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Plant essential oils (PEOs) are hydrophobic liquids that contain volatile chemical components that are derived from various plant parts. They are among the most important plant natural products because of their diverse biological features as well as their therapeutic and nutritional applications. In addition, several aromatic PEOs are used to flavor food and add aromas to incense in the culinary sector. Recently, many PEOs have demonstrated promising antimicrobial activity against different post-harvest diseases and have been considered as possible natural alternatives for chemical treatments. This Special Issue titled “Plant Essential Oil with Biological Activity” provided an overview of several elements of PEOs, including their biological applications, antimicrobial activities, bio-pharmaceutical properties, principal single constituents, and mechanisms of action. This Special Issues fills in knowledge gaps and aids in the advancement of EO applications around the world. This issue contains thirteen research articles and two review papers that address a wide range of topics and applications relevant to the bioactivity of PEOs.

Medicine --- Pharmacology --- allelopathy --- bioherbicides --- volatile oils --- terpenes --- aromatic plants --- Curcuma longa --- essential oil --- extraction methods --- chemical composition --- agri-food industry --- antimicrobial --- herbicidal --- antioxidant --- horseweed --- wavy-leaf fleabane --- sesquiterpenes --- cytotoxicity --- anti-senility --- tomato --- eco-friendly product --- essential oils --- quality preservation --- antioxidants --- damage index --- phytotoxicity --- environmental factors --- Cleome genus --- anti-inflammation --- Oncosiphon suffruticosum --- antibacterial --- tyrosinase inhibition --- sun protection factor --- medicinal plants --- GC-MS --- postharvest diseases --- biological control --- cell membrane permeability --- pale smartweed --- green chemistry --- herbicides --- Jungia rugosa --- Jungia bullata --- Jungia jelskii --- Jungia malvifolia --- Asteraceae --- enantiomers --- Ecuador --- Pulicaria crispa --- chemometric analysis --- chemotype --- Aerva javanica --- sandy soil --- hydrodistillation --- antioxidant activity --- seasonal variation --- angustione --- trichomes --- fruit storage --- natural products --- quality-related attributes --- volatiles --- Anisosciadium lanatum --- HepG2 --- BCL-2 --- CASPASE-3 --- apoptotic markers --- WRKY transcription factor --- Fusarium root rot --- Mentha spicata --- Mentha longifolia GC–MS --- antioxidant enzymes --- antifungal activity --- Annona cherimola --- enantioselective analysis --- antibacterial activity --- anticholinesterase activity --- germacrene D --- Campylobacter jejuni --- antimicrobial activity --- phytopathogens --- food preservatives

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Nature continuously produces biologically useful molecules and provides humankind with life-saving drugs or therapies. Natural products (NPs) offer a vast, unique and fascinating chemical diversity and these molecules have evolved for optimal interactions with biological macromolecules. Moreover, natural products feature pharmacologically active pharmacophores which are pharmaceutically validated starting points for the development of new lead compounds. Over half of all approved (from 1981 to 2014) small-molecule drugs derived from NPs, including unaltered NPs, NPs synthetic derivatives and synthetic natural mimics, originated from a NPs pharmacophore or template. According to the FDA, NPs and their derivatives represent over one-third of all FDA-approved new drugs, in particular for anticancer/antibiotic lead compounds, which are remarkably enriched with NPs.

