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"Coral reefs are a microcosm of our planet: wondrously diverse, deeply interconnected, and critically imperiled. They sustain entire ecosystems and protect vulnerable coasts. But corals across the planet are in the middle of an unprecedented die-off, beset by warming oceans, pollution, human damage, and their own devastating pandemic. Even under stress, they are out-of-this world gorgeous, sending out warning flares in fluorescent bursts of yellow, pink, and indigo. Juli Berwald fell in love with coral reefs as a marine biology student, entranced by their beauty and complexity. While she was concerned by bleaching events and coral disease, she didn't fully understand what a dead reef meant until she experienced one on a dive: barren, decaying, and coated in slime. Deeply alarmed, she traveled the world desperate to discover how to prevent their loss. Life on the Rocks is a meditative ode to the reefs and the undaunted scientists working to save them against almost impossible odds. Berwald explores what it means to keep fighting a battle that can't be won, contemplating the inevitable grief of climate change and the beauty of small victories"--

Coral reefs and islands. --- Coral reef conservation.

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Coral reefs and islands. --- Atolls --- Coral atolls --- Coral islands --- Reefs, Coral --- Islands --- Esculls coral·lins --- Pacífic, Oceà

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Coral reef conservation. --- Coral reef restoration. --- Coral reef rehabilitation --- Coral reefs and islands --- Reef rehabilitation, Coral --- Reef restoration, Coral --- Restoration of coral reefs and islands --- Coral reef management --- Restoration ecology --- Conservation of coral reefs --- Maintenance of coral reef productivity --- Nature conservation --- Restoration --- Conservation

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This volume contains a series of papers prepared for presentation at the 14th International Coral Reef Symposium, originally planned for July 2020 in Bremen, Germany, but postponed until 2021 (online) and 2022 (in person) because of the COVID-19 pandemic. It contains a series of papers illustrating the breadth of modern studies on coral reefs and the response of the reef science community to the threats that coral reefs now face, above all from climate change. The first group of papers focus on the biology of a selection of reef organisms, ranging from sea fans to coral dwelling crabs. The next group describe studies of coral communities and ecological interactions in regions as diverse as Florida, Kenya, Colombia, and Norway. Further papers describe investigations into the effects of global warming (in the Maldives and in Timor-Leste) and of other impacts (UV blockers, ocean acidification). The final two papers describe the latest applications of satellite and camera technology to the challenge of mapping and monitoring reefs.

