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Comfort women --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Service, Compulsory non-military --- History --- Public opinion --- Women --- Atrocities --- Femmes de réconfort --- Guerre mondiale, 1939-1945 --- Réquisitions civiles --- Histoire --- Opinion publique --- Atrocités --- Femmes --- 1939-1945 --- Singapore
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The Oxford Handbook on Atrocity Crimes consolidates and further develops the evolving field of atrocity studies by combining major mono-, inter-, and multi-disciplinary research on atrocity crimes in one volume encompassing contributions of leading scholars. Atrocity crimes-war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide-are manifestations of large scale and systematic criminality committed within specific political, ideological, and societal contexts. These crimes are committed by a multiplicity of actors against a large number of victims who suffer far-reaching consequences. Scholars studying mass atrocities are scattered not only across disciplines-such as international (criminal) law, international relations, criminology, political science, psychology, sociology, history, anthropology, or demography-but also across the topic-related fields, which are by definition multi- and interdisciplinary but are typically limited to a particular category or aspect of atrocity crimes. This Handbook brings together these strands of scholarship on (mass) atrocities and interrogates atrocity crimes as an overarching category of criminality, while simultaneously keeping an eye on differences among the individual constitutive categories. The Handbook covers topics related to the etiology and causes of atrocities, the actors involved, the harm and victims of atrocity crimes, the reactions to mass atrocities, and in-depth case studies of understudied situations of war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide.
Atrocities. --- Genocide. --- Atrocities --- Genocide --- Atrocités. --- Génocide. --- Law and legislation. --- Human rights. --- War crimes. --- Crimes against humanity. --- International criminal law. --- Droits de l'homme. --- Crimes de guerre. --- Crimes contre l'humanité. --- Droit international pénal. --- Atrocités. --- Génocide. --- Crimes contre l'humanité. --- Droit international pénal.
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'After Nuremberg' is about the fleeting nature of American punishment for German war criminals convicted at the twelve Nuremberg trials of 1946-1949. Because of repeated American grants of clemency and parole, ninety-seven of the 142 Germans convicted at the Nuremberg trials, many of them major offenders, regained their freedom years, sometimes decades, ahead of schedule. High-ranking Nazi plunderers, kidnappers, slave laborers, and mass murderers all walked free by 1958. High Commissioner for Occupied Germany John J. McCloy and his successors articulated a vision of impartial American justice as inspiring and legitimizing their actions, as they concluded that German war criminals were entitled to all the remedies American laws offered to better their conditions and reduce their sentences. Based on extensive archival research (including newly declassified material), this book explains how American policy makers' best intentions resulted in a series of decisions from 1949-1958 that produced a self-perpetuating bureaucracy of clemency and parole that "rehabilitated" unrepentant German abettors and perpetrators of theft, slavery, and murder while lending salience to the most reactionary elements in West German political discourse.
Nuremberg Trial of Major German War Criminals, Nuremberg, Germany, 1945-1946. --- War criminals --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Nuremberg, Procès de (1945-1946) --- Criminels de guerre allemands --- Criminels de guerre --- Guerre mondiale (1939-1945) --- HISTORY / Modern / 20th Century / Holocaust. --- Atrocities. --- War criminals. --- History --- Histoire --- Atrocités --- 1900-1999 --- Germany.
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Hannah Arendt's authoritative and stunning report on the trial of German Nazi SS leader Adolf Eichmann first appeared as a series of articles in the New Yorker in 1963. A major journalistic triumph by an intellectual of singular influence, Eichmann in Jerusalem is as shocking as it is informative, a meticulous and unflinching look at one of the most unsettling (and unsettled) issues of the twentieth century.
Atrocities. --- Eichmann-proces. --- Guerre mondiale, 1939-1945 --- Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945). --- Holocauste, 1939-1945. --- Nazis --- Nazis. --- Procès (Crimes de guerre) --- War crime trials --- War crime trials. --- War criminals --- War criminals. --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Atrocités. --- Eichmann, Adolf, --- Trials, litigation, etc. --- 1939-1945. --- Germany. --- Middle East
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"Voici l'histoire d'un meurtre politique de masse." C'est par ces mots que Timothy Snyder entame le récit de la catastrophe au cours de laquelle, entre 1933 et 1945, 14 millions de civils, principalement des femmes, des enfants et des vieillards, ont été tués par l'Allemagne nazie et l'Union soviétique stalinienne. Tous l'ont été dans un même territoire, que l'auteur appelle les "terres de sang" et qui s'étend de la Pologne centrale à la Russie occidentale en passant par l'Ukraine, la Biélorussie et les pays Baltes. Plus de la moitié d'entre eux sont morts de faim. Deux des plus grands massacres de l'histoire, les famines préméditées par Staline, principalement en Ukraine, au début des années 1930, qui ont fait plus de 4 millions de morts, et l'affamement par Hitler de quelque 3 millions et demi de prisonniers de guerre soviétiques, au début des années 1940, ont été perpétrés ainsi. Tous deux ont précédé l'Holocauste et, selon Timothy Snyder, aident à le comprendre. Les victimes des deux régimes ont laissé de nombreuses traces. Tombées après la guerre de l'autre côté du rideau de fer, elles sont restées dans l'oubli pendant plus de soixante ans et ne sont revenues au jour qu'à la faveur de la chute du communisme. Timothy Snyder en offre pour la première fois une synthèse si puissante qu'un nouveau chapitre de l'histoire de l'Europe paraît s'ouvrir avec lui. Ce faisant, il redonne humanité et dignité à ces millions de morts privés de sépultures et comme effacés du souvenir des vivants. Par sa démarche novatrice, centrée sur le territoire, son approche globale, la masse de langues mobilisées, de sources dépouillées, l'idée même que les morts ne s'additionnent pas, Timothy Snyder offre ici un grand livre d'histoire en même temps qu'une méditation sur l'écriture de l'histoire.