Research & information: general --- Chemistry --- Organic chemistry --- multi-component reaction --- fusidic acid --- TEMPO-conjugate --- electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy --- caspase-3 --- incomptine A --- sesquiterpene lactone --- Decachaeta incompta --- cytotoxic activity --- iTRAQ --- apoptosis --- ROS production --- violacein --- hepatocellular carcinoma --- proliferation --- stemness --- natural products --- tumor microenvironment (TME) --- lung cancer --- phytochemicals --- botanical agents --- steroidal alkaloids --- solanidane alkaloids --- demissidine --- solanidine --- flavonoids --- coronavirus --- SARS-CoV-2 --- SARS-CoV --- MERS-CoV --- anticancer activity --- apoptosis resistance --- ophiobolin A --- polygodial --- Wittig reaction --- melanoma --- tumor heterogeneity --- pregnancy --- anti-tumor peptides --- in vitro model --- medicinal herbs --- cancer treatment --- cancer stem cells --- drug resistance --- metastasis --- RCE-4 --- PCD --- ATG 4B --- the Bcl-2-Beclin 1 complex --- Sparticola junci --- structure elucidation --- ECD-TDDFT --- COX inhibitory --- molecular docking --- antiproliferative --- cytotoxic --- Sepedonium ampullosporum --- peptaibols --- ampullosporin --- glutamic acid methyl ester --- solid-phase peptide synthesis --- antifungal --- anticancer --- target identification --- kaempferol --- docking --- DARTS --- Src --- breast cancer --- butein --- frondoside-A --- STAT3 --- angiogenesis --- invasion --- viability --- tumor growth --- marine fungi --- Cosmospora sp. --- soudanone --- Magnaporthe oryzae --- co-culture --- phytopathogen --- molecular networking --- metabolomics --- bispecific antibody --- Trypsiligase --- click chemistry --- biorthogonal chemistry --- antibody engineering --- multi-component reaction --- fusidic acid --- TEMPO-conjugate --- electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy --- caspase-3 --- incomptine A --- sesquiterpene lactone --- Decachaeta incompta --- cytotoxic activity --- iTRAQ --- apoptosis --- ROS production --- violacein --- hepatocellular carcinoma --- proliferation --- stemness --- natural products --- tumor microenvironment (TME) --- lung cancer --- phytochemicals --- botanical agents --- steroidal alkaloids --- solanidane alkaloids --- demissidine --- solanidine --- flavonoids --- coronavirus --- SARS-CoV-2 --- SARS-CoV --- MERS-CoV --- anticancer activity --- apoptosis resistance --- ophiobolin A --- polygodial --- Wittig reaction --- melanoma --- tumor heterogeneity --- pregnancy --- anti-tumor peptides --- in vitro model --- medicinal herbs --- cancer treatment --- cancer stem cells --- drug resistance --- metastasis --- RCE-4 --- PCD --- ATG 4B --- the Bcl-2-Beclin 1 complex --- Sparticola junci --- structure elucidation --- ECD-TDDFT --- COX inhibitory --- molecular docking --- antiproliferative --- cytotoxic --- Sepedonium ampullosporum --- peptaibols --- ampullosporin --- glutamic acid methyl ester --- solid-phase peptide synthesis --- antifungal --- anticancer --- target identification --- kaempferol --- docking --- DARTS --- Src --- breast cancer --- butein --- frondoside-A --- STAT3 --- angiogenesis --- invasion --- viability --- tumor growth --- marine fungi --- Cosmospora sp. --- soudanone --- Magnaporthe oryzae --- co-culture --- phytopathogen --- molecular networking --- metabolomics --- bispecific antibody --- Trypsiligase --- click chemistry --- biorthogonal chemistry --- antibody engineering

