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Low back pain (LBP) is a major public health problem, being the most commonly reported musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) and the leading cause of compromised quality of life and work absenteeism. Indeed, LBP is the leading worldwide cause of years lost to disability, and its burden is growing alongside the increasing and aging population. The etiology, pathogenesis, and occupational risk factors of LBP are still not fully understood. It is crucial to give a stronger focus to reducing the consequences of LBP, as well as preventing its onset. Primary prevention at the occupational level remains important for highly exposed groups. Therefore, it is essential to identify which treatment options and workplace-based intervention strategies are effective in increasing participation at work and encouraging early return-to-work to reduce the consequences of LBP. The present Special Issue offers a unique opportunity to update many of the recent advances and perspectives of this health problem. A number of topics will be covered in order to attract high-quality research papers, including the following major areas: prevalence and epidemiological data, etiology, prevention, assessment and treatment approaches, and health promotion strategies for LBP. We have received a wide range of submissions, including research on the physical, psychosocial, environmental, and occupational perspectives, also focused on workplace interventions.

Technology: general issues --- Environmental science, engineering & technology --- low back pain (LBP) --- standing position --- musculoskeletal pain --- sedentary behaviour --- back pain --- Google Trends --- infodemiology --- seasonality --- Wikipedia --- back problems --- Low Back Pain Scale --- maximum voluntary isometric contraction --- postural stability --- unexpected external postural perturbations --- disability --- insurance --- low back pain --- lumbar decompression --- lumbar fusion --- musculoskeletal disorders --- occupational health --- pain --- return to work --- satisfaction --- manual therapy --- kinesiophobia --- fear of pain --- Australian method --- Neurac --- chronic --- underserved --- African American --- Latino --- older adults --- workload --- wearable assistive device --- occupational back-support exoskeleton --- EMG --- handling task --- lumbalgia --- physical activity --- prevention --- public health --- occupational safety and health --- risk assessment --- occupational disorder --- knowledge --- rehabilitation nurses --- patient care --- unemployment --- gender difference --- population attributable fraction --- cross-sectional studies --- orthopaedics --- artificial intelligence --- computer vision --- digital image processing --- deep learning --- decision support systems --- computer aided diagnosis --- sub-threshold lumbar instability --- non-radiological lumbar instability --- lumbar instability --- radiography --- lumbar translation --- lumbar rotation --- screening tool --- X-ray --- sensitivity --- specificity --- workplace interventions --- workers --- work ability --- systematic review --- meta-analysis --- cognitive behavioral therapy --- mindfulness-based stress reduction --- depression --- fear-avoidance beliefs --- absenteeism --- epidemiology --- workplace --- epidural steroid injections --- lumbosacral radicular pain --- disk herniation --- canal stenosis --- review --- pelvic incidence --- hip–knee line --- anthropometry --- ROC curve --- reliability --- MRI --- CT --- bone metastasis --- bone cancer --- lung cancer --- prostate cancer --- machine learning --- radiomics --- signature --- spinal load --- core stability --- ergonomics --- low-back pain --- lower extremity

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Low back pain (LBP) is a major public health problem, being the most commonly reported musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) and the leading cause of compromised quality of life and work absenteeism. Indeed, LBP is the leading worldwide cause of years lost to disability, and its burden is growing alongside the increasing and aging population. The etiology, pathogenesis, and occupational risk factors of LBP are still not fully understood. It is crucial to give a stronger focus to reducing the consequences of LBP, as well as preventing its onset. Primary prevention at the occupational level remains important for highly exposed groups. Therefore, it is essential to identify which treatment options and workplace-based intervention strategies are effective in increasing participation at work and encouraging early return-to-work to reduce the consequences of LBP. The present Special Issue offers a unique opportunity to update many of the recent advances and perspectives of this health problem. A number of topics will be covered in order to attract high-quality research papers, including the following major areas: prevalence and epidemiological data, etiology, prevention, assessment and treatment approaches, and health promotion strategies for LBP. We have received a wide range of submissions, including research on the physical, psychosocial, environmental, and occupational perspectives, also focused on workplace interventions.

Technology: general issues --- Environmental science, engineering & technology --- low back pain (LBP) --- standing position --- musculoskeletal pain --- sedentary behaviour --- back pain --- Google Trends --- infodemiology --- seasonality --- Wikipedia --- back problems --- Low Back Pain Scale --- maximum voluntary isometric contraction --- postural stability --- unexpected external postural perturbations --- disability --- insurance --- low back pain --- lumbar decompression --- lumbar fusion --- musculoskeletal disorders --- occupational health --- pain --- return to work --- satisfaction --- manual therapy --- kinesiophobia --- fear of pain --- Australian method --- Neurac --- chronic --- underserved --- African American --- Latino --- older adults --- workload --- wearable assistive device --- occupational back-support exoskeleton --- EMG --- handling task --- lumbalgia --- physical activity --- prevention --- public health --- occupational safety and health --- risk assessment --- occupational disorder --- knowledge --- rehabilitation nurses --- patient care --- unemployment --- gender difference --- population attributable fraction --- cross-sectional studies --- orthopaedics --- artificial intelligence --- computer vision --- digital image processing --- deep learning --- decision support systems --- computer aided diagnosis --- sub-threshold lumbar instability --- non-radiological lumbar instability --- lumbar instability --- radiography --- lumbar translation --- lumbar rotation --- screening tool --- X-ray --- sensitivity --- specificity --- workplace interventions --- workers --- work ability --- systematic review --- meta-analysis --- cognitive behavioral therapy --- mindfulness-based stress reduction --- depression --- fear-avoidance beliefs --- absenteeism --- epidemiology --- workplace --- epidural steroid injections --- lumbosacral radicular pain --- disk herniation --- canal stenosis --- review --- pelvic incidence --- hip–knee line --- anthropometry --- ROC curve --- reliability --- MRI --- CT --- bone metastasis --- bone cancer --- lung cancer --- prostate cancer --- machine learning --- radiomics --- signature --- spinal load --- core stability --- ergonomics --- low-back pain --- lower extremity

