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Les perturbateurs endocriniens, omniprésents dans notre vie quotidienne, ont été créés pour l’améliorer. Néanmoins, depuis plusieurs décennies, ceux-ci font l’objet de nombreuses études scientifiques pour les effets néfastes qu’ils auraient sur la biodiversité et la santé humaine (Demeneix et al., 2020). En effet, de nombreuses études mettent en exergue les effets délétères que ceux-ci auraient sur le métabolisme, le système reproducteur et le développement.
De part leur omniprésence, il est néanmoins extrêmement complexe de comprendre comment un perturbateur endocrinien peut affecter un individu. Le projet doctoral du Docteur Barrea, connu sous le nom de EPOPEE 1, s’intéresse à aux effets combinés que peuvent avoir l’exposition prénatale aux biphényles polychlorés (PCBs), aux pesticides organochlorés (POs) et aux composés perfluorés (PFCs) sur le développement cognitif et psychomoteur d’enfants en âge préscolaire grâce à l’analyse des composants présents dans le sang de cordon de ces enfants et à une évaluation psychomotrice et neuropsychologique complète des participants avant leur entrée en première primaire. 
C’est dans ce cadre s’inscrit ce mémoire. L’objectif est de comprendre l’impact de l’exposition prénatale à des PCBs, des POs et des PFCs sur le développement postnatal de la mémoire. Pour ce faire, une évaluation mnésique des enfants a été réalisée grâce aux tests de l’indice de mémoire de travail de la WPPSI-IV : reconnaissance d’images et mémoire spatiale, ainsi qu’à deux tests provenant de l’échelle de mémoire CMS : mémoire de chiffres (ordre direct et inverse) et histoires. Ces données ont alors été analysées en combinaison avec les données de sang de cordon récoltées à la naissance des enfants mais aucune relation n’a pu être mise en évidence. 
Les limites de cette étude exposées et l’absence de résultat univoque dans la littérature permettent de réfléchir aux perspectives que présentent ce champ de recherche ainsi que les limites qu’une étude peut démontrer seule. La discussion de ce mémoire souligne l’importance de la réplicabilité et de la comparaison des données. Un projet novateur (ENDpoiNTs) et l’importance du Big Data de la Santé pour les recherches futures sont également présentés.

endocrine disruptors --- memory --- cognitive development --- perfluorinated compound --- polychlorinated byphenils --- organochlorine pesticides --- development of memory --- pertubateur endocrinien --- mémoire --- développement cognitif --- composés perfluorés --- biphényles polychlorés --- pesticides organochlorés --- développement mnésique --- Sciences sociales & comportementales, psychologie > Neurosciences & comportement

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Discontinuous fiber-reinforced polymers have gained importance in transportation industries due to their outstanding material properties, lower manufacturing costs and superior lightweight characteristics. One of the most attractive attributes of discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites is the ease with which they can be manufactured in large numbers, using injection and compression molding processes. The main aim of this Special Issue is to collect various investigations focused on the processing of discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites and the effect that processing has on fiber orientation, fiber length and fiber density distributions throughout the final product. Papers presenting investigations on the effect that fiber configurations have on the mechanical properties of the final composite products and materials were welcome in the Special Issue. Researchers who model and simulate processes involving discontinuous fiber composites as well as those performing experimental studies involving these composites were welcomed to submit papers. The authors were encouraged to present new models, constitutive laws, and measuring and monitoring techniques to provide a complete framework on these groundbreaking materials and to facilitate their use in different engineering applications.

Research & information: general --- fiber reinforced plastics --- long fiber reinforced thermoplastics (LFT) --- sliding plate rheometer --- fiber microstructure --- fiber orientation --- direct fiber simulation --- mechanistic model --- fiber reinforced thermoplastics --- modeling --- short fiber reinforcement --- process simulation --- smoothed particle hydrodynamics --- composite foams --- closed cells --- image processing --- finite element analysis --- polymer composites --- long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (LFTs) --- core region --- shell region --- fiber length distribution (FLD) --- selective laser sintering --- recoating --- PA6 --- polyamide --- glass --- fibres --- beads --- orientation --- recoating speed --- layer thickness --- energy density --- pARD-RSC --- short fiber reinforced --- mechanistic modelling --- Carbon nanotubes --- CNTs --- nanocomposites --- electrical resistivity --- conductivity --- electric fields --- computational modelling --- compression moulding --- moulding compounds --- optimisation --- wet laid --- isotropic --- tensile --- carbon fiber --- discontinuous --- recycling --- hybrid composites --- polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) --- thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer --- glass fibers --- long fiber reinforced plastics --- fiber breakage --- fiber length --- additive tooling --- additive manufacturing --- rapid tooling --- injection molding --- polypropylene --- long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics --- fiber concentration --- stereolithography --- carbon fiber recycling --- lightweight design --- long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics --- parameter-optimization --- injection molding compounding --- long fiber reinforced thermoplastics --- fiber orientation models --- calibration --- discontinuous fiber composites (DFC) --- compression molding --- sheet molding compound (SMC) --- carbon fiber sheet molding compound (CF-SMC) --- randomly oriented strands (ROS) --- computed tomography (CT) --- direct fiber simulation (DFS) --- prepreg platelet molding compound (PPMC) --- tow-based discontinuous composite (TBDC) --- plastics processing --- composites --- glass fiber --- sheet molding compound --- long fiber --- fiber content --- n/a

