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"This book includes five chapters that explore the topic of indoor air quality from several perspectives. Chapter One investigates the efficiency of a solar air heater system. Chapter Two examines the effect of indoor air pollution in child populations in educational settings. Chapter Three studies the impact of numerical parameters on heat ventilation in a box prototype. Chapter Four includes simulations of airflow related to a room containing a sitting person and a computer to determine ventilation system performance. Lastly, Chapter Five analyzes airflow in spaces equipped with a vertical confluent jets ventilation system"--

Indoor air quality.

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People live in indoor environment about 90% of lifetime and an adult inhales about 15 kg air each day, over 75% of the human body's daily mass intake (air, food, water). Therefore, indoor air quality (IAQ) is very important to human health. This book provides the basic knowledge of IAQ and highlights the research achievements in the past two decades. It covers the following 12 sections: introduction, indoor air chemicals, indoor air particles, measurement and evaluation, source/sink characteristics, indoor chemistry, human exposure to indoor pollutants, health effects and health risk assessment, IAQ and cognitive performance, standards and guidelines, IAQ control, and air quality in various indoor environments. It provides a combination of an introduction to various aspects on IAQ studies, the current state-of-knowledge, various advances and the perspective of IAQ studies. It will be very helpful for the researchers and technicians in the IAQ and the related fields. It is also useful for experts in other fields and general readers who want to obtain a basic understanding of and research advances in the field of IAQ. A group of experts in IAQ research have been recruited to write the chapters. Their research interests and experience cover the scope of the book. In addition, some experienced experts in IAQ field have been invited as advisors or reviewers to give their comments, suggestions and revisions on the handbook framework and the chapter details. Their contribution guarantees the quality of the book. We are very grateful to them. Last but not least, we express our heartfelt thanks to Prof. Spengler, Harvard University, for writing the foreword of the current Handbook of Indoor Air Quality both as a pioneer scientist who contributed greatly to indoor air science and as an Editor-in-chief of Handbook of Indoor Air Quality 2001, 1st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. In addition to hard copies, the book is also published online and will be updated by the authors as needed to keep it aligned with current knowledge. These salient features can make the handbook fresh with the research development. .

Thermodynamics --- Mechanical properties of solids --- General ecology and biosociology --- Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- Materials sciences --- Heat engines. Steam engines --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- Fuels --- Building design --- Building materials. Building technology --- thermodynamica --- volksgezondheid --- environment --- bouwkunde --- milieutechnologie --- ingenieurswetenschappen --- fysica --- warmteoverdracht --- Indoor air pollution. --- Indoor air quality.

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This Special Issue addresses a topic that is of great relevance as, nowadays, in developed countries, individuals spend most of their time indoors and, depending on each person, the presence at home ranges between 60% and 90% of the day, with 30% of that time spent sleeping. Considering these data, indoor residential environments have a direct influence on human health, especially considering that, in developing countries, significant levels of indoor pollution make housing unsafe, having an impact on the health of inhabitants. Therefore, housing is a key health factor for people all over the world, and various parameters, such as air quality, ventilation, hygrothermal comfort, lighting, physical environment, and building efficiency, can contribute to healthy architecture, as well as to the conditions that can result from the poor application of these parameters. The articles in this Special Issue thus address issues concerning indoor environmental quality (IEQ), which is described, more simply, as the conditions inside a building. This includes air quality, but also access to daylight and views, pleasant acoustic conditions, and occupant control over lighting and thermal comfort. IEQ also includes the functional aspects of the space, such as whether the layout provides easy access to tools and people when needed and whether there is sufficient space for the occupants. Building managers and operators can increase building occupant satisfaction by considering all aspects of IEQ rather than focusing on temperature or air quality alone.

Research & information: general --- indoor air quality --- thermal comfort --- airtightness --- natural ventilation --- educational buildings --- thermal insulation --- sustainable materials --- fique --- thermal conductivity --- thermogravimetry --- green architecture --- urban heat island --- microclimate --- feed-forward neural networks --- air temperature measurements --- in-situ measurements --- urban models --- urban environment --- climate change --- COVID-19 --- MgO-based cement --- sustainability --- energy efficiency --- architecture --- building evaluation --- functional adequacy --- human-centered --- IEQ --- learning space --- place attachment --- social interaction --- social participation --- sustainable building --- quality air --- epidemiology --- data analysis --- statistics --- nursing homes --- geopolymer --- fly ash --- basalt fiber --- basalt waste aggregate --- mechanical properties --- lean manufacturing --- modular construction --- sustainability architecture --- efficient buildings --- lean construction

