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The papers included in this Special Issue address a variety of important aspects of Genetics, Genomics and Biotechnology of Plant Cytoplasmic Organelles, including new advances in the sequencing of both mitochondria and chloroplasts’ genomes using Next-Generation Sequencing technology in plant species and algae including important crop and tree species, in vitro culture protocol, and identification of a core module of genes involved in plastid development. In particular, the published studies focus on the description of adaptive evolution, elucidate mitochondrial mRNA processing, highlight the effect of domestication process on plastome variability and report the development of molecular markers. A meta-analysis of recently published genome-wide expression studies allowed the identification of novel nuclear genes, involved in the complex and still unrevealed mechanisms at the basis of communication between chloroplast and nucleus (retrograde signalling) during plastid development (biogenic control). Finally, an optimized regeneration protocol useful in plastid transformation of recalcitrant species, such as sugarcane, has been reported.

Research & information: general --- mitochondrial genome --- buckwheat --- plastid genome --- genetic diversity --- long reads --- targeted assembly --- genome assembly --- Fagus --- Fagaceae --- Fagales --- molecular marker --- mitochondrial marker --- taxon assignment --- CAPS marker --- SNP --- next-generation sequencing --- Solanum --- Italian landraces --- plastome --- molecular markers --- phylogenetic analysis --- plastid transformation --- sugarcane --- unfurled leaves --- streptomycin --- heteroplasmy --- mesophyll and bundle sheath cells --- plastids --- photomorphogenesis --- retrograde control --- biogenic signals --- lincomycin --- norflurazon --- pap7-1 mutant --- mitochondria --- RNA processing --- algal evolution --- circular RNA --- polycytidylation --- PacBio Iso-Seq --- Capparaceae --- chloroplast genome --- Cadaba --- Maerua --- phylogenetic relationships --- mitochondrial genome --- buckwheat --- plastid genome --- genetic diversity --- long reads --- targeted assembly --- genome assembly --- Fagus --- Fagaceae --- Fagales --- molecular marker --- mitochondrial marker --- taxon assignment --- CAPS marker --- SNP --- next-generation sequencing --- Solanum --- Italian landraces --- plastome --- molecular markers --- phylogenetic analysis --- plastid transformation --- sugarcane --- unfurled leaves --- streptomycin --- heteroplasmy --- mesophyll and bundle sheath cells --- plastids --- photomorphogenesis --- retrograde control --- biogenic signals --- lincomycin --- norflurazon --- pap7-1 mutant --- mitochondria --- RNA processing --- algal evolution --- circular RNA --- polycytidylation --- PacBio Iso-Seq --- Capparaceae --- chloroplast genome --- Cadaba --- Maerua --- phylogenetic relationships

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• Reference Manager
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The papers included in this Special Issue address a variety of important aspects of Genetics, Genomics and Biotechnology of Plant Cytoplasmic Organelles, including new advances in the sequencing of both mitochondria and chloroplasts’ genomes using Next-Generation Sequencing technology in plant species and algae including important crop and tree species, in vitro culture protocol, and identification of a core module of genes involved in plastid development. In particular, the published studies focus on the description of adaptive evolution, elucidate mitochondrial mRNA processing, highlight the effect of domestication process on plastome variability and report the development of molecular markers. A meta-analysis of recently published genome-wide expression studies allowed the identification of novel nuclear genes, involved in the complex and still unrevealed mechanisms at the basis of communication between chloroplast and nucleus (retrograde signalling) during plastid development (biogenic control). Finally, an optimized regeneration protocol useful in plastid transformation of recalcitrant species, such as sugarcane, has been reported.

