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À Byzance, au XIVème siècle, certains commencent à prendre conscience de l'avance prise dans le domaine de l'astronomie par les mondes occidental et arabo-persan. L'astrolabe, qui paraît avoir disparu du monde byzantin, en est le symbole. Un auteur, Nicéphore Grégoras, déjà connu pour quelques travaux d'astronomie, entreprend l'écriture d'un traité de construction d'un tel instrument. En butte semble-t-il à de fortes critiques, l'auteur tentera de répondre par une deuxième édition, plus complète, mais destinée surtout à démontrer la valeur scientifique de l'instrument. Vingt ans plus tard, un élève du précédent, Isaac Argyros, reprendra le travail de son maître, dans un climat manifestement apaisé, et écrira un traité de bien meilleure qualité, mais qui révèle néanmoins les limites de la connaissance dans ce domaine à Byzance, au XIVème siècle. Sensiblement à la même époque, vers 1360, un auteur essaiera, avec un certain succès, de rétablir une version exploitable du Traité de l'astrolabe de Jean Philopon. Un peu plus tard, Théodore Méliténiote publiera sa Tribible astronomique. Les deux traités que nous éditons prennent place dans l'effort fait à Byzance pour combler ce retard
Astrolabes --- Manuscrits byzantins --- Édition. --- Medieval Greek literature
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The most original and innovative Byzantine text on the Filioque discussion. The 'Dialogi sex de processione Spiritus Sancti' by Niketas, metropolitan of Thessaloniki, once known unproperly as "of Maroneia", is one of the most outstanding polemical works against the Latins, written in form of a dialogue, of the Comnenian era. Niketas (first half of the 12th c.) is commonly considered a "latinophrone" theologian, since he was "prepared to accept the Latin wording" (A. Kazhdan, 'Change in Byzantine Culture in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries', Berkeley 1985, p. 189), and his 'Dialogi' are the only Byzantine twelfth-century writings on the discussions with the Latin Church where Greek and Latin speakers reach an agreement on the procession of the Holy Spirit "through the Son", and where the Latin's arguments turn out to be ultimately longer and more persuasive than the Greek's mostly brief and provocative replies. The critical edition of these influential six dialogues, edited for the first time in their complete form, offer one of the most original and innovative text on the Filioque discussion and witness to the existence in the twelfth century of an uncommon way of interpreting the inter-Trinitarian relationship and to the usage of Aristotelic philosophy for interpreting the procession of the Holy Spirit.
Holy Spirit --- Procession --- Nicetas, --- Holy Ghost --- Paraclete --- Pneumatology (Theology) --- Spirit, Holy --- God (Christianity) --- Theology, Doctrinal --- Spirit --- Trinity --- Medieval Greek literature
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Isaac Argyros was a leading astronomer and theologian of the late 14th century, who spent most of his life at the Chora monastery in Constantinople. Besides several works on astronomy, he wrote a number of treatises against the Palamites in the tradition of his teacher and mentor Nicephorus Gregoras: (1.) De quattuor modis participationis Dei; (2.) De lumine Transfigurationis ad Gedeonem Zographum; and (3.) Solutio quaestionis cuiusdam Palamiticae.Former emperor John Cantacuzenus composed a lenghty treatise against Argyrus (Contra Argyrum), in which he attacks the fact that Argyros and his followers deny three things: that the seven spirits referred to by Isaiah are uncreated; that the grace of God is uncreated; and that men receive gifts of God in an immediate manner.Together, the four texts in this edition shed light on an interesting chapter in the palamite controversy.
Theology, Doctrinal --- Argyros, Isaac, --- John --- Christian doctrines --- Christianity --- Doctrinal theology --- Doctrines, Christian --- Dogmatic theology --- Fundamental theology --- Systematic theology --- Theology, Dogmatic --- Theology, Systematic --- Theology --- Doctrines --- Argyrus, Isaac, --- Joannes --- Iōannēs --- Joannes Christodoulos, --- Cantacuzenus, John, --- Kantakouzēnos, Iōannēs, --- Johannes --- Kantakuzenos, Johannes, --- Kantakuzin, Ioann, --- Argyros, Isaac --- Medieval Greek literature
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