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This encyclopaedia of one of the major fields of language studies is a continuously updated source of state-of-the-art information for anyone interested in language use. The IPrA 'Handbook of Pragmatics' provides easy access - for scholars with widely divergent backgrounds but with convergent interests in the use and functioning of language - to the different topics, traditions and methods which together make up the field of Pragmatics, broadly conceived as the cognitive, social and cultural study of language and communication, i.e. the science of language use. The 'Handbook of Pragmatics' is a reference work for researchers, which has been expanded and updated continuously with annual installments since 1995.

Pragmatics. --- Pragmatique. --- Pragmatics --- Data processing.

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" Discourse-pragmatic markers are central to everyday language, yet many aspects of their use and functions remain elusive or under-investigated. Bringing together a global team of leading scholars, this volume presents a representative showcase of work currently being conducted in the field of discourse-pragmatic variation and change, including investigations of features such as uh/um, please, sentence-final is all, and discourse-pragmatic features from a number of languages. The book emphasizes that not only have researchers answered the call to address complex issues such as cross-linguistic reliability, extending research across languages, and expanding and improving on methods and analysis, but that they continue to address perennial questions in the field of language variation and change. With sections on theoretical and methodological issues, innovative variables, and language contact situations, the volume offers a robust overview of best practices for both new and experienced researchers"--

Dialectology --- Pragmatics --- Discourse markers. --- Pragmatics. --- Language and languages --- Languages in contact. --- Marqueurs du discours. --- Pragmatique. --- Variation (Linguistique). --- Langues en contact. --- pragmatics. --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Linguistics / Semantics. --- Variation.

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Le principal intérêt d'une analyse des croyances est tout d'abord la compréhension et l'explication des conduites - et, plus largement, des relations entre croyances et conduites. Sa principale difficulté pourrait être le caractère polysémique de la notion de croyance, mais l'auteur adopte ici la définition générique proposée par Raymond Boudon et nomme croyance « toute adhésion, plus ou moins forte, à des propositions tenues pour vraies, qu'elles soient positives ou axiologiques, vraies ou fausses, vérifiables ou non, et quelle que soit l'intensité de cette adhésion. » Il existe désormais des attitudes méthodologiques faisant l'hypothèse d'une continuité entre croyances avérées et croyances douteuses, voire objectivement fausses, qui permet de réintégrer la plupart de ces dernières dans le giron d'une forme de rationalisme et ainsi, de tenter de les expliquer. L'auteur aborde donc dans cet ouvrage l'ensemble des concepts et des méthodes utilisées dans le domaine de la sociologie des croyances. Il dresse un panorama sur les processus généraux qui conduisent les individus à les produire et à y adhérer. C'est donc le « croire » plus que le « cru » qui constitue l'objet de cette sociologie des croyances et de la foi.

Belief and doubt --- Faith. --- Faith and reason. --- Social aspects. --- religion --- croyances religieuses --- sociologie --- foi --- philosophie --- croyance --- Emmanuel Kant (1724-1804) --- modèle du choix rationnel (MCR) --- rationalité pragmatique --- croyances collectives --- postvérité --- épistémologie