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In Ecowomanism at the Panamá Canal, Sofia Betancourt constructs environmental ethics at the intersection of the global North and global South. Betancourt explores transnational environmental justice through the lived experience of women from the African Diaspora who migrated to Panamá to work on the Canal.

Women foreign workers. --- Foreign workers, West Indian. --- Women, Black. --- Ecofeminism. --- Panama Canal (Panama) --- History.

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Despite continuing challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic and new risks emanating from global uncertainties, a combination of sound policy measures and a resolute vaccination program have supported a gradual return to normality and underpin a rebound in economic activities. External imbalances remain contained, and fiscal consolidation is underway as the authorities are adhering to the fiscal rule, which ensures a declining path for the public debt to GDP ratio. While the outlook is favorable, it remains subject to elevated risks, including global uncertainties arising from the war in Ukraine, faster-than-expected US monetary tightening, tighter global financial conditions, higher crude oil prices, and new variants of the COVID-19 virus that may derail the recovery. Domestic risks include significant delays in implementing the FATF action plan to exit the grey list.

Money and Monetary Policy --- International Economics --- Public Finance --- Criminology --- Monetary Policy --- International Agreements and Observance --- International Organizations --- Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law --- National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General --- Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue: General --- Monetary economics --- International institutions --- Public finance & taxation --- Corporate crime --- white-collar crime --- Monetary policy --- International organization --- Anti-money laundering and combating the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) --- Crime --- Expenditure --- Public debt --- Credit --- Money --- Revenue administration --- International agencies --- Money laundering --- Expenditures, Public --- Debts, Public --- Revenue --- Panama

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"In 2015, an anonymous source leaked the so-called Panama Papers, 11.5 million documents detailing financial and attorney-client information and connecting over 140 ultra-wealthy individuals across 50 countries to offshore companies in 21 tax havens. Journalists and scholars have attempted to chart these complex networks in the wake of various scandals but have learned very little. The focus on high-profile cases of egregious theft leaves a shroud of uncertainty over the mechanics behind the invisible, mundane networks of people who facilitate illicit activities by conducting transactions across multiple sovereigns. Playing in the Gray focuses on the constant and quiet movement of money through offshore shell corporations, the primary motor of global capital. Hoang takes a deep-dive into the emerging markets of Vietnam and Myanmar. Over the course of two years, she travelled more than 350,000 miles to conduct ethnographic observations and interviews with 300 individuals who facilitate the movement of capital around the world. Her research subjects include private wealth managers, fund managers, chairpeople, local entrepreneurs, high-level executives, lawyers, bankers, auditors, and company secretaries, each playing an essential role in circulating concealed capital through global markets. She draws on this data to develop a new framework for understanding what she calls spiderweb capitalism, which she defines as a system that features a complex web of subsidiaries that are interconnected across multiple sovereigns and are virtually impossible to quantify. She argues that legal and illegal activity are in fact deeply connected in this web and provides an account of how financial elites make markets in the new globalized economy"--

Capitalists and financiers. --- Capitalism. --- Shell companies. --- Investments, Foreign. --- 1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal. --- Accountant. --- Accounting. --- Alice Goffman. --- Anti-imperialism. --- Asset management. --- Auditor. --- Back office. --- Bank run. --- Behalf. --- Black market. --- Bribery. --- Brokerage firm. --- Bureaucrat. --- Burmese Way to Socialism. --- Business class. --- Business ethics. --- Capital Allocation. --- Capital Injection. --- Cess. --- Chief investment officer. --- Competitive landscape. --- Construction permit. --- Corporate tax. --- Corruption. --- Crony capitalism. --- Cronyism. --- Deprivatization. --- Devolution. --- Donald Trump. --- Economic capital. --- Economic power. --- Economics. --- Employment. --- Equity Market. --- Expense. --- Family office. --- Finance. --- Financial crisis of 2007–08. --- Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act. --- Foreign direct investment. --- Fraud. --- Frontier markets. --- Gresham's law. --- Group of Eleven. --- Growth capital. --- Insider. --- Internal financing. --- International Consortium of Investigative Journalists. --- International business. --- Investment company. --- Investment fund. --- Investment protection. --- Investment. --- Investor. --- Jho Low. --- Joint venture. --- Joseph Schumpeter. --- Kleptocracy. --- Law firm. --- Lawyer. --- LinkedIn. --- Market maker. --- Military dictatorship. --- Myanmar. --- National wealth fund. --- New Frontier. --- Next Eleven. --- Offshore financial centre. --- Offshore investment. --- Offshoring. --- Panama Papers. --- Partnership. --- Plausible deniability. --- Private equity. --- Real estate (Second Life). --- Shell corporation. --- Southeast Asia. --- Stanley O'Neal. --- State actor. --- State bank. --- Structuring. --- Succession planning. --- Tax avoidance. --- Tax evasion. --- Tax haven. --- Tax holiday. --- Tax incidence. --- Tax shift. --- Tax. --- The Other Hand. --- The Power Elite. --- Theft. --- Trade secret. --- Trade war. --- Transfer pricing. --- United States embargoes. --- Wealth management. --- Your Money.