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This Special Issue, entitled "Synthetic Peptides and Peptidomimetics: From Basic Science to Biomedical Applications", has included both reviews and original research contributions focused on the chemical design and biomedical applications of structurally modified bioactive peptides. The papers collected show how successful this class of molecules still is, both as model molecules for studying the structure of proteins and as potential therapeutics and diagnostics, and also as laboratory tools for advanced basic and applied studies. The large scientific community working in this field is in fact very active and productive, and is making the most of the potential and versatility of these molecules to generate increasingly interesting and innovative molecules of therapeutic interest and to understand the fundamental molecular mechanisms of life.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- polymers --- peptidomimetics --- AFM --- transfection --- molecular modelling --- peptide --- α-helix --- hydrocarbon stapling --- ring-closing metathesis --- i,i + 1 staple --- X-ray structure --- deferoxamine --- RGD peptides --- integrins --- radiodiagnostics --- PET imaging --- retro-inverso peptides --- anticancer peptides --- drug delivery --- peptide antigens --- Aβ --- IAPP --- antimicrobial peptides --- peptides --- diagnostic --- ELISA --- microarray --- PET --- SPECT --- imaging diagnostic --- non-imaging diagnostic --- amphiphilic peptides --- non-viral gene delivery --- nanocarrier --- peptide self-assemblies --- stimuli responsive --- SARS-CoV-2 --- FRET --- molecular docking --- molecular dynamics --- MM-GBSA --- drug repurposing --- antiviral --- cancer --- cyclic peptide --- integrin --- αvβ3 --- ALOS4 --- melanoma --- fluorescent peptide --- environment-sensitive fluorophore --- peptide labeling --- luciferin --- membrane-binding peptide --- antimicrobial peptide --- antitumor peptide --- RGD peptide --- antiproliferative activity --- chirality --- conformational analysis --- density functional theory (DFT) --- ferrocene --- hydrogen bonds --- peptidomimetic --- X-ray --- protein–protein interactions (PPIs) --- voltage-gated Na+ (Nav) channels --- fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) --- medium spiny neurons (MSNs) --- nucleus accumbens (NAc) --- neurotherapeutics --- cyclophilin A (CypA) --- apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) --- human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells --- staurosporine-mediated cell death --- AIF(370-394) peptide --- caspase-3 --- PARP --- antifungal --- antibacterial --- peptide-based therapies --- synthetic peptides --- polymers --- peptidomimetics --- AFM --- transfection --- molecular modelling --- peptide --- α-helix --- hydrocarbon stapling --- ring-closing metathesis --- i,i + 1 staple --- X-ray structure --- deferoxamine --- RGD peptides --- integrins --- radiodiagnostics --- PET imaging --- retro-inverso peptides --- anticancer peptides --- drug delivery --- peptide antigens --- Aβ --- IAPP --- antimicrobial peptides --- peptides --- diagnostic --- ELISA --- microarray --- PET --- SPECT --- imaging diagnostic --- non-imaging diagnostic --- amphiphilic peptides --- non-viral gene delivery --- nanocarrier --- peptide self-assemblies --- stimuli responsive --- SARS-CoV-2 --- FRET --- molecular docking --- molecular dynamics --- MM-GBSA --- drug repurposing --- antiviral --- cancer --- cyclic peptide --- integrin --- αvβ3 --- ALOS4 --- melanoma --- fluorescent peptide --- environment-sensitive fluorophore --- peptide labeling --- luciferin --- membrane-binding peptide --- antimicrobial peptide --- antitumor peptide --- RGD peptide --- antiproliferative activity --- chirality --- conformational analysis --- density functional theory (DFT) --- ferrocene --- hydrogen bonds --- peptidomimetic --- X-ray --- protein–protein interactions (PPIs) --- voltage-gated Na+ (Nav) channels --- fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) --- medium spiny neurons (MSNs) --- nucleus accumbens (NAc) --- neurotherapeutics --- cyclophilin A (CypA) --- apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) --- human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells --- staurosporine-mediated cell death --- AIF(370-394) peptide --- caspase-3 --- PARP --- antifungal --- antibacterial --- peptide-based therapies --- synthetic peptides

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Nature continuously produces biologically useful molecules and provides humankind with life-saving drugs or therapies. Natural products (NPs) offer a vast, unique and fascinating chemical diversity and these molecules have evolved for optimal interactions with biological macromolecules. Moreover, natural products feature pharmacologically active pharmacophores which are pharmaceutically validated starting points for the development of new lead compounds. Over half of all approved (from 1981 to 2014) small-molecule drugs derived from NPs, including unaltered NPs, NPs synthetic derivatives and synthetic natural mimics, originated from a NPs pharmacophore or template. According to the FDA, NPs and their derivatives represent over one-third of all FDA-approved new drugs, in particular for anticancer/antibiotic lead compounds, which are remarkably enriched with NPs.