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Discontinuous fiber-reinforced polymers have gained importance in transportation industries due to their outstanding material properties, lower manufacturing costs and superior lightweight characteristics. One of the most attractive attributes of discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites is the ease with which they can be manufactured in large numbers, using injection and compression molding processes. The main aim of this Special Issue is to collect various investigations focused on the processing of discontinuous fiber-reinforced composites and the effect that processing has on fiber orientation, fiber length and fiber density distributions throughout the final product. Papers presenting investigations on the effect that fiber configurations have on the mechanical properties of the final composite products and materials were welcome in the Special Issue. Researchers who model and simulate processes involving discontinuous fiber composites as well as those performing experimental studies involving these composites were welcomed to submit papers. The authors were encouraged to present new models, constitutive laws, and measuring and monitoring techniques to provide a complete framework on these groundbreaking materials and to facilitate their use in different engineering applications.

Research & information: general --- fiber reinforced plastics --- long fiber reinforced thermoplastics (LFT) --- sliding plate rheometer --- fiber microstructure --- fiber orientation --- direct fiber simulation --- mechanistic model --- fiber reinforced thermoplastics --- modeling --- short fiber reinforcement --- process simulation --- smoothed particle hydrodynamics --- composite foams --- closed cells --- image processing --- finite element analysis --- polymer composites --- long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (LFTs) --- core region --- shell region --- fiber length distribution (FLD) --- selective laser sintering --- recoating --- PA6 --- polyamide --- glass --- fibres --- beads --- orientation --- recoating speed --- layer thickness --- energy density --- pARD-RSC --- short fiber reinforced --- mechanistic modelling --- Carbon nanotubes --- CNTs --- nanocomposites --- electrical resistivity --- conductivity --- electric fields --- computational modelling --- compression moulding --- moulding compounds --- optimisation --- wet laid --- isotropic --- tensile --- carbon fiber --- discontinuous --- recycling --- hybrid composites --- polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) --- thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer --- glass fibers --- long fiber reinforced plastics --- fiber breakage --- fiber length --- additive tooling --- additive manufacturing --- rapid tooling --- injection molding --- polypropylene --- long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics --- fiber concentration --- stereolithography --- carbon fiber recycling --- lightweight design --- long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics --- parameter-optimization --- injection molding compounding --- long fiber reinforced thermoplastics --- fiber orientation models --- calibration --- discontinuous fiber composites (DFC) --- compression molding --- sheet molding compound (SMC) --- carbon fiber sheet molding compound (CF-SMC) --- randomly oriented strands (ROS) --- computed tomography (CT) --- direct fiber simulation (DFS) --- prepreg platelet molding compound (PPMC) --- tow-based discontinuous composite (TBDC) --- plastics processing --- composites --- glass fiber --- sheet molding compound --- long fiber --- fiber content

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This Special Issue aims to make a concrete technical contribution to the solution of the various problems related to indoor air pollution. In 11 papers, international scientists report the last findings in this field from different points of view including topics such as the IAQ legislation, the role of IAQ in schools, hospitals and (micro)environments in general, the performance of an olfactometer system or the impact of an indoor malodor, BTEX measures in a Fire Station, and a chemical characterization of e-cigarette (e-cig) refill liquids (e-liq). It seems appropriate to encourage the development of reference values or specific action values in order to better manage particularly problematic situations in these environments. In the absence of national references to be used for a comparison, it is possible to use those reported in the legislation of other European countries or, by ad hoc working groups or by analogy, to use other standards such as those relating to ambient air.

Research & information: general --- indoor air quality --- aerosols --- particle size distributions --- ultrafine particles --- particulate matter (PM) --- smoking --- combustion --- malodor --- indoor air --- human olfaction --- volatile organic compound (VOC) --- microbial volatile organic compound (MVOC) --- VOC --- MVOC --- health effects --- smell --- malodor mitigation --- air fresheners --- fragrance --- computational fluid dynamics --- CO2 concentration --- Sansevieria trifasciata --- ventilation --- educational buildings --- schools --- field measurements --- indoor air quality (IAQ) --- thermal comfort --- thermal perception --- health symptoms --- air infiltration --- healthcare settings --- chemical and biological pollution --- quality improvement --- Italian context --- legislation --- Europe --- focus --- residential --- pollutants --- TLV --- health --- workers --- school --- electronic cigarettes --- flavoring additives --- BTEX --- contamination --- headspace solid micro phase extraction --- gas chromatography-olfactometry --- human health --- EU regulation --- BTEXS --- health exposure --- occupational risk --- markers of exposure --- air quality --- odor threshold --- olfactometry --- Sniffin' Sticks --- chemosensory perception --- validity assessment --- exposure assessment --- children --- number concentration --- lung-deposited surface area --- dose --- life cycle assessment --- sustainable neighborhood --- Belgium --- urban scale --- roof stacking

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