HIF-1β as a potential RICTOR-dependent translational target in lung cancer. Using pharmacological and genetic inhibition of mTOR signaling (RICTOR, RAPTOR and SIN1 siRNAs; mTOR, AKT and PKC inhibitors) I further showed that RICTOR controlled HIF-1β expression through an mTOR-PKC signaling axis, independently of AKT activity. Finally, I demonstrated that HIF-1β levels correlated with mTORC2 activation in vivo, in a mouse model of RICTOR OE. Taken together, my results highlight HIF-1β as a clinically relevant target and support targeting of hypoxia-mediated metabolism as a potential therapeutic approach for the treatment of lung cancer.
lung cancer --- mRNA translation --- metabolism --- mTORC2 --- RICTOR --- HIF1beta --- HIF-1β --- signaling pathways --- Sciences du vivant > Biochimie, biophysique & biologie moléculaire
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Dysregulation of Wnt signaling is known to be associated with various cancers. As such, identification of novel Wnt pathway targets in cancer and better characterization of already-known targets present exciting, emerging opportunities for cancer treatment. In this Special Issue, we feature papers which discuss the role of Wnt signaling and associated targets in cancer metabolism, tumor immune response, and tumor microenvironment. Papers discussing a range of Wnt-mediated cancers, including those of the colon, liver, pancreas, synovium, bladder, etc., are included.
Medicine --- Pharmacology --- Wnt signaling --- synovial sarcoma --- TNIK --- NCB-0846 --- MYC --- hepatitis B virus --- HBV --- cancer --- liver cancer --- β-catenin --- TCF/LEF --- pancreatic cancer --- pancreatic stellate cells --- CBP --- p300 --- pancreatitis --- fibrosis --- just-right signaling --- APC --- colorectal cancer --- RNA-binding proteins --- Musashi --- drug discovery --- Notch signaling --- cancer therapy --- fungi secondary metabolite derivative --- microenvironment --- Wnt --- AML --- drug target --- signaling --- colorectal --- porcupine --- R-spondin --- serrated --- immunotherapy --- wnt --- vitamin D --- colon cancer --- L1 --- Wnt target genes --- cell adhesion --- NF-κB --- invasion and metastasis --- cancer stem cells --- EMT --- Lgr5 --- Wnt/beta-catenin signaling --- angiogenesis --- anti-angiogenic therapy --- gastrointestinal cancers --- therapeutic targeting of Wnt signaling --- β-catenin paradox --- molecular targeting --- urothelial cancer --- immune checkpoint inhibitor --- immunotherapy resistance --- IBD --- colitis --- β-catenin mutations --- tumor metabolism --- tumor immunology --- molecular therapeutics --- precision medicine --- astrocytic brain tumors --- DKKs --- GSK3β --- Wnt signaling --- synovial sarcoma --- TNIK --- NCB-0846 --- MYC --- hepatitis B virus --- HBV --- cancer --- liver cancer --- β-catenin --- TCF/LEF --- pancreatic cancer --- pancreatic stellate cells --- CBP --- p300 --- pancreatitis --- fibrosis --- just-right signaling --- APC --- colorectal cancer --- RNA-binding proteins --- Musashi --- drug discovery --- Notch signaling --- cancer therapy --- fungi secondary metabolite derivative --- microenvironment --- Wnt --- AML --- drug target --- signaling --- colorectal --- porcupine --- R-spondin --- serrated --- immunotherapy --- wnt --- vitamin D --- colon cancer --- L1 --- Wnt target genes --- cell adhesion --- NF-κB --- invasion and metastasis --- cancer stem cells --- EMT --- Lgr5 --- Wnt/beta-catenin signaling --- angiogenesis --- anti-angiogenic therapy --- gastrointestinal cancers --- therapeutic targeting of Wnt signaling --- β-catenin paradox --- molecular targeting --- urothelial cancer --- immune checkpoint inhibitor --- immunotherapy resistance --- IBD --- colitis --- β-catenin mutations --- tumor metabolism --- tumor immunology --- molecular therapeutics --- precision medicine --- astrocytic brain tumors --- DKKs --- GSK3β
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Dysregulation of Wnt signaling is known to be associated with various cancers. As such, identification of novel Wnt pathway targets in cancer and better characterization of already-known targets present exciting, emerging opportunities for cancer treatment. In this Special Issue, we feature papers which discuss the role of Wnt signaling and associated targets in cancer metabolism, tumor immune response, and tumor microenvironment. Papers discussing a range of Wnt-mediated cancers, including those of the colon, liver, pancreas, synovium, bladder, etc., are included.
Wnt signaling --- synovial sarcoma --- TNIK --- NCB-0846 --- MYC --- hepatitis B virus --- HBV --- cancer --- liver cancer --- β-catenin --- TCF/LEF --- pancreatic cancer --- pancreatic stellate cells --- CBP --- p300 --- pancreatitis --- fibrosis --- just-right signaling --- APC --- colorectal cancer --- RNA-binding proteins --- Musashi --- drug discovery --- Notch signaling --- cancer therapy --- fungi secondary metabolite derivative --- microenvironment --- Wnt --- AML --- drug target --- signaling --- colorectal --- porcupine --- R-spondin --- serrated --- immunotherapy --- wnt --- vitamin D --- colon cancer --- L1 --- Wnt target genes --- cell adhesion --- NF-κB --- invasion and metastasis --- cancer stem cells --- EMT --- Lgr5 --- Wnt/beta-catenin signaling --- angiogenesis --- anti-angiogenic therapy --- gastrointestinal cancers --- therapeutic targeting of Wnt signaling --- β-catenin paradox --- molecular targeting --- urothelial cancer --- immune checkpoint inhibitor --- immunotherapy resistance --- IBD --- colitis --- β-catenin mutations --- tumor metabolism --- tumor immunology --- molecular therapeutics --- precision medicine --- astrocytic brain tumors --- DKKs --- GSK3β
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Gibberellins (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) are two phytohormones that regulate, in an antagonistic way, plant growth as well as several developmental processes from seed maturation and germination to flowering time, through hypocotyl elongation and root growth. In general, ABA and GA inhibit and promote, respectively, cell elongation and growth. Consequently, this mutual antagonism between GA and ABA governs many developmental decisions in plants.In addition to its role as a growth and development modulator, ABA is primarily known for being a major player in the response and adaptation of plants to diverse abiotic stress conditions, including cold, heat, drought, salinity or flooding. Remarkably, different works have also recently pointed to a function for GA in the control of some biological processes in response to stress.The selection of research and review papers of this book, mostly focused on ABA, covers a wide range of topics related to the most recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of ABA and GA functions in plants.
Picea wilsonii --- transcription factor --- PwNAC11 --- drought stress --- ABA signaling --- Arabidopsis --- GA signaling --- AGB1 --- MYB62 --- protein interaction --- ABA deficiency --- fruit dehydration --- gene expression --- hormone application --- Pinalate --- postharvest --- upstream open reading frame --- translation --- abscisic acid --- protein kinase WNK8 --- ABA --- drought --- metabolites --- signaling --- crop breeding --- carotenoid --- CCD --- NCED --- poplar --- gibberellin (GA) --- abscisic acid (ABA) --- seed development --- seed maturation --- alternative splicing --- abiotic stress responses --- plant development --- root and tuber crops --- stem/root tuber development --- GA --- gibberellic acid --- arabidopsis --- ABI5 --- ABI5-binding proteins (AFPs) --- DELLA proteins --- SLEEPY1 --- germination --- dormancy --- storage proteins --- n/a --- Research. --- Biology.
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