Research & information: general --- Chemistry --- Organic chemistry --- multi-component reaction --- fusidic acid --- TEMPO-conjugate --- electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy --- caspase-3 --- incomptine A --- sesquiterpene lactone --- Decachaeta incompta --- cytotoxic activity --- iTRAQ --- apoptosis --- ROS production --- violacein --- hepatocellular carcinoma --- proliferation --- stemness --- natural products --- tumor microenvironment (TME) --- lung cancer --- phytochemicals --- botanical agents --- steroidal alkaloids --- solanidane alkaloids --- demissidine --- solanidine --- flavonoids --- coronavirus --- SARS-CoV-2 --- SARS-CoV --- MERS-CoV --- anticancer activity --- apoptosis resistance --- ophiobolin A --- polygodial --- Wittig reaction --- melanoma --- tumor heterogeneity --- pregnancy --- anti-tumor peptides --- in vitro model --- medicinal herbs --- cancer treatment --- cancer stem cells --- drug resistance --- metastasis --- RCE-4 --- PCD --- ATG 4B --- the Bcl-2–Beclin 1 complex --- Sparticola junci --- structure elucidation --- ECD-TDDFT --- COX inhibitory --- molecular docking --- antiproliferative --- cytotoxic --- Sepedonium ampullosporum --- peptaibols --- ampullosporin --- glutamic acid methyl ester --- solid-phase peptide synthesis --- antifungal --- anticancer --- target identification --- kaempferol --- docking --- DARTS --- Src --- breast cancer --- butein --- frondoside-A --- STAT3 --- angiogenesis --- invasion --- viability --- tumor growth --- marine fungi --- Cosmospora sp. --- soudanone --- Magnaporthe oryzae --- co-culture --- phytopathogen --- molecular networking --- metabolomics --- bispecific antibody --- Trypsiligase --- click chemistry --- biorthogonal chemistry --- antibody engineering --- n/a --- the Bcl-2-Beclin 1 complex

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
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• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This Special Issue, entitled "Synthetic Peptides and Peptidomimetics: From Basic Science to Biomedical Applications", has included both reviews and original research contributions focused on the chemical design and biomedical applications of structurally modified bioactive peptides. The papers collected show how successful this class of molecules still is, both as model molecules for studying the structure of proteins and as potential therapeutics and diagnostics, and also as laboratory tools for advanced basic and applied studies. The large scientific community working in this field is in fact very active and productive, and is making the most of the potential and versatility of these molecules to generate increasingly interesting and innovative molecules of therapeutic interest and to understand the fundamental molecular mechanisms of life.

polymers --- peptidomimetics --- AFM --- transfection --- molecular modelling --- peptide --- α-helix --- hydrocarbon stapling --- ring-closing metathesis --- i,i + 1 staple --- X-ray structure --- deferoxamine --- RGD peptides --- integrins --- radiodiagnostics --- PET imaging --- retro-inverso peptides --- anticancer peptides --- drug delivery --- peptide antigens --- Aβ --- IAPP --- antimicrobial peptides --- peptides --- diagnostic --- ELISA --- microarray --- PET --- SPECT --- imaging diagnostic --- non-imaging diagnostic --- amphiphilic peptides --- non-viral gene delivery --- nanocarrier --- peptide self-assemblies --- stimuli responsive --- SARS-CoV-2 --- FRET --- molecular docking --- molecular dynamics --- MM-GBSA --- drug repurposing --- antiviral --- cancer --- cyclic peptide --- integrin --- αvβ3 --- ALOS4 --- melanoma --- fluorescent peptide --- environment-sensitive fluorophore --- peptide labeling --- luciferin --- membrane-binding peptide --- antimicrobial peptide --- antitumor peptide --- RGD peptide --- antiproliferative activity --- chirality --- conformational analysis --- density functional theory (DFT) --- ferrocene --- hydrogen bonds --- peptidomimetic --- X-ray --- protein–protein interactions (PPIs) --- voltage-gated Na+ (Nav) channels --- fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14) --- medium spiny neurons (MSNs) --- nucleus accumbens (NAc) --- neurotherapeutics --- cyclophilin A (CypA) --- apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) --- human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells --- staurosporine-mediated cell death --- AIF(370-394) peptide --- caspase-3 --- PARP --- antifungal --- antibacterial --- peptide-based therapies --- synthetic peptides