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Elastomer materials are characterized by their high elongation and (entropy) elasticity, which makes them indispensable for widespread applications in various engineering and medical areas as well as consumer goods. This book focuses on the state-of-the-art of elastomers covering all aspects from their properties to applications. The development and testing of advanced elastomers is of particular interest. Attention is given to various aspects of elastomers, such as ever-increasing environmental concepts dealing with recyclability and reusability, incorporation of functional groups or additives to obtain novel functionality or bioelastomers, analytical description of mechanisms and structure relations of the fracture behavior of elastomers, and their external stimuli-responsive character. The scope of the book encompasses contributions at the frontier of science in polymer network synthesis, experimental and theoretical physics of polymer networks, and new structures and functionalities incorporated into elastomers leading to enhanced properties of crosslinked elastomeric materials, among others.

History of engineering & technology --- magnetorheological elastomer --- filler --- hetero-aggregation --- nanosized Ni-Mg cobalt ferrites --- electrical resistance --- resistivity --- rheological properties --- elastomers --- in-situ silica --- friction --- abrasion --- tear fatigue test --- buffing dust collagen (BDC) --- styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) --- polymer composites --- biodegradation --- bio-oil --- bio-based plasticizer --- eco-friendly plasticizer --- acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber --- NBR --- mechanical testing --- thermo-oxidative aging --- vulcanized rubber --- rubber compounds --- carbon black --- vibration damping --- viscoelasticity --- magnetorheological --- elastomer --- magnetic particle --- viscoelastic --- rheological --- smart materials --- coating --- particle coating --- n/a --- styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)

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The oil industry has, in the last decade, seen successful applications of nanotechnology in completion systems, completion fluids, drilling fluids, and in improvements of well constructions, equipment, and procedures. However, very few full field applications of nanoparticles as an additive to injection fluids for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) have been reported. Many types of chemical enhanced oil recovery methods have been used in fields all over the world for many decades and have resulted in higher recovery, but the projects have very often not been economic. Therefore, the oil industry is searching for a more efficient enhanced oil recovery method. Based on the success of nanotechnology in various areas of the oil industry, nanoparticles have been extensively studied as an additive in injection fluids for EOR. This book includes a selection of research articles on the use of nanoparticles for EOR application. The articles are discussing nanoparticles as additive in waterflooding and surfactant flooding, stability and wettability alteration ability of nanoparticles and nanoparticle stabilized foam for CO2-EOR. The book also includes articles on nanoparticles as an additive in biopolymer flooding and studies on the use of nanocellulose as a method to increase the viscosity of injection water. Mathematical models of the injection of nanoparticle-polymer solutions are also presented.

Technology: general issues --- nanomaterials --- pore throat size distribution --- mercury injection capillary pressure --- interfacial tension --- contact angle --- enhanced oil recovery --- surfactant --- nanoparticle --- chemical flooding --- nanocellulose --- cellulose nanocrystals --- TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils --- microfluidics --- biopolymer --- silica nanoparticles --- nanoparticle stability --- reservoir condition --- reservoir rock --- crude oil --- nanoparticle agglomeration --- polymer flooding --- formation rheological characteristics --- polymer concentration --- recovery factor --- mathematical model --- nanoparticles --- foam --- CO2 EOR --- CO2 mobility control --- nanotechnology for EOR --- nanoparticles stability --- polymer-coated nanoparticles --- core flood --- EOR --- wettability alteration --- nanoparticle-stabilized emulsion and flow diversion --- nanomaterials --- pore throat size distribution --- mercury injection capillary pressure --- interfacial tension --- contact angle --- enhanced oil recovery --- surfactant --- nanoparticle --- chemical flooding --- nanocellulose --- cellulose nanocrystals --- TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils --- microfluidics --- biopolymer --- silica nanoparticles --- nanoparticle stability --- reservoir condition --- reservoir rock --- crude oil --- nanoparticle agglomeration --- polymer flooding --- formation rheological characteristics --- polymer concentration --- recovery factor --- mathematical model --- nanoparticles --- foam --- CO2 EOR --- CO2 mobility control --- nanotechnology for EOR --- nanoparticles stability --- polymer-coated nanoparticles --- core flood --- EOR --- wettability alteration --- nanoparticle-stabilized emulsion and flow diversion

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The oil industry has, in the last decade, seen successful applications of nanotechnology in completion systems, completion fluids, drilling fluids, and in improvements of well constructions, equipment, and procedures. However, very few full field applications of nanoparticles as an additive to injection fluids for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) have been reported. Many types of chemical enhanced oil recovery methods have been used in fields all over the world for many decades and have resulted in higher recovery, but the projects have very often not been economic. Therefore, the oil industry is searching for a more efficient enhanced oil recovery method. Based on the success of nanotechnology in various areas of the oil industry, nanoparticles have been extensively studied as an additive in injection fluids for EOR. This book includes a selection of research articles on the use of nanoparticles for EOR application. The articles are discussing nanoparticles as additive in waterflooding and surfactant flooding, stability and wettability alteration ability of nanoparticles and nanoparticle stabilized foam for CO2-EOR. The book also includes articles on nanoparticles as an additive in biopolymer flooding and studies on the use of nanocellulose as a method to increase the viscosity of injection water. Mathematical models of the injection of nanoparticle-polymer solutions are also presented.

