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Homogeneous catalysis owes its success, in large part, to the development of a wide range of ligands with well-defined electronic and steric properties, which have thus made it possible to adjust the behavior of many organometallic complexes. However, ligands used in catalysis have long been centered on elements of group 15, and it is only more recently that carbon ligands have proved to be valuable alternatives with the emergence of cyclic diaminocarbenes (NHC).This Special Issue aims to provide a contemporary overview of the advances in carbon ligand chemistry from fundamental aspects to applications.

carbenes --- ylides --- DFT calculations --- electronic structure --- catalysis --- ligands --- structure–activity relationship --- NHC --- nanoparticle --- calixarene --- palladium catalyst --- Suzuki-Miyaura reaction --- amino-acids --- water --- carbon ligand --- amide --- negative charge --- phosphonium ylide --- oxide --- pincer --- metathesis --- ruthenium --- nitro catalysts --- NHC ligands --- olefins --- selenonium ylides --- selenonium salts --- chirality --- stereogenic selenium atom --- asymmetric synthesis --- optical resolution --- reactivity --- malaria --- Plasmodium falciparum --- gold --- NHC-ligands --- hybrid molecules --- drug resistance --- N-heterocyclic carbene --- platinum --- metal complexes --- 195Pt NMR --- N-heterocyclic carbenes --- imidazole --- spectroscopy --- X-ray --- mercury(II) complex --- T-shaped --- carbodiphosphorane --- phosphorus ylides --- pincer ligands --- coordination chemistry --- Cu(I) complex --- photoluminescence --- titanium --- hafnium --- copolymerization of epoxide with CO2 --- density functional theory --- natural bond orbitals --- aromaticity --- ion pairs --- alkali metals --- tropylidenyl ions --- cyclooctatetraene ions --- rhodium --- electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy --- density functional theory (DFT) --- electrochemistry --- carbone complexes --- carbido complexes --- transition metal complexes --- chemical bonding --- pincer ligand --- macrocycle --- lithium --- potassium --- intramolecular C-H activation --- dehydrogenation --- carbone --- ligand --- germylene --- coordination --- ylide --- n/a --- structure-activity relationship

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This Special Issue is one of the first for the new MDPI flagship journal Chemistry (ISSN 2624-8549) which has a broad remit for publishing original research in all areas of chemistry. The theme of this issue is Supramolecular Chemistry in the 3rd Millennium and I am sure that this topic will attract many exciting contributions. We chose this topic because it encompasses the unity of contemporary pluridisciplinary science, in which organic, inorganic, physical and theoretical chemists work together with molecular biologists and physicists to develop a systems-level understanding of molecular interactions. The description of supramolecular chemistry as ‘chemistry beyond the molecule’ (Jean-Marie Lehn, Nobel Lecture and Gautam R. Desiraju, Nature, 2001, 412, 397) addresses the wide variety of weak, non-covalent interactions that are the basis for the assembly of supramolecular architectures, molecular receptors and molecular recognition, programed molecular systems, dynamic combinatorial libraries, coordination networks and functional supramolecular materials. We welcome submissions from all disciplines involved in this exciting and evolving area of science.

