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This book analyzes the transformation of ethnic and religious political parties in Turkey with special focus on their role in the country’s democratization and regime changes. Turkey went through a process of autocratization under the rule of the AKP government over the last two decades. Scholars question the structural, agent-centered and cultural factors that led the country on this path, and provide the lessons learnt from this case for other cases of democratic decline or breakdown. This book contributes to this debate. It treats the three national elections (2002, 2007, 2015-June) as opportunities for democratization, in which the Islamist-successor AKP (in 2002, 2007) and the Kurdish-successor HDP (in 2015-June) managed to overcome identity politics and received the organized support from social groups outside of their traditional constituency. This book argues that in a semi-democratic context where repressive acts of the state (e.g. banning of parties, arresting politicians) have been subject to widespread public criticism, confronting the state becomes a salient issue. When these parties manage to frame this issue as one of democracy, they take ownership of it, and this then becomes an opportunity for democratizing the regime. This opportunity, yet, can be missed if the party follows an office-seeking strategy rather than a policy-seeking one. Pelin Ayan Musil is a Senior Researcher at the Institute of International Relations, Prague in the Czech Republic.
Religious studies --- Political systems --- Politics --- religie --- politiek --- Middle East --- Middle East—Politics and government. --- Religion and politics. --- Comparative government. --- Middle Eastern Politics. --- Politics and Religion. --- Comparative Politics.
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"Pourquoi tant d'Etats arabes sont-ils à l'agonie, empêchant leurs populations de vivre décemment et détruisant les équilibres régionaux ? Pour en comprendre les origines, Pierre-Jean Luizard remonte le cours de l'Histoire et nous éclaire sur les enjeux à venir. Le modèle de " l'Etat-nation " et ses frontières arbitraires, imposés par les puissances coloniales au siècle dernier, sombre au Moyen-Orient : échec du confessionnalisme politique au Levant et en Irak, guerre confessionnelle entre sunnites et chiites au Yémen, absence d'identité commune en Libye... Ces Etats ont longtemps manifesté de nombreux points communs : répression par des régimes autoritaires, confessionnalisme, guerres civiles sans fin, corruption massive, services publics aux abonnés absents, chômage... Aujourd'hui, ils sont traversés par le chaos permanent. L'échec des Printemps arabes de 2011 illustre l'incapacité des systèmes politiques actuels à répondre aux demandes des populations et à donner des perspectives à la jeunesse. Pierre-Jean Luizard décrypte ces phénomènes et s'interroge : faut-il, pour tenter de résoudre les graves crises, encore miser sur le renforcement des Etats en place ? Un changement profond est indispensable si l'on veut espérer une stabilisation future au moment où le droit d'ingérence que s'est octroyé l'Occident est désormais révolu. Pierre-Jean Luizard, historien, est directeur de recherche émérite au CNRS, spécialiste des islams au Moyen-Orient et membre du Groupe Sociétés, Religions, Laïcités (GSRL, CNRS/EPHE/PSL). Il est notamment l'auteur de Chiites et sunnites la grande discorde en 100 questions (2017).
Arab countries - Politics and government --- Middle East - Politics and government --- Printemps arabe (2010-....). --- Politique et gouvernement --- Mouvements contestataires --- Identité collective --- Irak --- Syrie --- Liban --- Yémen --- Libye --- Histoire. --- Arab countries --- Middle East
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This book analyzes the transformation of ethnic and religious political parties in Turkey with special focus on their role in the country’s democratization and regime changes. Turkey went through a process of autocratization under the rule of the AKP government over the last two decades. Scholars question the structural, agent-centered and cultural factors that led the country on this path, and provide the lessons learnt from this case for other cases of democratic decline or breakdown. This book contributes to this debate. It treats the three national elections (2002, 2007, 2015-June) as opportunities for democratization, in which the Islamist-successor AKP (in 2002, 2007) and the Kurdish-successor HDP (in 2015-June) managed to overcome identity politics and received the organized support from social groups outside of their traditional constituency. This book argues that in a semi-democratic context where repressive acts of the state (e.g. banning of parties, arresting politicians) have been subject to widespread public criticism, confronting the state becomes a salient issue. When these parties manage to frame this issue as one of democracy, they take ownership of it, and this then becomes an opportunity for democratizing the regime. This opportunity, yet, can be missed if the party follows an office-seeking strategy rather than a policy-seeking one. Pelin Ayan Musil is a Senior Researcher at the Institute of International Relations, Prague in the Czech Republic.
Religion and politics. --- Political science --- Politics, Practical --- Politics and religion --- Religion --- Religions --- Religious aspects --- Political aspects --- Middle East—Politics and government. --- Comparative government. --- Middle Eastern Politics. --- Politics and Religion. --- Comparative Politics. --- Comparative political systems --- Comparative politics --- Government, Comparative --- Political systems, Comparative
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