Research & information: general --- mitochondrial genome --- buckwheat --- plastid genome --- genetic diversity --- long reads --- targeted assembly --- genome assembly --- Fagus --- Fagaceae --- Fagales --- molecular marker --- mitochondrial marker --- taxon assignment --- CAPS marker --- SNP --- next-generation sequencing --- Solanum --- Italian landraces --- plastome --- molecular markers --- phylogenetic analysis --- plastid transformation --- sugarcane --- unfurled leaves --- streptomycin --- heteroplasmy --- mesophyll and bundle sheath cells --- plastids --- photomorphogenesis --- retrograde control --- biogenic signals --- lincomycin --- norflurazon --- pap7-1 mutant --- mitochondria --- RNA processing --- algal evolution --- circular RNA --- polycytidylation --- PacBio Iso-Seq --- Capparaceae --- chloroplast genome --- Cadaba --- Maerua --- phylogenetic relationships

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The papers included in this Special Issue address a variety of important aspects of Genetics, Genomics and Biotechnology of Plant Cytoplasmic Organelles, including new advances in the sequencing of both mitochondria and chloroplasts’ genomes using Next-Generation Sequencing technology in plant species and algae including important crop and tree species, in vitro culture protocol, and identification of a core module of genes involved in plastid development. In particular, the published studies focus on the description of adaptive evolution, elucidate mitochondrial mRNA processing, highlight the effect of domestication process on plastome variability and report the development of molecular markers. A meta-analysis of recently published genome-wide expression studies allowed the identification of novel nuclear genes, involved in the complex and still unrevealed mechanisms at the basis of communication between chloroplast and nucleus (retrograde signalling) during plastid development (biogenic control). Finally, an optimized regeneration protocol useful in plastid transformation of recalcitrant species, such as sugarcane, has been reported.

mitochondrial genome --- buckwheat --- plastid genome --- genetic diversity --- long reads --- targeted assembly --- genome assembly --- Fagus --- Fagaceae --- Fagales --- molecular marker --- mitochondrial marker --- taxon assignment --- CAPS marker --- SNP --- next-generation sequencing --- Solanum --- Italian landraces --- plastome --- molecular markers --- phylogenetic analysis --- plastid transformation --- sugarcane --- unfurled leaves --- streptomycin --- heteroplasmy --- mesophyll and bundle sheath cells --- plastids --- photomorphogenesis --- retrograde control --- biogenic signals --- lincomycin --- norflurazon --- pap7-1 mutant --- mitochondria --- RNA processing --- algal evolution --- circular RNA --- polycytidylation --- PacBio Iso-Seq --- Capparaceae --- chloroplast genome --- Cadaba --- Maerua --- phylogenetic relationships

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Some terms, such as eco-friendly, circular economy and green technologies, have remained in our vocabulary, because the truth is that mankind is altering the planet to put its own subsistence at risk. Besides, for rationalization in the consumption of raw materials and energy, the recycling of waste through efficient and sustainable processes forms the backbone of the paradigm of a sustainable industry. One of the most relevant technologies for the new productive model is anaerobic digestion. Historically, anaerobic digestion has been developed in the field of urban wastes and wastewater treatments, but in the new challenge, its role is more relevant. Anaerobic digestion is a technologically mature biological treatment, which joins bioenergy production with the efficient removal of contaminants. This issue provides a specialized, but broad in scope, overview of the possibilities of the anaerobic digestion of lignocellulosic biomass (mainly forestry and agricultural wastes), which is expected to be a more promising substrate for the development of biorefineries. Its conversion to bioenergy through anaerobic digestion must solve some troubles: the complex lignocellulosic structure needs to be deconstructed by pretreatments and a co-substrate may need to be added to improve the biological process. Ten selected works advance this proposal into the future.

exhausted sugar beet pulp --- pig manure --- anaerobic co-digestion --- thermophilic --- lignocellulosic waste --- anaerobic digestion --- biogas --- optimization --- operating parameters --- review --- particle-rich substrate --- suspended solids disintegration --- disintegration kinetics --- cellulase --- lignocellulosic biomass --- pretreatment methods --- limitations --- hydro-thermal pretreatment --- biofuels --- feedstock and degradation pathway --- AD systems --- pretreatment technologies --- process stability --- codigestion --- rice straw --- nutrients --- recycling --- digestate --- methane --- corn residue --- organosolv pretreatment --- sugar beet by-products --- manure --- semi-continuous feeding mode --- methane improvement --- non-classical parameters --- sorghum mutant --- biomass --- soluble sugars --- dilute acid pretreatment --- one-pot process --- n/a

