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The paper presents estimates of poverty [extreme poverty PPP$1.9 and PPP$3.2] and consumption inequality in India for each of the years 2004-5 through the pandemic year 2020-21. These estimates include, for the first time, the effect of in-kind food subsides on poverty and inequality. Extreme poverty was as low as 0.8 percent in the pre-pandemic year 2019, and food transfers were instrumental in ensuring that it remained at that low level in pandemic year 2020. Post-food subsidy inequality at .294 is now very close to its lowest level 0.284 observed in 1993/94.

Macroeconomics --- Economics: General --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Investments: Commodities --- Diseases: Contagious --- Taxation and Subsidies: Externalities --- Redistributive Effects --- Environmental Taxes and Subsidies --- Measurement and Analysis of Poverty --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Economic Development: Human Resources --- Human Development --- Income Distribution --- Migration --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Macroeconomics: Consumption --- Saving --- Wealth --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Agriculture: General --- Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Household Analysis: General --- Economic & financial crises & disasters --- Economics of specific sectors --- Poverty & precarity --- Investment & securities --- Infectious & contagious diseases --- Poverty --- Consumption --- National accounts --- Income inequality --- Agricultural commodities --- Commodities --- Household consumption --- Currency crises --- Informal sector --- Economics --- Income distribution --- Farm produce --- Communicable diseases