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The Building sector requires a conspicuous considerable amount of energy for services related to annual air-conditioning and the thermal comfort of indoor spaces. The design of highly efficient low-energy buildings is often a challenging task, especially in the mediterranean area, where the balanced requirement for heating and cooling energy does not usually permit a high level of envelope insulation in order to avoid summer overheating. This topical Special Issue of Energies is dedicated to “High Efficient Buildings in Mediterranean Area: Challenges and Perspectives” and collects studies related to the assessment and evaluation of systems and technologies for building energy management and control in the Mediterranean climate, with the aim of optimizing the building–plant system and reducing energy use. This collection of papers presents the latest research results related to the topic; these articles offer valuable insights into the energy simulation of highly efficient buildings, propose innovative envelope solutions, such as green roofs, Trombe walls, and PCM, and investigate the use of renewable sources such as photovoltaic systems. The topics also include the innovative use and control of Venetian blinds and fixed solar shades in order to reduce energy consumption and preserve visual comfort, as well as an interesting economic analysis based on the cost-optimal approach.

Research & information: general --- Technology: general issues --- nZEB --- photovoltaics --- geothermal energy system --- energy storage units --- energy transactions --- life cycle cost assessment --- payback period --- building design --- cost-optimal analysis --- BEopt --- economic projections --- smart solar shading --- energy saving --- venetian blinds --- trombe wall --- experimental analysis --- solar gains --- PCM thermal storage --- bioclimatic strategy --- traditional constructive technology --- wine vinification --- energetic retrofit --- shading systems --- multi-objective optimization --- energy savings --- visual comfort --- renewable energy sources --- PV systems configurations --- energy storage --- net present value --- emission reduction --- weather data --- typical weather year --- building energy simulations --- residential building --- energy demand --- energy efficiency policy --- nearly zero energy building --- Positive Energy Building --- energy performance of buildings --- thermal behaviour --- thermal dynamic simulation --- prefabricated buildings --- SUPRIM --- EnergyPlus --- building energy performance --- phase change materials --- green roof --- measurements --- thermal behavior --- monitoring --- dynamic model --- nZEB --- photovoltaics --- geothermal energy system --- energy storage units --- energy transactions --- life cycle cost assessment --- payback period --- building design --- cost-optimal analysis --- BEopt --- economic projections --- smart solar shading --- energy saving --- venetian blinds --- trombe wall --- experimental analysis --- solar gains --- PCM thermal storage --- bioclimatic strategy --- traditional constructive technology --- wine vinification --- energetic retrofit --- shading systems --- multi-objective optimization --- energy savings --- visual comfort --- renewable energy sources --- PV systems configurations --- energy storage --- net present value --- emission reduction --- weather data --- typical weather year --- building energy simulations --- residential building --- energy demand --- energy efficiency policy --- nearly zero energy building --- Positive Energy Building --- energy performance of buildings --- thermal behaviour --- thermal dynamic simulation --- prefabricated buildings --- SUPRIM --- EnergyPlus --- building energy performance --- phase change materials --- green roof --- measurements --- thermal behavior --- monitoring --- dynamic model

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The book “Assessment of Renewable Energy Resources with Remote Sensing" focuses on disseminating scientific knowledge and technological developments for the assessment and forecasting of renewable energy resources using remote sensing techniques. The eleven papers inside the book provide an overview of remote sensing applications on hydro, solar, wind and geothermal energy resources and their major goal is to provide state of art knowledge to contribute with the renewable energy resource deployment, especially in regions where energy demand is rapidly expanding. Renewable energy resources have an intrinsic relationship with local environmental features and the regional climate. Even small and fast environment and/or climate changes can cause significant variability in power generation at different time and space scales. Methodologies based on remote sensing are the primary source of information for the development of numerical models that aim to support the planning and operation of an electric system with a substantial contribution of intermittent energy sources. In addition, reliable data and knowledge on renewable energy resource assessment are fundamental to ensure sustainable expansion considering environmental, financial and energetic security.

Research & information: general --- metaheuristic --- parameter extraction --- solar photovoltaic --- whale optimization algorithm --- cloud detection --- digitized image processing --- artificial neural networks --- solar irradiance estimation --- solar irradiance forecasting --- solar energy --- sky camera --- remote sensing --- CSP plants --- coastal wind measurements --- scanning LiDAR --- plan position indicator --- velocity volume processing --- Hazaki Oceanographical Research Station --- cloud coverage --- image processing --- total sky imagery --- geothermal energy --- geophysical prospecting --- time domain electromagnetic method --- electrical resistivity tomography --- potential well field location --- GES-CAL software --- smart island --- solar radiation forecasting --- light gradient boosting machine --- multistep-ahead prediction --- feature importance --- voxel-design approach --- shading envelopes --- point cloud data --- computational design method --- passive design strategy --- lake breeze influence --- hydropower reservoir --- solar irradiance enhancement --- solar energy resource --- wind speed --- extreme value analysis --- scatterometer --- feature engineering --- forecasting --- graphical user interface software --- machine learning --- photovoltaic power plant --- surface solar radiation --- global radiation --- satellite --- Baltic area --- coastline --- cloud --- convection --- climate --- renewable energy resource assessment and forecasting --- remote sensing data acquisition --- data processing --- statistical analysis --- machine learning techniques

