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This book has been written with the purpose of providing a vision of a topic which is on the edge of biology and chemistry. As well, we want to provide an updated vision of the potentials and limitations of biocatalysis, especially with respect to applications in processes of organic synthesis, fine chemicals, and medicine. This book pretends to illustrate the potential of an excellent overview of recent progress on the assessment of granted patents as a useful tool in asymmetric synthesis. Some distinguished researchers have contributed to this endeavor with their knowledge, their commitment and their encouragement

Research & information: general --- ferulic acid esters --- octyl ferulate --- esterification --- Box-Behnken design --- response surface methodology --- molar conversion --- optimum condition --- Bacillus --- glycosyltransferase --- 8-hydroxydaidzein --- industrial biotechnology --- electrochemistry --- biohydrogen --- biocatalysis --- process development --- bacteria --- Enantioselectivity --- enzyme cascade --- hydroxynitrile lyase --- lipase --- hydrocyanation --- transesterification --- glycosidases --- transglycosylation --- cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases --- alkyl glucosides --- biosurfactants --- MDR—medium-chain reductase/dehydrogenase --- ADH—alcohol dehydrogenase --- enzyme kinetics --- EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) chelation --- ultrafiltration --- pseudokinases --- signal transduction --- cancer therapy --- tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphorylation --- new drug targets --- interactome --- asymmetric synthesis --- patents --- lipases --- oxidoreductases --- lyases --- transaminases --- n/a --- MDR-medium-chain reductase/dehydrogenase --- ADH-alcohol dehydrogenase

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There is pressing evidence of phenomena, linked to meteorology and climate, which are modifying their temporal occurrence and which have a very evident impact on the safety and health of populations residing in cities. The urban problem at the beginning of the second set of twenty years of the new century requires a complete rethinking of the way of aggregation of man who, today, represents a large part of the world population due to increasingly accelerated urbanization processes over time. The human being has become a citizen, and within the city limits, he tries to develop his life expectancy by seizing opportunities from this. This search for well-being, understood as a complete state of man, at once physiological and psychological and social, can be thwarted by an urban structure that is not functionally capable of providing answers. The climate problem exacerbates this problem by strongly stressing the contradictions of living. Science, technology, and politics are today able to give answers if applied wisely in a joint effort, in a unit of language. This book proposes several solutions that can be implemented today, ranging from a full understanding of phenomena to adaptation policies for solving problems. The most pressing invitation is addressed precisely to politics to make cities more resilient and safe.

Research & information: general --- ACCCRN --- Climate change adaptation --- institutionalising adaptation --- hybrid institutionalism --- mainstreaming resilience --- urban resilience and adaptation --- urban green system --- ecosystem services --- climate change benefits --- resilient city --- urban resilient development --- green urban planning --- pollution flow patterns --- wind circulation patterns --- emission inventory --- criteria pollutants --- Mexico City --- urban heat island --- urbanization --- urban surface energy balance --- fluidodynamic modeling --- Envi-Met --- human biometeorology --- thermal comfort --- interdisciplinarity --- climate change adaptation --- thermal sensitive design --- web-based platform --- early warning system --- vulnerability simulations --- flood risk maps --- rainfall estimates --- microwave links --- CML --- crowdsourcing --- sensible targets --- urban greening --- UrbClim model --- water bodies --- systems change --- innovation --- nature-based solutions --- cities --- urban climate --- open data --- data sources --- urban climate monitoring

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There is pressing evidence of phenomena, linked to meteorology and climate, which are modifying their temporal occurrence and which have a very evident impact on the safety and health of populations residing in cities. The urban problem at the beginning of the second set of twenty years of the new century requires a complete rethinking of the way of aggregation of man who, today, represents a large part of the world population due to increasingly accelerated urbanization processes over time. The human being has become a citizen, and within the city limits, he tries to develop his life expectancy by seizing opportunities from this. This search for well-being, understood as a complete state of man, at once physiological and psychological and social, can be thwarted by an urban structure that is not functionally capable of providing answers. The climate problem exacerbates this problem by strongly stressing the contradictions of living. Science, technology, and politics are today able to give answers if applied wisely in a joint effort, in a unit of language. This book proposes several solutions that can be implemented today, ranging from a full understanding of phenomena to adaptation policies for solving problems. The most pressing invitation is addressed precisely to politics to make cities more resilient and safe.

ACCCRN --- Climate change adaptation --- institutionalising adaptation --- hybrid institutionalism --- mainstreaming resilience --- urban resilience and adaptation --- urban green system --- ecosystem services --- climate change benefits --- resilient city --- urban resilient development --- green urban planning --- pollution flow patterns --- wind circulation patterns --- emission inventory --- criteria pollutants --- Mexico City --- urban heat island --- urbanization --- urban surface energy balance --- fluidodynamic modeling --- Envi-Met --- human biometeorology --- thermal comfort --- interdisciplinarity --- climate change adaptation --- thermal sensitive design --- web-based platform --- early warning system --- vulnerability simulations --- flood risk maps --- rainfall estimates --- microwave links --- CML --- crowdsourcing --- sensible targets --- urban greening --- UrbClim model --- water bodies --- systems change --- innovation --- nature-based solutions --- cities --- urban climate --- open data --- data sources --- urban climate monitoring

