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Democracy --- Military assistance, American --- Economic assistance, American --- Tunisia --- United States --- Politics and government --- Foreign relations

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This report, which provides a narrative account of four battles within Operation Inherent Resolve (OIR) and a review of U.S. ground force contributions to those battles, is intended to serve as an operational history and review of warfighting functions as applied to OIR. Although OIR was both a Coalition fight and joint one, the report's focus on U.S. ground forces is meant to address gaps both in analysis and in the common understanding of OIR. This research was structured according to the operational concept of by, with, and through. This concept refers to the U.S. military's reliance on local partners - either a host nation government or a local surrogate force - to prosecute ground fighting with U.S. support. That support typically encompasses U.S. advising and enablers and could involve U.S. forces accompanying the partner. Although the terminology is familiar to those working in national security, it has yet to be formalized in joint doctrine and there are inconsistencies in its usage. The authors trace the development of the concept and its application in OIR, then analyze how it might be better incorporated into military doctrine. The authors detail four battles: the counterattacks on Ramadi and on Fallujah, setting the conditions for Mosul, and the urban fight in Mosul. The choice of these operations was made to ensure treatment of the Euphrates and Tigris river valleys where the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria was defeated in Iraq and to cover battles at different points in the overall campaign.

Operation Inherent Resolve, 2014 --- -Combined operations (Military science) --- Military assistance, American --- Counterinsurgency --- Military doctrine --- IS (Organization) --- Since 2014 --- United States --- Iraq. --- United States. --- Armed Forces

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The Japan-US Security Treaty was first signed in 1951, coinciding with the end of Allied occupation and Japan’s recovery of independence in the early postwar era, and subsequently revised in 1960 to correct various inadequacies and alleviate a sense of inequality felt on the Japanese side. Its basic structure, namely providing bases in exchange for the guarantee of US security of Japan, however, remains unchanged. Drawing on previously undisclosed confidential documents and new research developments on the issue of secret agreements which were brought to light during the Ministry of Foreign Affairs investigation in 2009-10, the author carefully depicts the sensitive negotiations and diplomatic finesse behind the establishment and revision of the Japan-US Security Treaty, highlighting the challenges experienced by the two countries to promote mutuality then and later, and adding a new chapter with updated notes for his revised 2020 edition. Examining the far-reaching implications of these new historical materials, he puts forward the pressing question: What should be the future of Japan-US security cooperation?

Military assistance, American --- J4815.11 --- J4810.90 --- Japan: International politics and law -- international relations, policy and security -- North America -- United States --- Japan: International politics and law -- international relations, policy and security -- postwar Shōwa (1945- ), Heisei period (1989- ), contemporary --- Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States of America and Japan --- Nichi-Bei anpo jōyaku --- Nichi-Bei anzen hoshō jōyaku --- Nihonkoku to Amerika Gasshūkoku to no aida no sōgo kyōryoku oyobi anzen hoshō jōyaku --- U.S.-Japan Mutual Security Treaty --- ANPO --- Japan --- United States --- al-Yābān --- Giappone --- Government of Japan --- Iapōnia --- I︠A︡ponii︠a︡ --- Japam --- Japani --- Japão --- Japon --- Japonia --- Japonsko --- Japonya --- Jih-pen --- Mư̄ang Yīpun --- Nihon --- Nihon-koku --- Nihonkoku --- Nippon --- Nippon-koku --- Nipponkoku --- Prathēt Yīpun --- Riben --- State of Japan --- Yābān --- Yapan --- Yīpun --- Zhāpān --- Япония --- اليابان --- يابان --- 日本 --- 日本国 --- Defenses. --- Military relations --- Assistance militaire américaine --- Relations militaires --- Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States of America and Japan. --- Jepun --- Yapon --- Yapon Ulus --- I︠A︡pon --- Япон --- I︠A︡pon Uls --- Япон Улс