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The first nonlinear optical effect was observed in the 19th century by John Kerr. Nonlinear optics, however, started to grow up only after the invention of the laser, when intense light sources became easily available. The seminal studies by Peter Franken and Nicolaas Bloembergen, in the 1960s, paved the way for the development of today’s nonlinear photonics, the field of research that encompasses all the studies, designs, and implementations of nonlinear optical devices that can be used for the generation, communication, and processing of information. This field has attracted significant attention, partly due to the great potential of exploiting the optical nonlinearities of new or advanced materials to induce new phenomena and achieve new functions. According to Clarivate Web of Science, almost 200,000 papers were published that refer to the topic “nonlinear optic*”. Over 36,000 papers were published in the last four years (2015–2018) with the same keyword, and over 17,000 used the keyword “nonlinear photonic*”. The present Special Issue of Micromachines aims at reviewing the current state of the art and presenting perspectives of further development. Fundamental and applicative aspects are considered, with special attention paid to hot topics that may lead to technological and scientific breakthroughs.

Technology: general issues --- GeSn --- quantum dot --- electric field --- intersubband nonlinear optics --- absorption coefficients --- refractive index changes --- pure state --- cascaded spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) --- numerical simulation --- transparent conductive oxide --- coherent perfect absorption --- epsilon-near-zero media --- light-with-light modulation --- refractive index change --- non-linear photonics --- optical fibers --- thermal poling --- numerical analysis --- extrinsic chirality --- second harmonic generation --- GaAs nanowires --- plasmonic coating --- second-harmonic generation --- waveguide --- AlGaAs --- optical frequency combs --- quadratic nonlinearity --- optical parametric oscillator --- modulation instability --- stimulated raman scattering --- fiber optics --- amplifiers --- lasers --- optical communication systems --- kerr nonlinearity --- whispering gallery mode --- optical resonators --- stimulated brillouin scattering --- optomechanical oscillations --- nonlinear optics --- stimulated Raman scattering --- microphotonics --- nanophotonics --- nonlinear waveguide --- optical microcavity --- photonics crystals --- nanocrystals --- optical resonances --- harmonic generation --- four-wave mixing --- optical switching --- sub-wavelength gratings --- Mie scattering --- Fano resonances --- guided-mode resonance --- terahertz --- nonlinear optical conversion --- complex optical systems --- adaptive imaging --- single-pixel imaging --- surface nonlinear photonics --- n/a

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The first nonlinear optical effect was observed in the 19th century by John Kerr. Nonlinear optics, however, started to grow up only after the invention of the laser, when intense light sources became easily available. The seminal studies by Peter Franken and Nicolaas Bloembergen, in the 1960s, paved the way for the development of today’s nonlinear photonics, the field of research that encompasses all the studies, designs, and implementations of nonlinear optical devices that can be used for the generation, communication, and processing of information. This field has attracted significant attention, partly due to the great potential of exploiting the optical nonlinearities of new or advanced materials to induce new phenomena and achieve new functions. According to Clarivate Web of Science, almost 200,000 papers were published that refer to the topic “nonlinear optic*”. Over 36,000 papers were published in the last four years (2015–2018) with the same keyword, and over 17,000 used the keyword “nonlinear photonic*”. The present Special Issue of Micromachines aims at reviewing the current state of the art and presenting perspectives of further development. Fundamental and applicative aspects are considered, with special attention paid to hot topics that may lead to technological and scientific breakthroughs.

Technology: general issues --- GeSn --- quantum dot --- electric field --- intersubband nonlinear optics --- absorption coefficients --- refractive index changes --- pure state --- cascaded spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) --- numerical simulation --- transparent conductive oxide --- coherent perfect absorption --- epsilon-near-zero media --- light-with-light modulation --- refractive index change --- non-linear photonics --- optical fibers --- thermal poling --- numerical analysis --- extrinsic chirality --- second harmonic generation --- GaAs nanowires --- plasmonic coating --- second-harmonic generation --- waveguide --- AlGaAs --- optical frequency combs --- quadratic nonlinearity --- optical parametric oscillator --- modulation instability --- stimulated raman scattering --- fiber optics --- amplifiers --- lasers --- optical communication systems --- kerr nonlinearity --- whispering gallery mode --- optical resonators --- stimulated brillouin scattering --- optomechanical oscillations --- nonlinear optics --- stimulated Raman scattering --- microphotonics --- nanophotonics --- nonlinear waveguide --- optical microcavity --- photonics crystals --- nanocrystals --- optical resonances --- harmonic generation --- four-wave mixing --- optical switching --- sub-wavelength gratings --- Mie scattering --- Fano resonances --- guided-mode resonance --- terahertz --- nonlinear optical conversion --- complex optical systems --- adaptive imaging --- single-pixel imaging --- surface nonlinear photonics

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This book is intended to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art in specialty photonic crystal fiber technology and its multiple applications, combined with an optimistic outlook to what lies ahead. It comprises six original research papers and one review from different leading research institutions worldwide.

stimulated Raman scattering --- hollow-core photonic crystal fibers --- fiber lasers --- gas lasers --- hollow-core photonic crystal fiber --- soliton --- photoionization --- dispersive wave --- chalcogenide glasses --- 3D printing --- mid-infrared fibers --- photonic crystal fibers --- photonic bandgap fiber --- resonance --- dispersion management --- supercontinuum generation --- photonic crystal fiber --- polarization modulation instability --- ANDi fiber --- liquid-filled PCF --- hollow core fiber --- optical waveguide design --- mid-infrared beam delivery --- hollow-core fiber --- fiber gas laser --- n/a

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Optics and photonics are among the key technologies of the 21st century, and offer potential for novel applications in areas such as sensing and spectroscopy, analytics, monitoring, biomedical imaging/diagnostics, and optical communication technology. The high degree of control over light fields, together with the capabilities of modern processing and integration technology, enables new optical measurement systems with enhanced functionality and sensitivity. They are attractive for a range of applications that were previously inaccessible. This Special Issue aims to provide an overview of some of the most advanced application areas in optics and photonics and indicate the broad potential for the future.

