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Das kirchenhistorische Forschungsprojekt Germania Sacra an der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen publiziert neben seiner Hauptreihe auch die Unterreihe Studien zur Germania Sacra, Neue Folge. Die Reihe bietet Raum für Spezialuntersuchungen zu allen Institutionen der Kirche des Alten Reiches. Sie ergänzen damit die handbuchartigen Darstellungen der Hauptreihe. In der Studienreihe werden außerdem die Ergebnisse der wissenschaftlichen Tagungen der Germania Sacra veröffentlicht.

Catholic Church. --- Catholic Church --- Kölner Dom. --- History --- Bishops --- North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany) --- Church history --- Heinrich II, Bishop of Constance. --- Marchtal Premonstratensian monastery. --- medieval history.

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On the one hand, expectations of primary school teachers are high. On the other hand, a specific pedagogical professionalism of primary school teachers is doubted again and again. In fact, a compilation of requirements and competences that apply specifically to primary school teachers does not yet exist. While in the discourse on professional theory, challenges for and demands on the professionalism of secondary school teachers seem to be discussed and empirically developed, in the discourse on primary school pedagogy, methodological-didactic questions as well as structural framework conditions come into view, without grasping the consequences for the actions of primary school teachers and framing them in terms of professional theory. The aim of this volume is therefore to link the two discourses more closely and to look at the professionalisation of primary school teachers from different perspectives. Einerseits sind die Erwartungen an Grundschullehrkräfte hoch. Andererseits wird immer wieder eine spezifische pädagogische Professionalität von Grundschullehrkräften bezweifelt. Tatsächlich existiert eine Zusammenstellung von Anforderungen und Kompetenzen, die speziell für Grundschullehrkräfte gelten, bislang nicht. Während im professionstheoretischen Diskurs vorrangig Herausforderungen für und Anforderungen an die Professionalität von Lehrkräften der Sekundarstufe diskutiert und empirisch erschlossen zu werden scheinen, geraten im grundschulpädagogischen Diskurs methodisch- didaktische Fragen sowie strukturelle Rahmenbedingungen in den Blick, ohne dabei die Konsequenzen für das Handeln von Grundschullehrkräften zu fassen und professionstheoretisch zu rahmen. Ziel dieses Bandes ist es daher, die beiden Diskurse stärker miteinander zu verbinden und die Professionalisierung von Grundschullehrkräften aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven in den Blick zu nehmen.

Education --- Philosophy & theory of education --- Schools --- Professionalisierung; Lehrer; Lehrberuf; Lehramt; Lehramtsstudiengang; Lehrerausbildung; Primarbereich; Grundschule; Grundschulpädagogik; Pädagogisches Handeln; Professionalität; Kompetenz; Profession; Inklusion; Akademisierung; Disziplin ; Anforderung; Anerkennung; Berufswahl; Lehrerpersönlichkeit; Motivation; Schulform; Geschlechtsspezifischer Unterschied; Lehrerin; Frau; Geschlechterstereotyp; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal; Volksschule; Schulgeschichte; Historische Bildungsforschung; Geschichte ; Hochschullehre; Hochschuldidaktik; Deutschunterricht; Mathematikunterricht; Sachunterricht; Erziehungswissenschaft; Fachdidaktik; Sportunterricht; Grundschulalter; Vorbereitungsdienst; Schulpraktikum; Fortbildung; Kompetenzentwicklung; Wirksamkeit; Lehrerbildung; Digitalisierung; Selbstwirksamkeit; Schulleiter; Lehrermangel; Lehrerbedarf; Schülerzahl; Nordrhein-Westfalen; Deutschland; Österreich; Professionalization; Teacher; Apprenticeship trade; Teaching profession; Teaching post; Preservice Teacher Education; Teacher education; Teacher training; Primary education; Primary level; Elementary School; Primary school; Primary school lower level; Primary school education; Primary school pedagogics; Professionalism; Professionality; Competency; Inclusion; Academization; Career Choice; Occupational choice; Type of school; Gender-specific difference; Female teacher; Women Teachers; Woman; Women; Gender bias; Individual characteristics; Learner Characteristics; Personality characteristic; General compulsory school; History of schools; History; Higher education lecturing; University lecturing; University teaching; University didactics; German language teaching; Teaching of German; Mathematics lessons; Teaching of mathematics; Instruction in natural science subjects; Primary school science and social studies; Sciences of education; Specialized didactics; Subject didactics; Education in sports; Physical education; Physical training; Second phase of teacher training; Practical training in school; Practice period at school; Further education; Further training; Skill development; Teachers' training; Digitalization; Self efficacy; Headteacher; Headteachers; School head teacher; Teacher shortage; Demand for teachers; Number of pupils; North Rhine-Westphalia; North-Rhine Westphalia; Germany; Austria