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This book provides new and in-depth insights into molecular aspects of plant cell signaling in response to biotic, such as aphid- and grey mold disease-resistance, and abiotic stresses, such as soil salinity and drought stress, and additionally, functional analysis on signaling components involved in flowering, juvenility, GA signaling, and biosynthesis, and miRNA-regulated gene expression. Furthermore, plant acclimation was reported, with emphasis on mechanistic insights into the roles of brassinosteroids, cyclic AMP, and hydrogen sulfide, and the recent advances of transmembrane receptor-like kinases were refined. Clearly, plant cell signaling is an intensive topic and whether it is now or in the future, the emerging technology in functional analysis such as genome editing technologies, high-throughput technologies, integrative multiple-omics as well as bioinformatics can assist researchers to reveal novel aspects of the regulatory mechanisms of plant growth and development, and acclimation to environmental and biotic stresses. The achievement of such research will be useful in improving crop stress tolerances to increase agricultural productivity and sustainability for the food supply of the world.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- salinity --- selenium (Se) --- crops --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- enzymatic anti-oxidative system --- drought --- GA --- DELLA --- ABF2 --- protein-protein interaction --- Arabidopsis --- endocytosis --- microRNAs --- miPEPs --- peptides --- development --- kinase --- receptor --- stress --- tobacco --- calcium --- calcite --- reactive oxygen species --- ion channels --- cellular signalization --- brassinosteroids --- receptor-like kinases --- GSK3-like kinases --- somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases --- protein phosphatases --- Malus domestica --- Rosaceae --- juvenility --- FLOWERING LOCUS C --- flowering --- Hydrogen sulfide --- S-sulfhydration --- plant hormone --- gasotransmitter --- disease resistance --- plant defense --- herbivore --- phytohormone --- plant biotic stress --- plant signalling --- Medicago truncatula --- abiotic stress --- cAMP --- cyclic nucleotides-gated channels --- plant innate immunity --- Botrytis cinerea --- tomato --- iprodione --- mutant --- transcriptome analysis --- metabolism --- catalytic activity --- dwarfism --- gene cloning --- MNP1 --- CPS --- ABA signaling --- brassinosteroid signaling cascade --- drought tolerance --- priming --- stress adaptation --- stress memory --- CRISPR/Cas9 --- DELLA/TVHYNP --- Dwarf --- GA20OX2 --- GA signaling --- salinity --- selenium (Se) --- crops --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- enzymatic anti-oxidative system --- drought --- GA --- DELLA --- ABF2 --- protein-protein interaction --- Arabidopsis --- endocytosis --- microRNAs --- miPEPs --- peptides --- development --- kinase --- receptor --- stress --- tobacco --- calcium --- calcite --- reactive oxygen species --- ion channels --- cellular signalization --- brassinosteroids --- receptor-like kinases --- GSK3-like kinases --- somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinases --- protein phosphatases --- Malus domestica --- Rosaceae --- juvenility --- FLOWERING LOCUS C --- flowering --- Hydrogen sulfide --- S-sulfhydration --- plant hormone --- gasotransmitter --- disease resistance --- plant defense --- herbivore --- phytohormone --- plant biotic stress --- plant signalling --- Medicago truncatula --- abiotic stress --- cAMP --- cyclic nucleotides-gated channels --- plant innate immunity --- Botrytis cinerea --- tomato --- iprodione --- mutant --- transcriptome analysis --- metabolism --- catalytic activity --- dwarfism --- gene cloning --- MNP1 --- CPS --- ABA signaling --- brassinosteroid signaling cascade --- drought tolerance --- priming --- stress adaptation --- stress memory --- CRISPR/Cas9 --- DELLA/TVHYNP --- Dwarf --- GA20OX2 --- GA signaling