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Development of new drug molecules is costly and requires longitudinal, wide-ranging studies; therefore, designing advanced pharmaceutical formulations for existing and well-known drugs seems to be an attractive device for the pharmaceutical industry. Properly formulated drug delivery systems can improve pharmacological activity, efficacy and safety of the active substances. Advanced materials applied as pharmaceutical excipients in designing drug delivery systems can help solve problems concerning the required drug release—with the defined dissolution rate and at the determined site. Novel drug carriers enable more effective drug delivery, with improved safety and with fewer side effects. Investigations concerning advanced materials represent a rapidly growing research field in material/polymer science, chemical engineering and pharmaceutical technology. Exploring novel materials or modifying and combining existing ones is now a crucial trend in pharmaceutical technology. Eleven articles included in the the Special Issue “Advanced Materials in Drug Release and Drug Delivery Systems” present the most recent insights into the utilization of different materials with promising potential in drug delivery and into different formulation approaches that can be used in the design of pharmaceutical formulations.

Technology: general issues --- mesoporous silica --- layer-by-layer --- FITC-peptide --- hyaluronic acid --- multilayer film --- host-guest interaction --- total alkaloids from Alstonia scholaris leaves --- mPEG-PLA --- microspheres --- drug release --- biocompatibility --- CO administration --- therapeutic agent --- pharmaceutical drugs --- heme oxygenase --- CO-releasing materials --- CO-releasing molecules --- organometallic complexes --- pharmacokinetic functions --- pathological role --- CO kinetic profile --- cellular targets --- GQDs --- real-time tracking --- optical-magneto nanoparticles --- in vivo --- ethylcellulose --- polymeric material --- cellulose derivative --- pharmaceutical excipient --- hydrogel --- drug delivery --- polymer --- immobilization of drug --- gelatin --- gastro-resistant --- films --- capsules --- structure --- sirolimus --- electrospinning --- polycaprolactone --- 3D matrix --- drug-eluting stents --- spray drying --- microparticles --- rupatadine fumarate --- orodispersible minitablets --- taste masking --- Bicalutamide --- Poloxamer® 407 --- Macrogol 6000 --- supercritical carbon dioxide --- solid dispersions --- dissolution rate --- amorphization --- 3D printing --- fused deposition modeling --- hot-melt extrusion --- solid dosage forms --- itraconazole --- n/a

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One of the highest priorities for human societies in the 21st century, under the challenges of predicted great environmental changes, is to conserve all kinds of biodiversity across the planet. Among all the biota that exist on Earth, forest ecosystems demonstrate a high degree of biodiversity, being thought to comprise the most diverse ecosystems, as most of the terrestrial species in the world dwell in these ecosystems. Forest biodiversity is interlinked to a web of socio-economic factors, providing an array of goods and services that range from timber and non-timber forest resources to mitigating climate change and conservation of genetic resources; therefore, it is innately linked to ecosystems and human well-being. However, in recent decades, the decrease in forest biodiversity has been a crucial and ongoing environmental issue that needs special attention and adapted ecosystem management. This Special Issue book on forest biodiversity (FB) includes a selected number of research works from all over the world dealing with emerging issues, for understanding FB and its needs for conservation, ecological processes, disturbances, climate change and ecosystems resilience, structural complexity and ecosystem functions, ecological theories and silvicultural practices, and ecosystems stability. More specifically, it includes papers focused on the indicators and methods for assessing and monitoring forest biodiversity, evaluation of practices, planting and silvicultural treatments, and management and monitoring methods, with an overall goal to provide new insights on forest biodiversity conservation, conservation of forest biodiversity in protected areas, treatments of endangered or threatened forest habitats, and sustainable management of forest resources.

Technology: general issues --- forest land change --- land change patterns --- Civilian Control Zone --- DMZ --- sustainable development goals (SDGs) --- forest management --- structural equation modeling (SEM) --- factor analysis --- Ecological resilience --- fire disturbance --- forest landscape --- The Great Xing’an Mountains --- LANDIS --- Bornean tropical rain forests --- ecosystem services enhancement --- forest certification --- forest intactness --- Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) --- reduced-impact logging --- remote sensing --- sustainable forest management --- tree-community composition --- arid-hot valley --- vegetation --- environmental factors --- reservoir region --- Brazilian Atlantic Forest --- ecosystem conservation --- Principal Component Analysis --- Rio Canoas State Park --- spatial analysis --- 1961–1990 normal period --- spatial interpolation --- geostatistics --- ecological mathematics --- endangered plant --- ex situ conservation --- plant reintroduction --- seed germination --- seedling propagation --- afforestation --- birch stands --- carbon stock --- dehydrogenase activity --- Aichi Biodiversity Targets --- biodiversity conservation --- dry deciduous forest --- human well-being --- Madagascar --- Paris Climate Agreement --- Sustainable Development Goals --- small forest landowner --- sclerophyllous forest --- multivariate analysis --- AHP --- Delphi Method --- GIS --- MCDA --- Sustainable Development --- Wetlands