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Les gouvernements se sont engagés à offrir des données ouvertes à une période où l'économie numérique transforme la valeur des données. La technologie accroît la nature et le nombre des données recueillies par les gouvernements, transformant la signification des données gouvernementales ouvertes et de manière à rendre sa pratique plus complexe. Dans ce contexte en évolution, cet ouvrage examine l'avenir des données ouvertes.

Open Data Protocol. --- Electronic government information.

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This book is a comprehensive and accessible guide to creating accurate, consistent, complete, user-centred and quality metadata that supports the user tasks of finding, identifying, selecting, obtaining and exploring information resources. Based on the author's many years of academic research and work as a cataloguing and metadata librarian, it shows readers how they can configure, create, enhance and enrich their metadata for print and digital resources. The book applies examples using MARC21, RDA, FRBR, BIBFRAME, subject headings and name authorities. It also uses screenshots from cutting edge library management systems, discovery interfaces and metadata tools. Coverage includes:

• definitions, discussions, and comparisons among MARC, FRBR, LRM, RDA, Linked Data and BIBFRAME standards and models
• discussion of the underlying principles and protocols of Linked Data vis-à -vis library metadata
• practical metadata configuration, creation, management, and cases employing cutting edge LMS, discovery interfaces, formats and tools
• discussion around why metadata needs to be enriched, linked, open and filtered to ensure the information resources described are discoverable and user friendly
• consideration of metadata as a growing and continuously enhancing, customer-focused and user-driven practice where the aim is to support users to find and retrieve relevant resources for their research and learning.

Library metadata. --- Linked data. --- Web sémantique --- Métadonnées --- Toile sémantique. --- Manuel. --- Sciences de l'information --- Data, Linked --- Library linked data --- Linked open data --- LOD (Linked data) --- Open linked data --- Open data, Linked --- Metadata --- Semantic Web --- Uniform Resource Identifiers --- Library resource metadata --- Library resources --- Library metadata --- Linked data --- Web sémantique --- Métadonnées

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The Future of Open Data est issu d’un projet de recherche en partenariat subventionné pendant plusieurs années par le Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines (CRSH) qui vise à explorer les données gouvernementales géospatiales ouvertes dans une perspective interdisciplinaire. Les chercheurs associés à cette subvention ont adopté une perspective critique en sciences sociales basée sur l’impératif voulant que la recherche devrait être pertinente à la fois pour le gouvernement et pour les partenaires de la société civile œuvrant dans ce domaine.Cet ouvrage s’appuie sur les connaissances développées durant la période de validité de la subvention et soulève la question : « Quel est l’avenir des données ouvertes ? » Les collaborateurs partagent leurs idées à propos de l’avenir des données ouvertes à la suite d’observations et de recherches menées pendant cinq ans sur la communauté des données ouvertes canadiennes selon une perspective critique de ce qui pourrait et ce qui devrait arriver dans un contexte où évoluent les efforts concernant les données ouvertes.Chaque chapitre de ce livre aborde une diversité d’enjeux tout en s’appuyant sur des perspectives disciplinaires ou interdisciplinaires. Le premier chapitre retrace les origines des données ouvertes au Canada et la manière dont la situation a évolué jusqu’à aujourd’hui, en tenant compte du croisement entre le mouvement de souveraineté des données autochtones et les données ouvertes. Quelques chapitres se penchent sur certains dangers et sur les possibilités des données ouvertes, à leurs limites et même aux responsabilités qui s’y rattachent. Une autre série de chapitres examine les horizons appropriés pour les données ouvertes, incluant les données ouvertes dans le Sud global, les priorités des gouvernements locaux en matière de données et le contexte émergent des données ouvertes dans les milieux ruraux.