Guerre mondiale, 2e, 1939-1945 --- Genocide - Europe, Eastern - History - 20th century --- Massacres - Europe, Eastern - History - 20th century --- Holocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) --- World War, 1939-1945 - Atrocities --- Massacre --- Famine --- Génocide --- Holocauste --- XXe s., 1901-2000 --- Stalin, Joseph, - 1879-1953 --- Hitler, Adolf, - 1889-1945 --- Staline, Joseph, 1879-1953 --- Hitler, Adolf, 1889-1945 --- Europe de l'Est --- Europe Centrale --- Europe, Central - History - 20th century --- Europe, Eastern - History - 1918-1945 --- Soviet Union - History - 1917-1936 --- Germany - History - 1933-1945 --- Atrocités politiques --- Totalitarianism --- Political atrocities --- Genocide --- World War, 1939-1945 --- History --- Atrocities --- Europe, Eastern --- Massacres --- Europe, Central --- Soviet Union --- Germany
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"This book explores, through the lens of the conflict in Syria, why international law and the United Nations have failed to halt conflict and massive human rights violations in many places around the world. The work presents a critical socio-legal analysis of the failures of international law and the United Nations to deal with mass atrocities and conflict. It argues that international law, in the way it is set up and the way it operates, falls short in dealing with these issues in many respects. The argument is that international law is state-centred rather than victim-friendly, is to some extent outdated, is vague and often difficult to understand, and therefore, at times, hard to apply. While various accountability processes have come to the fore recently, processes do not exist to assist individual victims while the conflict occurs, or the abuses are being perpetrated. The book focuses on the problems of international law and the UN, and, in the context of the many enforced disappearances and arbitrary detentions in Syria, why nothing has been done to deal with a rogue state that has regularly violated international law. It examines why the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) has not been applied, and why it ought to be used, generally and in Syria. It uses the Syrian context to evaluate the weaknesses of the system and why reform is needed. It examines the UN institutional mechanisms, the role they play and why a civilian protection system is needed. It examines what mechanism ought to be set up to deal with the possible one million people that have been disappeared and detained in Syria"--
Humanitarian law --- Responsibility to protect (International law) --- Political persecution --- Disappeared persons --- Detention of persons --- War victims --- Criminal procedure --- Desaparecidos --- Missing persons --- Victims of state-sponsored terrorism --- Political repression --- Repression, Political --- Persecution --- Civil rights --- International law --- Humanitarian conventions --- International humanitarian law --- War (International law) --- Law and legislation --- Syria --- Sirii︠a︡ --- Iqlīm al-Sūrī (United Arab Republic) --- Iqlīm al-Shamālī (United Arab Republic) --- Syrian Region (United Arab Republic) --- سوريا --- Sūriyā --- Jumhūrīyah al-ʻArabīyah al-Sūrīyah --- Syrian Arab Republic --- République arabe syrienne --- Sowria --- Syrie --- R.A.S. --- RAS --- Ittiḥād al-Duwal al-Sūrīyah --- Fédération des États de Syrie --- Syrische Arabische Republik --- SAR --- Suryah --- Arabska Republika Syryjska --- Syrien --- Jumhuriya al-Arabya as-Suriya --- Repubblica Araba Siriana --- جمهورية العربية السورية --- Jumhūriyyah al-ʻArabiyyah as-Sūriyyah --- Сірыя --- Siryi︠a︡ --- Сірыйская Арабская Рэспубліка --- Siryĭskai︠a︡ Arabskai︠a︡ Rėspublika --- Сирийската арабска република --- Siriĭskata arabska republika --- Συρία --- Αραβική Δημοκρατία της Συρίας --- Aravikē Dēmokratia tēs Syrias --- 시리아 --- Siria --- סוריה --- רפובליקה הערבית הסורית --- Republiḳah ha-ʻArvit ha-Surit --- シリア --- Shiria --- Сирия --- Сирийская Арабская Республика --- Siriĭskai︠a︡ Arabskai︠a︡ Respublika --- Сирія --- Syrii︠a︡ --- Сирійська Арабська республіка --- Syriĭsʹka Arabsʹka respublika --- 敘利亞 --- Xuliya --- United Arab Republic --- History --- Law and legislation. --- Atrocities. --- Politics and government --- Victims of war --- Victims --- Droit humanitaire. --- Responsabilité de protéger (droit international) --- Répression politique. --- Personnes disparues. --- Victimes de guerre. --- Syrie. --- Droit --- Atrocités --- Droit humanitaire --- Répression politique --- Personnes disparues --- Victimes de guerre --- Responsabilité de protéger (droit international) --- Répression politique --- Atrocités
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