nanomaterials --- pore throat size distribution --- mercury injection capillary pressure --- interfacial tension --- contact angle --- enhanced oil recovery --- surfactant --- nanoparticle --- chemical flooding --- nanocellulose --- cellulose nanocrystals --- TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils --- microfluidics --- biopolymer --- silica nanoparticles --- nanoparticle stability --- reservoir condition --- reservoir rock --- crude oil --- nanoparticle agglomeration --- polymer flooding --- formation rheological characteristics --- polymer concentration --- recovery factor --- mathematical model --- nanoparticles --- foam --- CO2 EOR --- CO2 mobility control --- nanotechnology for EOR --- nanoparticles stability --- polymer-coated nanoparticles --- core flood --- EOR --- wettability alteration --- nanoparticle-stabilized emulsion and flow diversion --- n/a

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The interaction of metal with its environment that results in its chemical alteration is called metallic corrosion. According to the literature, corrosion is classified to two types: uniform and localized corrosion. Intervention in either in the alloy environment or in the alloy structure can provide the corrosion protection of metallic materials. Furthermore, the interference in the metal alloy environment can be conducted with the utilization of cathodic or anodic protection via the corresponding inhibitors. Therefore, the most common categorization is cathodic, anodic, and mixed-type inhibitors, taking into account which half-reaction they suppress during corrosion phenomena. The majority of the organic inhibitors are of mixed type and perform through chemisorption. In order to update the field of the corrosion protection of metal and metal alloys with the use of organic inhibitors, a Special Issue entitled "Advances in Organic Corrosion Inhibitors and Protective Coatings" is introduced. This book gathers and reviews a collection of ten contributions (nine articles and one review), from authors from Europe, Asia, and Africa, that were accepted for publication in this Special Issue of Applied Sciences.

corrosion --- reinforcements --- concrete --- slag --- LFS --- grounding grid --- metal corrosion --- topology detection --- corrosion detection --- nondestructive testing --- coating --- metallic bipolar plate --- PEMFC --- TiNb --- TiNbN --- brass --- chloride --- triazole derivatives --- poly(phenylene methylene) coatings --- PPM-related copolymer --- rheological additive-free polymer formulation --- AA2024 --- corrosion protection --- electrochemistry --- aluminum 7075 --- anodizing --- oil-impregnation --- corrosion resistance --- salt spray test --- Cerium oxide nanoparticles --- anti-reflection --- self-assembly --- microfluidics --- convective self-assembly --- corrosion inhibitor --- corrosion mechanism --- cysteine --- thin film --- C-Mnsteel --- corrosion inhibitors --- bio-copolymer --- starch --- glycerin --- mild steel --- EIS --- SEM --- Raman spectroscopy --- pitting corrosion --- synergistic effect --- n/a

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Additive manufacturing (AM) methods have grown and evolved rapidly in recent years. AM for polymers is an exciting field and has great potential in transformative and translational research in many fields, such as biomedical, aerospace, and even electronics. Current methods for polymer AM include material extrusion, material jetting, vat polymerisation, and powder bed fusion. With the promise of more applications, detailed understanding of AM—from the processability of the feedstock to the relationship between the process–structure–properties of AM parts—has become more critical. More research work is needed in material development to widen the choice of materials for polymer additive manufacturing. Modelling and simulations of the process will allow the prediction of microstructures and mechanical properties of the fabricated parts while complementing the understanding of the physical phenomena that occurs during the AM processes. In this book, state-of-the-art reviews and current research are collated, which focus on the process–structure–properties relationships in polymer additive manufacturing.

Technology: general issues --- Three Point Bending test --- mode I fracture toughness --- selective laser sintering --- polyamide and Alumide --- geometrical errors --- microstructure. --- 3D printing --- additive manufacturing --- material extrusion --- silicone --- meniscus implant --- material jetting --- polymer --- machine capability --- process capability --- statistical process control --- quality --- variability --- tolerance grade --- Fused Filament Fabrication --- thermoplastic polyurethane --- energy absorption --- dynamic compression --- crashworthiness --- Simplified Rubber Material --- Ls Dyna --- magnetic composites --- ferrite composites --- field structuring --- microstructure control --- rheological modifications --- fused filament fabrication --- polymers --- fibre reinforcement --- mechanical properties --- CFRP --- PLA mold --- fused deposition modeling --- vacuum bag technology --- 3D scanning --- bike saddle --- impact resistance --- bioinspired --- helicoidal structure --- electrospinning --- piezoelectric --- PVDF --- barium titanate --- nanocomposites --- printed electronics --- inkjet printing --- nanomaterial ink --- poly(ethylene terephthalate) --- bisphenol --- crystallization kinetics --- thermal property --- melt polycondensation --- polymer resin --- turbomachinery --- optimization --- Three Point Bending test --- mode I fracture toughness --- selective laser sintering --- polyamide and Alumide --- geometrical errors --- microstructure. --- 3D printing --- additive manufacturing --- material extrusion --- silicone --- meniscus implant --- material jetting --- polymer --- machine capability --- process capability --- statistical process control --- quality --- variability --- tolerance grade --- Fused Filament Fabrication --- thermoplastic polyurethane --- energy absorption --- dynamic compression --- crashworthiness --- Simplified Rubber Material --- Ls Dyna --- magnetic composites --- ferrite composites --- field structuring --- microstructure control --- rheological modifications --- fused filament fabrication --- polymers --- fibre reinforcement --- mechanical properties --- CFRP --- PLA mold --- fused deposition modeling --- vacuum bag technology --- 3D scanning --- bike saddle --- impact resistance --- bioinspired --- helicoidal structure --- electrospinning --- piezoelectric --- PVDF --- barium titanate --- nanocomposites --- printed electronics --- inkjet printing --- nanomaterial ink --- poly(ethylene terephthalate) --- bisphenol --- crystallization kinetics --- thermal property --- melt polycondensation --- polymer resin --- turbomachinery --- optimization