Electronic government information. --- Electronic public records. --- Freedom of information. --- Geospatial data. --- Government information --- Government information. --- Transparency in government --- POLITICAL SCIENCE / Public Policy / Science & Technology Policy. --- Data economy. --- Data governance. --- Data society. --- Données ouvertes. --- Geoweb. --- Gestion des données. --- Géoweb. --- Open data. --- Société de données. --- Économie de données. --- Access control. --- Technological innovations. --- Transparency (Ethics) in government

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Data Science (DS) is gaining significant importance in the decision process due to a mix of various areas, including Computer Science, Machine Learning, Math and Statistics, domain/business knowledge, software development, and traditional research. In the business field, DS's application allows using scientific methods, processes, algorithms, and systems to extract knowledge and insights from structured and unstructured data to support the decision process. After collecting the data, it is crucial to discover the knowledge. In this step, Knowledge Discovery (KD) tasks are used to create knowledge from structured and unstructured sources (e.g., text, data, and images). The output needs to be in a readable and interpretable format. It must represent knowledge in a manner that facilitates inferencing. KD is applied in several areas, such as education, health, accounting, energy, and public administration. This book includes fourteen excellent articles which discuss this trending topic and present innovative solutions to show the importance of Data Science and Knowledge Discovery to researchers, managers, industry, society, and other communities. The chapters address several topics like Data mining, Deep Learning, Data Visualization and Analytics, Semantic data, Geospatial and Spatio-Temporal Data, Data Augmentation and Text Mining.

Information technology industries --- Computer science --- crisis reporting --- chatbots --- journalists --- news media --- COVID-19 --- textbook research --- digital humanities --- digital infrastructures --- data analysis --- content base image retrieval --- semantic information retrieval --- deep features --- multimedia document retrieval --- data science --- open government data --- governance and social institutions --- economic determinants of open data --- geoinformation technology --- fractal dimension --- territorial road network --- box-counting framework --- script Python --- ArcGIS --- internet of things --- LoRaWAN --- ICT --- The Things Network --- ESP32 microcontroller --- decision systems --- rule based systems --- databases --- rough sets --- prediction by partial matching --- spatio-temporal --- activity recognition --- smart homes --- artificial intelligence --- automation --- e-commerce --- machine learning --- big data --- customer relationship management (CRM) --- distracted driving --- driving behavior --- driving operation area --- data augmentation --- feature extraction --- authorship --- text mining --- attribution --- neural networks --- deep learning --- forensic intelligence --- dashboard --- WebGIS --- data analytics --- SARS-CoV-2 --- Big Data --- Web Intelligence --- media analytics --- social sciences --- humanities --- linked open data --- adaptation process --- interdisciplinary research --- media criticism --- classification --- information systems --- public health --- data mining --- ioCOVID19

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Air pollution is a worldwide environmental hazard that poses serious consequences not only for human health and the climate but also for agriculture, ecosystems, and cultural heritage, among other factors. According to the WHO, there are 8 million premature deaths every year as a result of exposure to ambient air pollution. In addition, more than 90% of the world’s population live in areas where the air quality is poor, exceeding the recommended limits. On the other hand, air pollution and the climate co-influence one another through complex physicochemical interactions in the atmosphere that alter the Earth’s energy balance and have implications for climate change and the air quality. It is important to measure specific atmospheric parameters and pollutant compound concentrations, monitor their variations, and analyze different scenarios with the aim of assessing the air pollution levels and developing early warning and forecast systems as a means of improving the air quality and safeguarding public health. Such measures can also form part of efforts to achieve a reduction in the number of air pollution casualties and mitigate climate change phenomena. This book contains contributions focusing on remote sensing techniques for evaluating air quality, including the use of in situ data, modeling approaches, and the synthesis of different instrumentations and techniques. The papers published in this book highlight the importance and relevance of air quality studies and the potential of remote sensing, particularly that conducted from Earth observation platforms, to shed light on this topic.

Research & information: general --- Meteorology & climatology --- tropospheric NO2 concentrations --- nitrogen dioxide --- OMI --- spatio-temporal trends --- DBEST --- PolyTrend --- time-series analysis --- breakpoint detection --- air pollution --- TROPOMI --- COVID --- nitrogen oxides --- satellite-based --- NO2 --- land use regression --- exposure assessment --- carbon monoxide --- COVID-19 --- China --- surface concentration --- IASI --- drone --- UAV --- gas sensors --- odour --- industrial emissions --- mapping --- environmental monitoring --- aerosol optical depth --- CAMS --- machine learning --- MODIS --- urban form --- PM2.5 --- landscape metrics --- geographically weighted regression --- Yunnan Plateau --- biomass burning --- cross-border transport --- WRF-Chem --- formaldehyde --- trend --- satellite --- monitor --- annual --- seasonal --- temperature --- meteorology --- AOD --- Europe --- open data --- n/a