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"Verbs of mental states or activity constitute a subject of considerable interest to both Cognitive Linguistics and Linguistic Typology. They promise to open a window on the invisible workings of the mind, while at the same time displaying a wide variety of historical sources across languages. In this book Michael Fortescue presents an innovative approach to the semantics and diachronic source of cognitive verbs across a representative array of the world's languages. The relationship among the cognitive verbs of individual languages is essentially one of metonymy, and the book investigates in detail the specific metonymic relationships involved, as revealed largely by the polysemous spread of word meanings. The data is projected against a circular 'map' of interrelated cognitive categories"--

Polysemy. --- Semantics. --- Semantics --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology)

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Hybrid nouns have a morphological shape that doesn't match their semantic interpretation. Such nouns pose clear and interesting questions for the nature of grammatical features. For instance, how does a single feature contribute distinct information values to different components of the grammar? Furthermore, what does this observation reveal about the syntax, often taken to mediate between the morphology and the semantics?This book studies hybrid nouns and argues that a single grammatical feature is comprised of two halves, a semantic half and a morphological half, that coexist in the syntax before being sent to the respective interfaces. Viewing features in this way allows us a new look at numerous types of hybrid nouns, such as Imposter constructions, nouns of collection, as well as nouns like 'furniture' that straddle the mass-count distinction. Moreover, the study of the agreement patterns of hybrid nouns shows that semantic features behave differently to morphological features under agreement, providing a novel insight into the nature of the mechanism that underlies morphosyntactic agreement.

Grammar, Comparative and general --- Semantics --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Noun

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La notion de "nom abstrait" a derrière elle une longue tradition - abordée dès la période scholastique, elle accompagne plusieurs tournants de l’histoire de la logique et de la grammaire -, mais aucun travail d’ensemble ne lui avait, à ce jour, été consacré. Le colloque organisé à Dunkerque en septembre 1992, qui a réuni plus d’une cinquantaine de chercheurs français et étrangers, avait donc pour but de faire le point sur un problème d’autant plus important qu’il concerne à la fois la logique, les différents champs de la linguistique et la traductologie. La question du nom abstrait soulève plusieurs difficultés, dont la principale est de déterminer s’il est possible d’associer la notion intuitive d’abstraction à des propriétés logico-syntaxiques et à des caractéristiques morphologiques. Le nom abstrait semble en effet soumis à deux contraintes antagonistes : l’influence sémantique de sa base prédicative et le rôle formel de la catégorie nominale. On trouvera donc dans cet ouvrage un ensemble de réflexions critiques et d’analyses, portant non seulement sur la distinction entre noms concrets et noms abstraits et sur sa validité pour la description linguistique, mais encore sur la pertinence de la notion d’abstraction en général dans l’approche des faits de langue. Sous des angles très divers, toutes les démarches s’accordent à reconnaître l’importance de ce mouvement delà pensée qui, d’une part, permet de séparer les qualités et les procès de leur support - ou si l’on préféré les prédicats de leurs arguments - et qui, de l’autre, conduit à négliger les différences individuelles pour acceder au général.

Grammar --- Abstraction --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Nom (Linguistique) --- Noun --- Semantics --- Congresses --- 804.0-56 --- -Semantics --- -Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Comparative grammar --- Grammar, Philosophical --- Grammar, Universal --- Philosophical grammar --- Linguistics --- Philology --- Frans: syntaxis; semantiek --- -Congresses --- Grammar, Comparative --- Congresses. --- -Frans: syntaxis; semantiek --- 804.0-56 Frans: syntaxis; semantiek --- -804.0-56 Frans: syntaxis; semantiek --- Formal semantics --- -Comparative grammar --- Noun&delete& --- Grammar [Comparative and general ] --- French language --- Semantics - Congresses --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Noun - Congresses --- personnage --- nom --- abstraction

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"This book provides a cutting-edge introduction to crosscultural pragmatics, a field encompassing the study of language use across linguacultures. Cross-cultural pragmatics is relevant for a variety of fields, such as Pragmatics, Applied Linguistics, Language Learning and Teaching, Translation, Intercultural Communication and Sociolinguistics. Written by two leading scholars in the field, this book offers an accessible overview of crosscultural pragmatics, by providing insights into the theory and practice of systematically comparing language use in different cultural contexts. The authors provide a groundbreaking, language-anchored, strictly empirical and replicable framework applicable for the study of different datatypes and situations. The framework is illustrated with case studies drawn from a variety of linguacultures, such English, Chinese, Japanese and German. In these case studies, the reader is provided with contrastive analyses of language use in important contexts such as globalised business, politics and classrooms. This book is essential reading for both academics and student"--

Pragmatics. --- Pragmatics --- Semantics --- Language and culture. --- Social aspects --- Social aspects. --- Culture and language --- Culture --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Pragmalinguistics --- General semantics --- Logic, Symbolic and mathematical --- Semantics (Philosophy) --- Philosophy --- Language and culture --- Semantics - Social aspects --- Pragmatics - Social aspects - Case studies --- LANGUAGE ARTS & DISCIPLINES / Linguistics / Semantics.

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This open access book have three themes have been central to Leydesdorff's research: (1) the dynamics of science, technology, and innovation; (2) the scientometric operationalization of these concept; and (3) the elaboration in terms of a Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations. In this study, I discuss the relations among these themes. Using Luhmann's social-systems theory for modelling meaning processing and Shannon's theory for information processing, I show that synergy can add new options to an innovation system as redundancy. The capacity to develop new options is more important for innovation than past performance. Entertaining a model of possible future states makes a knowledge-based system increasingly anticipatory. The trade-off between the incursion of future states on the historical developments can be measured using the Triple-Helix synergy indicator. This is shown, for example, for the Italian national and regional systems of innovation.

Sociology—Research. --- Sociology. --- Communication. --- Market research. --- Semantics. --- Research Methodology. --- Knowledge - Discourse. --- Communication Studies. --- Market Research/Competitive Intelligence. --- Formal semantics --- Semasiology --- Semiology (Semantics) --- Comparative linguistics --- Information theory --- Language and languages --- Lexicology --- Meaning (Psychology) --- Market research --- Marketing --- Markets --- Research --- Research, Industrial --- Communication, Primitive --- Mass communication --- Sociology --- Social theory --- Social sciences --- Research Methodology --- Knowledge - Discourse --- Communication Studies --- Market Research/Competitive Intelligence --- Semantics --- Sociological Methods --- Biotechnology --- Media and Communication --- Linguistics --- Triple-Helix synergy --- A calculus of redundancy --- horizons of meaning --- anticipatory systems --- operationalisation and measurement --- neo-evolutionary --- social-systems theory --- entropy statistics --- open access --- Social research & statistics --- Semantics, discourse analysis, stylistics --- Marketing research.