Technology: general issues --- anion binding --- chloride receptor --- switchable system --- hydroquinone --- redox switch --- metal-organic frameworks --- vapour sorption --- solvatochromism --- desorption kinetics --- ion-channels --- crown-ethers --- bilayer membranes --- self-assembly --- supramolecular chemistry --- host-guest chemistry --- coordination cage --- catalysis --- crystal structure --- copper chloride complexes --- H-bonding pattern --- tetrazole ligands --- X-ray diffraction --- Hirshfeld surfaces --- uranium(VI) --- carboxylates --- capsules --- structure --- luminescence --- multicomponent cocrystal --- cocrystallization mechanism --- cocrystal synthesis --- crystal engineering --- porous material --- molecular recognition --- halogen bond --- co-crystal --- molecular tecton --- binary solid --- network structure --- σ-hole --- molecular electrostatic potential --- calixarenes --- coordination clusters --- manganese --- molecular magnetism --- host-guest interaction --- cucurbit[7]uril --- 4-pyrrolidinopyridinium --- copper complexes --- chlorido ligand displacement --- catalysis regulation --- Schiff base ligands --- urea hydrolysis --- coordination chemistry --- hydrogen bonds --- metalla-assemblies --- coordination-driven self-assembly --- orthogonality --- ligands --- metal ions --- complementarity --- hydrogen bonding --- cyclotricatechylene --- metal-organic cage --- helicate --- metallosupramolecular --- chirality --- copper(II) complexes --- pyrazolato ligands --- supramolecular assembly --- X-ray crystallography --- magnetic susceptibility --- EPR spectroscopy --- isotropic exchange --- antisymmetric exchange --- dipolar interaction --- DFT calculations --- hydrogen bond --- pyrazine --- chloropyrazine --- chloropyrazin-2-amine --- copper halide --- supramolecular structure --- conformational polymorphism --- intermolecular contacts --- N,N',N",N‴-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide --- pyrophosphoramide --- synthons --- supramolecular motifs --- anion binding --- chloride receptor --- switchable system --- hydroquinone --- redox switch --- metal-organic frameworks --- vapour sorption --- solvatochromism --- desorption kinetics --- ion-channels --- crown-ethers --- bilayer membranes --- self-assembly --- supramolecular chemistry --- host-guest chemistry --- coordination cage --- catalysis --- crystal structure --- copper chloride complexes --- H-bonding pattern --- tetrazole ligands --- X-ray diffraction --- Hirshfeld surfaces --- uranium(VI) --- carboxylates --- capsules --- structure --- luminescence --- multicomponent cocrystal --- cocrystallization mechanism --- cocrystal synthesis --- crystal engineering --- porous material --- molecular recognition --- halogen bond --- co-crystal --- molecular tecton --- binary solid --- network structure --- σ-hole --- molecular electrostatic potential --- calixarenes --- coordination clusters --- manganese --- molecular magnetism --- host-guest interaction --- cucurbit[7]uril --- 4-pyrrolidinopyridinium --- copper complexes --- chlorido ligand displacement --- catalysis regulation --- Schiff base ligands --- urea hydrolysis --- coordination chemistry --- hydrogen bonds --- metalla-assemblies --- coordination-driven self-assembly --- orthogonality --- ligands --- metal ions --- complementarity --- hydrogen bonding --- cyclotricatechylene --- metal-organic cage --- helicate --- metallosupramolecular --- chirality --- copper(II) complexes --- pyrazolato ligands --- supramolecular assembly --- X-ray crystallography --- magnetic susceptibility --- EPR spectroscopy --- isotropic exchange --- antisymmetric exchange --- dipolar interaction --- DFT calculations --- hydrogen bond --- pyrazine --- chloropyrazine --- chloropyrazin-2-amine --- copper halide --- supramolecular structure --- conformational polymorphism --- intermolecular contacts --- N,N',N",N‴-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide --- pyrophosphoramide --- synthons --- supramolecular motifs

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This Special Issue is one of the first for the new MDPI flagship journal Chemistry (ISSN 2624-8549) which has a broad remit for publishing original research in all areas of chemistry. The theme of this issue is Supramolecular Chemistry in the 3rd Millennium and I am sure that this topic will attract many exciting contributions. We chose this topic because it encompasses the unity of contemporary pluridisciplinary science, in which organic, inorganic, physical and theoretical chemists work together with molecular biologists and physicists to develop a systems-level understanding of molecular interactions. The description of supramolecular chemistry as ‘chemistry beyond the molecule’ (Jean-Marie Lehn, Nobel Lecture and Gautam R. Desiraju, Nature, 2001, 412, 397) addresses the wide variety of weak, non-covalent interactions that are the basis for the assembly of supramolecular architectures, molecular receptors and molecular recognition, programed molecular systems, dynamic combinatorial libraries, coordination networks and functional supramolecular materials. We welcome submissions from all disciplines involved in this exciting and evolving area of science.