Research & information: general --- coral reefs --- cox1 --- H3 --- crustacea --- molecular systematics --- morphotypes --- Cassiopea xamachana --- C. frondosa --- Scyphozoan --- planulae --- settlement --- metamorphosis --- oxybenzone --- Gnathiidae --- Isopoda --- climate change --- ocean warming --- coral bleaching --- Great Barrier Reef --- Coral Triangle --- marine biomineralization --- inorganic mineralization --- ocean acidification (OA) --- omega --- dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) --- extracellular calcifying fluid (ECF) --- Maldives --- Indian Ocean --- El Niño --- mass coral bleaching --- coral mortality --- benthic cover --- satellite --- superspectral --- VHR --- topobathymetry --- LULC --- SUSC --- Moorea Island --- long-term mortality series --- population dynamics --- mass mortality --- octocorals --- habitat forming species --- extinction --- survival --- equilibrium points --- symbiodiniaceae --- zoantharians --- Trinidad coral reefs --- zooxanthellate --- biogeography --- Jaffna Peninsula --- coral mortality index --- DNA barcoding --- phylogeny --- biodiversity --- conservation --- ocean acidification --- carbonate chemistry dynamics --- biogeochemical dynamics --- in situ monitoring --- natural variability of environmental conditions --- Lophelia pertusa --- structural complexity --- coral reef --- Caribbean --- overfishing --- parrotfish --- Seaflower Biosphere Reserve --- reef ecology --- reef fish --- structure associations --- artificial structures --- symbiotic algae --- dinoflagellates --- Madagascar --- symbiosis --- coral reef ecosystem --- coral reef resilience --- global warming --- indicator species --- coral reef monitoring --- reef health --- review --- hyperspectral imaging --- marine optics --- ENSO --- temperature --- stable isotope --- coral disease --- coral health --- nutrients --- Indonesian ThroughFlow --- coral reefs --- cox1 --- H3 --- crustacea --- molecular systematics --- morphotypes --- Cassiopea xamachana --- C. frondosa --- Scyphozoan --- planulae --- settlement --- metamorphosis --- oxybenzone --- Gnathiidae --- Isopoda --- climate change --- ocean warming --- coral bleaching --- Great Barrier Reef --- Coral Triangle --- marine biomineralization --- inorganic mineralization --- ocean acidification (OA) --- omega --- dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) --- extracellular calcifying fluid (ECF) --- Maldives --- Indian Ocean --- El Niño --- mass coral bleaching --- coral mortality --- benthic cover --- satellite --- superspectral --- VHR --- topobathymetry --- LULC --- SUSC --- Moorea Island --- long-term mortality series --- population dynamics --- mass mortality --- octocorals --- habitat forming species --- extinction --- survival --- equilibrium points --- symbiodiniaceae --- zoantharians --- Trinidad coral reefs --- zooxanthellate --- biogeography --- Jaffna Peninsula --- coral mortality index --- DNA barcoding --- phylogeny --- biodiversity --- conservation --- ocean acidification --- carbonate chemistry dynamics --- biogeochemical dynamics --- in situ monitoring --- natural variability of environmental conditions --- Lophelia pertusa --- structural complexity --- coral reef --- Caribbean --- overfishing --- parrotfish --- Seaflower Biosphere Reserve --- reef ecology --- reef fish --- structure associations --- artificial structures --- symbiotic algae --- dinoflagellates --- Madagascar --- symbiosis --- coral reef ecosystem --- coral reef resilience --- global warming --- indicator species --- coral reef monitoring --- reef health --- review --- hyperspectral imaging --- marine optics --- ENSO --- temperature --- stable isotope --- coral disease --- coral health --- nutrients --- Indonesian ThroughFlow

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Le but de ce travail est d'analyser le comportement de la couche limite de l'écoulement au sein de coraux noirs et d'observer ou non la présence d'un effet canopée, représenté par une atténuation du courant ainsi qu'une augmentation de la turbulence. A l'aide d'un courantomètre hydroacoustique (ADCP), des données de vitesses ont été prélevées sur différents sites à Lanzarote. Des ajustements linéaires ont été effectués sur les profils de vitesse horizontale afin de déterminer la hauteur de déplacement de la couche limite au contact de corail noir. La deuxième méthode utilisée se base sur les profils d'énergie cinétique de turbulence afin de quantifier cette hauteur de déplacement. Enfin, les profils de vitesse verticale ont été étudiés pour déterminer les différentes zones d'atténuation du courant dans les forêts de corail noir.
Les résultats indiquent que la couche limite de l'écoulement est déplacée et que le courant au sein des coraux noirs est atténué, signe de la présence d'un effet canopée. Les ajustements et les profils d'énergie cinétique de turbulence nous ont aussi permis de revoir et améliorer la technique d'échantillonnage utilisée à Lanzarote. The aim of this work is to analyse the behaviour of the boundary layer of the flow within black corals and to observe or not the presence of a canopy effect, represented by an attenuation of the current as well as an increase in turbulence. Using an acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), velocity data were collected from different sites in Lanzarote. Linear adjustments were made to the horizontal velocity profiles in order to determine the displacement height of the boundary layer in contact with black coral. The second method used is based on the turbulence kinetic energy (tke) profiles to quantify this displacement height. Finally, vertical velocity profiles were studied to determine the different regions of current attenuation in the black coral forests.
The results indicate that the flow boundary layer is displaced and the current within the black corals is attenuated, indicating the presence of a canopy effect. The adjustments and turbulence kinetic energy profiles also allowed us to review and improve the sampling technique used in Lanzarote.

couche limite --- corail noir --- effet canopée --- boundary layer --- black coral --- canopy effect --- Sciences du vivant > Sciences aquatiques & océanologie