Technology: general issues --- optical --- electric-field --- sensor --- measurement --- transient voltage --- AC power grid --- Pockels effect --- dermatoscopy --- skin screening --- biomedical imaging --- fiber optic sensor --- Sagnac loop --- intensity-modulated --- DWDM --- strain sensor --- structural health monitoring (SHM) --- functionalized carbon structure (FCS) --- carbon reinforced concrete (CRC) --- fiber optic sensor (FOS) --- optical glass fiber --- wavefront sensor --- spatial light modulator --- contour-sum method --- topological charge --- orbital angular momentum --- optical coherence tomography --- Monte Carlo simulation --- structural imaging --- functional sensing --- optical scatterometry --- inverse problem --- profile reconstruction --- dependence analysis --- data refinement --- electro-optic dual-comb interferometry --- laser Doppler velocimetry --- Traceability --- sub-nanosecond laser --- high peak power --- Nd:YVO4 --- stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) --- thermal fracture --- wireless NoC (WiNoC) --- graphene based WiNoCs (GWiNoCs) --- wireless nanosensor networks (WNSNs) --- surface plasmon polariton (SPP) --- GFET --- multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) --- graphennas --- THz transceiver --- Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) --- Few-Mode Fiber (FMF) --- principle mode groups (PMG) --- Bragg grating (BG) --- multi-mode fiber bragg grating --- multi-parameter sensing --- DAS --- fiber optic sensing --- train tracking --- pattern recognition --- hybrid lens --- optical wireless communications --- Li-Fi --- freeform lens --- optic design --- rotary interfaces --- rotary joint --- wireless rotary electrical interface --- rotating electrical connectors --- full-duplex data transfer --- Gigabit-Ethernet --- industrial communications --- real-time --- pathogen detection --- microfluidics --- image processing --- computational algorithms --- integrated optics and photonics --- integrated polymer optics --- organic laser --- integration --- polymeric waveguide --- Lab-on-a-Chip --- fiber optical sensing --- biosensing --- optofluidics --- integrated optics and photoncis --- optical analytics --- medical imaging and diagnostics --- optical communication technology --- distributed sensing

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
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Optics and photonics are among the key technologies of the 21st century, and offer potential for novel applications in areas such as sensing and spectroscopy, analytics, monitoring, biomedical imaging/diagnostics, and optical communication technology. The high degree of control over light fields, together with the capabilities of modern processing and integration technology, enables new optical measurement systems with enhanced functionality and sensitivity. They are attractive for a range of applications that were previously inaccessible. This Special Issue aims to provide an overview of some of the most advanced application areas in optics and photonics and indicate the broad potential for the future.

Technology: general issues --- optical --- electric-field --- sensor --- measurement --- transient voltage --- AC power grid --- Pockels effect --- dermatoscopy --- skin screening --- biomedical imaging --- fiber optic sensor --- Sagnac loop --- intensity-modulated --- DWDM --- strain sensor --- structural health monitoring (SHM) --- functionalized carbon structure (FCS) --- carbon reinforced concrete (CRC) --- fiber optic sensor (FOS) --- optical glass fiber --- wavefront sensor --- spatial light modulator --- contour-sum method --- topological charge --- orbital angular momentum --- optical coherence tomography --- Monte Carlo simulation --- structural imaging --- functional sensing --- optical scatterometry --- inverse problem --- profile reconstruction --- dependence analysis --- data refinement --- electro-optic dual-comb interferometry --- laser Doppler velocimetry --- Traceability --- sub-nanosecond laser --- high peak power --- Nd:YVO4 --- stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) --- thermal fracture --- wireless NoC (WiNoC) --- graphene based WiNoCs (GWiNoCs) --- wireless nanosensor networks (WNSNs) --- surface plasmon polariton (SPP) --- GFET --- multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) --- graphennas --- THz transceiver --- Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) --- Few-Mode Fiber (FMF) --- principle mode groups (PMG) --- Bragg grating (BG) --- multi-mode fiber bragg grating --- multi-parameter sensing --- DAS --- fiber optic sensing --- train tracking --- pattern recognition --- hybrid lens --- optical wireless communications --- Li-Fi --- freeform lens --- optic design --- rotary interfaces --- rotary joint --- wireless rotary electrical interface --- rotating electrical connectors --- full-duplex data transfer --- Gigabit-Ethernet --- industrial communications --- real-time --- pathogen detection --- microfluidics --- image processing --- computational algorithms --- integrated optics and photonics --- integrated polymer optics --- organic laser --- integration --- polymeric waveguide --- Lab-on-a-Chip --- fiber optical sensing --- biosensing --- optofluidics --- integrated optics and photoncis --- optical analytics --- medical imaging and diagnostics --- optical communication technology --- distributed sensing