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Communities increasingly find that the water quality, water levels, or some other resource indicator in their river basins do not meet their expectations. This discrepancy between the desired and actual state of the resource leads to efforts in river basin restoration. River basins are complex systems, and too often, restoration efforts are ineffective due to a lack of understanding of the purpose of the system, defined by the system structure and function. The river basin structure includes stocks (e.g., water level or quality), inflows (e.g., precipitation or fertilization), outflows (e.g., evaporation or runoff), and positive and negative feedback loops with delays in responsiveness, all of which function to change or stabilize the state of the system (e.g., the stock of interest, such as water level or quality). External drivers on this structure, together with goals and rules, contribute to how a river basin functions. This book reviews several new research projects to identify and rank the twelve most effective leverage points to address discrepancies between the desired and actual state of the river basin system. This book demonstrates that river basin restoration is most likely to succeed when we change paradigms rather than try to change the system elements, as the paradigm will establish the system goals, structure, rules, delays, and parameters.

Technology: general issues --- River thermal pollution --- Mechanistic model --- Urban hydrology --- Riparian shading --- Heat balance --- functional indicators --- stream restoration --- riparian vegetation --- fencing --- cotton tensile-strength loss --- wood decay --- ecosystem metabolism --- organic matter transport --- catchment restoration --- structure-function relationships --- total water pollutant control --- pollutant load allocation --- equity and efficiency --- regional and site-specific scale --- environmental Gini coefficient models --- Delphi-analytic hierarchy process models --- water quality in streams --- self-purification --- nitrates --- phosphates --- hyporheic zone --- hyporheic exchange --- evapotranspiration --- groundwater modeling --- environmental flow component --- Ethiopia --- holistic environmental flow assessment --- hydrological foundation --- indicators of hydrologic alteration software --- Lake Tana --- boulder spacing --- submergence ratio --- near-bed shear stress --- Reynolds shear stress --- turbulent events --- river engineering --- meander bend --- CFD simulation --- hydraulic complexity --- flood mapping --- uncertainty --- Bayesian inference --- rating curve --- watershed --- systems --- restoration --- Kalgoorlie-Boulder (SE WA Goldfields SH51-09)

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The energy transition is one of the key approaches in the effort to halt climate changes, and it has become even more essential in the light of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Fostering the energy efficiency and the energy independence of the building sector is a focal aim to move towards a decarbonized society. In this context, building physics and building energy systems are fundamental disciplines based on applied physics applications in civil, architectural, and environmental engineering, including technical themes related to the planning of energy and the environment, diagnostic methods, and mitigating techniques. This Special Issue contains information on experimental studies in the following research topics: renewable energy sources, building energy analysis, rational use of energy, heat transmission, heating and cooling systems, thermofluid dynamics, smart energy systems, and energy service management in buildings.

LIDAR point clouds --- 3D urban model --- rooftop modeling --- segmentation --- reconstruction --- 3D building --- setting temperature of hot water --- solar cooling --- absorption chiller --- subcooled compression --- hybrid system --- 3D thermography --- thermal imaging --- laser scanning --- integration methodology --- extrinsic calibration --- decoupled acquisition --- heritage conservation --- green roof --- experimental investigation --- thermal performance --- measurements --- simulations --- India --- BIPV/BAPV --- BIPV-Glazing --- JNNSM --- MNRE --- Zero energy-building --- stolen heat --- energy efficiency --- heat metering --- heat accounting --- dynamic simulation --- social housing --- building simulation --- heat cost allocators --- thermostatic radiator valves --- marine renewables --- remote sensing --- offshore wind --- SWOT(strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis --- greenhouse modeling --- energy demand --- thermal screen --- shading screen --- smart rooftop technologies --- solar energy --- urban heat island --- building codes --- energy policies --- 3D roof city model --- urban landscapes

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The energy transition is one of the key approaches in the effort to halt climate changes, and it has become even more essential in the light of the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Fostering the energy efficiency and the energy independence of the building sector is a focal aim to move towards a decarbonized society. In this context, building physics and building energy systems are fundamental disciplines based on applied physics applications in civil, architectural, and environmental engineering, including technical themes related to the planning of energy and the environment, diagnostic methods, and mitigating techniques. This Special Issue contains information on experimental studies in the following research topics: renewable energy sources, building energy analysis, rational use of energy, heat transmission, heating and cooling systems, thermofluid dynamics, smart energy systems, and energy service management in buildings.

History of engineering & technology --- LIDAR point clouds --- 3D urban model --- rooftop modeling --- segmentation --- reconstruction --- 3D building --- setting temperature of hot water --- solar cooling --- absorption chiller --- subcooled compression --- hybrid system --- 3D thermography --- thermal imaging --- laser scanning --- integration methodology --- extrinsic calibration --- decoupled acquisition --- heritage conservation --- green roof --- experimental investigation --- thermal performance --- measurements --- simulations --- India --- BIPV/BAPV --- BIPV-Glazing --- JNNSM --- MNRE --- Zero energy-building --- stolen heat --- energy efficiency --- heat metering --- heat accounting --- dynamic simulation --- social housing --- building simulation --- heat cost allocators --- thermostatic radiator valves --- marine renewables --- remote sensing --- offshore wind --- SWOT(strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis --- greenhouse modeling --- energy demand --- thermal screen --- shading screen --- smart rooftop technologies --- solar energy --- urban heat island --- building codes --- energy policies --- 3D roof city model --- urban landscapes