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This Special Issue addresses a topic that is of great relevance as, nowadays, in developed countries, individuals spend most of their time indoors and, depending on each person, the presence at home ranges between 60% and 90% of the day, with 30% of that time spent sleeping. Considering these data, indoor residential environments have a direct influence on human health, especially considering that, in developing countries, significant levels of indoor pollution make housing unsafe, having an impact on the health of inhabitants. Therefore, housing is a key health factor for people all over the world, and various parameters, such as air quality, ventilation, hygrothermal comfort, lighting, physical environment, and building efficiency, can contribute to healthy architecture, as well as to the conditions that can result from the poor application of these parameters. The articles in this Special Issue thus address issues concerning indoor environmental quality (IEQ), which is described, more simply, as the conditions inside a building. This includes air quality, but also access to daylight and views, pleasant acoustic conditions, and occupant control over lighting and thermal comfort. IEQ also includes the functional aspects of the space, such as whether the layout provides easy access to tools and people when needed and whether there is sufficient space for the occupants. Building managers and operators can increase building occupant satisfaction by considering all aspects of IEQ rather than focusing on temperature or air quality alone.

indoor air quality --- thermal comfort --- airtightness --- natural ventilation --- educational buildings --- thermal insulation --- sustainable materials --- fique --- thermal conductivity --- thermogravimetry --- green architecture --- urban heat island --- microclimate --- feed-forward neural networks --- air temperature measurements --- in-situ measurements --- urban models --- urban environment --- climate change --- COVID-19 --- MgO-based cement --- sustainability --- energy efficiency --- architecture --- building evaluation --- functional adequacy --- human-centered --- IEQ --- learning space --- place attachment --- social interaction --- social participation --- sustainable building --- quality air --- epidemiology --- data analysis --- statistics --- nursing homes --- geopolymer --- fly ash --- basalt fiber --- basalt waste aggregate --- mechanical properties --- lean manufacturing --- modular construction --- sustainability architecture --- efficient buildings --- lean construction

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Over the past century, the manufacturing industry has undergone a number of paradigm shifts: from the Ford assembly line (1900s) and its focus on efficiency to the Toyota production system (1960s) and its focus on effectiveness and JIDOKA; from flexible manufacturing (1980s) to reconfigurable manufacturing (1990s) (both following the trend of mass customization); and from agent-based manufacturing (2000s) to cloud manufacturing (2010s) (both deploying the value stream complexity into the material and information flow, respectively). The next natural evolutionary step is to provide value by creating industrial cyber-physical assets with human-like intelligence. This will only be possible by further integrating strategic smart sensor technology into the manufacturing cyber-physical value creating processes in which industrial equipment is monitored and controlled for analyzing compression, temperature, moisture, vibrations, and performance. For instance, in the new wave of the ‘Industrial Internet of Things’ (IIoT), smart sensors will enable the development of new applications by interconnecting software, machines, and humans throughout the manufacturing process, thus enabling suppliers and manufacturers to rapidly respond to changing standards. This reprint of “Sense and Respond” aims to cover recent developments in the field of industrial applications, especially smart sensor technologies that increase the productivity, quality, reliability, and safety of industrial cyber-physical value-creating processes.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- EEG sensors --- manufacturing systems --- problem-solving --- deep learning --- TDOA --- sensor networks --- hyperboloids --- node distribution --- genetic algorithms --- asynchronous --- Cramér–Rao lower bound --- heteroscedasticity --- soft sensors --- industrial optical quality inspection --- artificial vision --- long-term monitoring benefits --- indoor air quality --- low cost --- occupational safety and health --- industry 4.0 --- IOTA tangle --- Industry 4.0 --- IIoT --- geometric deep learning --- lean management --- cramer rao lower bound --- localization --- LPS --- multi-objective optimization --- sensor failure --- wireless sensor networks --- conceptual framework --- sensors --- approaches --- tools --- data --- application --- project engineering --- LCA --- SDG 9 --- SDG 11 --- EEG sensors --- manufacturing systems --- problem-solving --- deep learning --- TDOA --- sensor networks --- hyperboloids --- node distribution --- genetic algorithms --- asynchronous --- Cramér–Rao lower bound --- heteroscedasticity --- soft sensors --- industrial optical quality inspection --- artificial vision --- long-term monitoring benefits --- indoor air quality --- low cost --- occupational safety and health --- industry 4.0 --- IOTA tangle --- Industry 4.0 --- IIoT --- geometric deep learning --- lean management --- cramer rao lower bound --- localization --- LPS --- multi-objective optimization --- sensor failure --- wireless sensor networks --- conceptual framework --- sensors --- approaches --- tools --- data --- application --- project engineering --- LCA --- SDG 9 --- SDG 11