anion binding --- chloride receptor --- switchable system --- hydroquinone --- redox switch --- metal-organic frameworks --- vapour sorption --- solvatochromism --- desorption kinetics --- ion-channels --- crown-ethers --- bilayer membranes --- self-assembly --- supramolecular chemistry --- host–guest chemistry --- coordination cage --- catalysis --- crystal structure --- copper chloride complexes --- H-bonding pattern --- tetrazole ligands --- X-ray diffraction --- Hirshfeld surfaces --- uranium(VI) --- carboxylates --- capsules --- structure --- luminescence --- multicomponent cocrystal --- cocrystallization mechanism --- cocrystal synthesis --- crystal engineering --- porous material --- molecular recognition --- halogen bond --- co-crystal --- molecular tecton --- binary solid --- network structure --- σ-hole --- molecular electrostatic potential --- calixarenes --- coordination clusters --- manganese --- molecular magnetism --- host–guest interaction --- cucurbit[7]uril --- 4-pyrrolidinopyridinium --- copper complexes --- chlorido ligand displacement --- catalysis regulation --- Schiff base ligands --- urea hydrolysis --- coordination chemistry --- hydrogen bonds --- metalla-assemblies --- coordination-driven self-assembly --- orthogonality --- ligands --- metal ions --- complementarity --- hydrogen bonding --- cyclotricatechylene --- metal–organic cage --- helicate --- metallosupramolecular --- chirality --- copper(II) complexes --- pyrazolato ligands --- supramolecular assembly --- X-ray crystallography --- magnetic susceptibility --- EPR spectroscopy --- isotropic exchange --- antisymmetric exchange --- dipolar interaction --- DFT calculations --- hydrogen bond --- pyrazine --- chloropyrazine --- chloropyrazin-2-amine --- copper halide --- supramolecular structure --- conformational polymorphism --- intermolecular contacts --- N,N′,N″,N‴-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide --- pyrophosphoramide --- synthons --- supramolecular motifs --- n/a --- host-guest chemistry --- host-guest interaction --- metal-organic cage --- N,N',N",N‴-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide

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This collection of 10 papers includes original as well as review articles focused on the cholinesterase structural aspects, drug design and development of novel cholinesterase ligands, but also contains papers focused on the natural compounds and their effect on the cholinergic system and unexplored effects of donepezil.

Medicine --- Amaryllidaceae --- Narcissus pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton --- alkaloids --- carltonine A–C --- Alzheimer’s disease --- butyrylcholinesterase --- docking studies --- organophosphorus nerve agents --- oxime --- cholinesterase --- reactivation --- ventilation --- pharmacodynamics --- blood-brain barrier crossing --- acetylcholinesterase inhibitors --- bone healing --- osseointegration --- donepezil --- hemostasis --- acetylcholinesterase inhibitor --- dementia --- zebrafish --- behavior --- Alzheimer disease --- antioxidants --- butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors --- molecular modelling --- nutraceuticals --- phytochemicals --- acetylcholinesterase --- slow-binding inhibition --- transition state analog --- organophosphorus --- osmotic stress --- neutron scattering --- molecular dynamics --- MD simulations --- fluorene --- in vitro --- in silico --- multi-target directed ligands --- N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor --- molecular modeling --- reactivators --- reactivation process --- organophosphates --- docking --- hydrolysis --- molecular recognition --- catalysis --- inhibition --- n/a --- carltonine A-C --- Alzheimer's disease

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This collection of 10 papers includes original as well as review articles focused on the cholinesterase structural aspects, drug design and development of novel cholinesterase ligands, but also contains papers focused on the natural compounds and their effect on the cholinergic system and unexplored effects of donepezil.

Amaryllidaceae --- Narcissus pseudonarcissus cv. Carlton --- alkaloids --- carltonine A–C --- Alzheimer’s disease --- butyrylcholinesterase --- docking studies --- organophosphorus nerve agents --- oxime --- cholinesterase --- reactivation --- ventilation --- pharmacodynamics --- blood-brain barrier crossing --- acetylcholinesterase inhibitors --- bone healing --- osseointegration --- donepezil --- hemostasis --- acetylcholinesterase inhibitor --- dementia --- zebrafish --- behavior --- Alzheimer disease --- antioxidants --- butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors --- molecular modelling --- nutraceuticals --- phytochemicals --- acetylcholinesterase --- slow-binding inhibition --- transition state analog --- organophosphorus --- osmotic stress --- neutron scattering --- molecular dynamics --- MD simulations --- fluorene --- in vitro --- in silico --- multi-target directed ligands --- N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor --- molecular modeling --- reactivators --- reactivation process --- organophosphates --- docking --- hydrolysis --- molecular recognition --- catalysis --- inhibition --- n/a --- carltonine A-C --- Alzheimer's disease