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"What drives anti-immigrant bias-and how it can be mitigatedIn the aftermath of the refugee crisis caused by conflicts in the Middle East and an increase in migration to Europe, European nations have witnessed a surge in discrimination targeted at immigrant minorities. To quell these conflicts, some governments have resorted to the adoption of coercive assimilation polices aimed at erasing differences between natives and immigrants. Are these policies the best method for reducing hostilities? Native Bias challenges the premise of such regulations by making the case for a civic integration model, based on shared social ideas defining the concept and practice of citizenship.Drawing from original surveys, survey experiments, and novel field experiments, Donghyun Danny Choi, Mathias Poertner, and Nicholas Sambanis show that although prejudice against immigrants is often driven by differences in traits such as appearance and religious practice, the suppression of such differences does not constitute the only path to integration. Instead, the authors demonstrate that similarities in ideas and value systems can serve as the foundation for a common identity, based on a shared concept of citizenship, overcoming the perceived social distance between native and immigrants.Addressing one of the most pressing challenges of our time, Native Bias offers an original framework for understanding anti-immigrant discrimination and the processes through which it can be overcome"-- "As migration to Europe has increased, so too has discrimination again immigrant populations. Countries across the EU have supported and instituted policies to force assimilation as part of a larger regional fear that immigration from Muslim majority cultures, especially, will threaten Europeans' national identities and increase the risk of radicalization. The common wisdom has been that immigrants must change their appearance, their religion, or their language in an attempt to "pass" as members of the majority. Through a series of innovative field experiments, the authors show that assimilationist strategies are not the only or even the best way to reduce biases: rather, discrimination is reduced when immigrants and natives share social norms that define a common identity as citizens. The core of the empirical work was done in a series of extensive, multi-year experiments in Germany--an ideal site for this work given its large immigrant population and its clearly defined cultural norms. The work showed both what animated discriminatory attitudes (cultural differences, and religious differences in particular), how this animus played out in everyday interactions (a disinclination to offer assistance to immigrant minorities, and religious Muslim immigrants in particular), and what behaviors reduce discrimination. They find--going against much conventional and even scholarly wisdom--that immigrants speaking German face as much discrimination as those using a foreign language. On the other hand, immigrants that uphold social norms (anti-littering or a progressive attitude towards women, for instance) see decreased discrimination. Ultimately, the authors offer a meticulously researched picture of what modern discrimination looks like, how it can be reduced, and the continued burden that immigrants face"--

Immigrants --- Public opinion --- Germany --- Emigration and immigration --- Social aspects. --- Acculturation. --- Adjective. --- Affirmative action. --- Alice Schwarzer. --- Alliance 90. --- Angela Merkel. --- Attempt. --- Attractiveness. --- Average treatment effect. --- Awareness. --- Behavior. --- Bundestag. --- Census. --- Chancellor of Germany. --- Cleanliness. --- Clothing. --- Coefficient. --- Common ingroup identity. --- Controversy. --- Convenience. --- Cultural homogenization. --- Democracy. --- Difference in differences. --- Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. --- Doctorate. --- Duty. --- East Germany. --- Employment. --- Ethnolinguistics. --- Explanation. --- Far-right politics. --- Federal agency (Germany). --- Feminism. --- Field experiment. --- Finding. --- Gender equality. --- Gender identity. --- Gender role. --- Germans. --- Globalization. --- Group cohesiveness. --- Hijab. --- Human genome. --- Identity (social science). --- Immigration policy. --- Immigration. --- Indigenous peoples. --- Ingroups and outgroups. --- Interaction. --- Interpersonal ties. --- Intersectionality. --- Italian unification. --- Likert scale. --- Literature. --- Litter. --- Meta-analysis. --- Minority group. --- Modernity. --- Motivation. --- Multiculturalism. --- Muslim world. --- National identity. --- National myth. --- Nationality. --- Norm (social). --- North Rhine-Westphalia. --- Nucleotide. --- Observation. --- Opposition to immigration. --- Out-group homogeneity. --- Outgroup (cladistics). --- P-value. --- Party identification. --- Percentage point. --- Perception. --- Point estimation. --- Political science. --- Processing (programming language). --- Protein. --- Respondent. --- Result. --- Saudi Arabia. --- Self-report study. --- Singh. --- Social distance. --- Social group. --- Social order. --- Social preferences. --- Society. --- Statistical power. --- Statistical significance. --- Survey methodology. --- The Practice of Everyday Life. --- Thought. --- Video clip. --- Viewing (funeral). --- Waiver. --- West Germany. --- Women in Islam. --- World War II.