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Cumulating evidence shows that lifestyle factors such as physical (in)activity, stress, poor sleep, unhealthy diet, and smoking are associated with chronic pain severity and sustainment across all age categories. A paradigm shift from a tissue- and disease-based approach towards individually tailored multimodal lifestyle interventions should lead to improved outcomes and decrease the psychological and socioeconomic burden of chronic pain. Such an approach fits well into the global move towards precision pain medicine for patients with chronic pain. For these reasons, this book is dedicated to Lifestyle and Chronic Pain.

back pain --- neck pain --- associates --- socio-demographic factors --- psychosocial factors --- lifestyle factors --- sleep–wake disorders --- systematic review --- headache --- cervical spine --- motion --- chronic pain --- musculoskeletal pain --- pain --- chronic low back pain --- sleep --- questionnaire --- cross-cultural validation --- patient-reported outcome measure --- postural control --- dizziness --- actigraphy --- sleep quality --- nutrition --- diet quality --- chronic non-cancer pain --- chronic pelvic pain --- endometriosis --- pelvic girdle pain --- pain management --- physical activity/exercise --- (di)stress --- diet --- smoking --- COVID-19 --- persisting symptoms --- fatigue --- nociplastic pain --- functional status --- central sensitisation --- exercise therapy --- shoulder pain --- cancer survivor --- lifestyle --- obesity --- physical activity --- stress --- perceived injustice --- opioid use --- socioeconomic factors --- psychological factors --- cancer survivors --- exercise --- low back pain --- older adults --- protein intake --- KNHANES --- exposure in vivo --- pain-related fear --- rehabilitation --- complex regional pain syndrome --- child --- adolescent --- pediatric --- insomnia

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This colligated Special Issue of Pharmaceutics on Precision Medicine: Applied Concepts of Pharmacogenomics in Patients with Various Diseases and Polypharmacy offers to the reader a series of articles that describe the concept of Precision Medicine, discuss its implementation process and limitations, demonstrate its value by illustrating some clinical cases, and open the door to new and more sophisticated techniques and applications.

Medicine --- Clinical & internal medicine --- fibromyalgia (FM) --- myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) --- microRNA --- miRNome --- pharmacogenomics --- pharmacoepigenomics --- SM2miR --- Pharmaco-miR --- repoDB --- ME/CFS Common Data Elements (CDEs) --- dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase --- DPYD --- 5-fluorouracil --- fluoropyrimidine --- therapeutic drug monitoring --- orthotopic liver transplant --- busulfan --- glutathione S-transferase --- genetic polymorphism --- limited sampling strategy --- pharmacokinetics --- clinical pharmacogenetics --- pharmacogenetic testing --- adverse drug reactions --- genotype --- phenotype --- pharmacogene --- barriers to pharmacogenetics implementation --- Sub-Saharan Africa --- chronic low back pain (cLBP) --- genetics --- personalized treatment --- polymorphism --- CYP450 --- tacrolimus --- CYP3A5 --- liver transplant --- pharmacogenomic --- minority --- data collection --- drug --- biomarker --- pharmacogenetics --- pharmacogenetic test --- personalized medicine --- gene expression --- infliximab --- adalimumab --- ulcerative colitis --- Crohn disease --- inflammatory bowel disease --- n/a

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This colligated Special Issue of Pharmaceutics on Precision Medicine: Applied Concepts of Pharmacogenomics in Patients with Various Diseases and Polypharmacy offers to the reader a series of articles that describe the concept of Precision Medicine, discuss its implementation process and limitations, demonstrate its value by illustrating some clinical cases, and open the door to new and more sophisticated techniques and applications.

Medicine --- Clinical & internal medicine --- fibromyalgia (FM) --- myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) --- microRNA --- miRNome --- pharmacogenomics --- pharmacoepigenomics --- SM2miR --- Pharmaco-miR --- repoDB --- ME/CFS Common Data Elements (CDEs) --- dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase --- DPYD --- 5-fluorouracil --- fluoropyrimidine --- therapeutic drug monitoring --- orthotopic liver transplant --- busulfan --- glutathione S-transferase --- genetic polymorphism --- limited sampling strategy --- pharmacokinetics --- clinical pharmacogenetics --- pharmacogenetic testing --- adverse drug reactions --- genotype --- phenotype --- pharmacogene --- barriers to pharmacogenetics implementation --- Sub-Saharan Africa --- chronic low back pain (cLBP) --- genetics --- personalized treatment --- polymorphism --- CYP450 --- tacrolimus --- CYP3A5 --- liver transplant --- pharmacogenomic --- minority --- data collection --- drug --- biomarker --- pharmacogenetics --- pharmacogenetic test --- personalized medicine --- gene expression --- infliximab --- adalimumab --- ulcerative colitis --- Crohn disease --- inflammatory bowel disease