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"Water City offers practical solutions to some of the environmental challenges facing 21st century cities as a result of climate change. The dense compact nature of the contemporary city makes it difficult to generate urban resilience to the effects of climate change, particularly coastal and pluvial flooding. This book describes a design-led remediation methodology that draws on catchment planning and GIS mapping and analysis to redefine the city as a series of hydrological and ecological systems. Six case studies test the presented methodology, two greenfield and four brownfield sites based in the UK, USA, New Zealand, and China. Each case study is illustrated with GIS maps and perspectives. Specific solutions to the environment problems that will be intensified by climate change are presented. Water City describes adaptation strategies to help practitioners in the urban landscape tackle these issues and make our cities better places to live. This practical guide is a key read for professionals and stakeholders in landscape architecture, urban design, planning, and all those interested in how climate change will affect the future of our cities"--
City planning --- Sustainable urban development --- Flood damage prevention --- Environmentally sustainable urban development --- Sustainable development --- Flood hazard mitigation --- Flood proofing --- Flood protection --- Floodproofing --- Flood control --- Floods --- Hazard mitigation --- Environmental aspects --- Methodology --- 711.4:504 --- Environmental planning --- urban planning --- flood control --- sustainable development --- Flood damage prevention.
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Flood control. --- Flood damage prevention. --- Flood hazard mitigation --- Flood proofing --- Flood protection --- Floodproofing --- City planning --- Flood control --- Floods --- Hazard mitigation --- Flood prevention --- Prevention of floods --- Rivers --- Forest influences --- Prevention --- Regulation
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The negative impacts of floods are attributed to the extent and magnitude of a flood hazard, and the vulnerability and exposure of natural and human elements. In flood risk management (FRM) studies, it is crucial to model the interaction between human and flood subsystems across multiple spatial, temporal and organizational scales. Models should address the heterogeneity that exists within the human subsystem, and incorporate institutions that shape the behaviour of individuals. Hence, the main objectives of the dissertation are to develop a modelling framework and a methodology to build holistic models for FRM, and to assess how coupled human-flood interaction models support FRM policy analysis and decision-making. To achieve the objectives, the study introduces the Coupled fLood-Agent-Institution Modelling framework (CLAIM). CLAIM integrates actors, institutions, the urban environment, hydrologic and hydrodynamic processes and external factors, which affect FRM activities. The framework draws on the complex system perspective and conceptualizes the interaction of floods, humans and their environment as drivers of flood hazard, vulnerability and exposure. The human and flood subsystems are modelled using agent-based models and hydrodynamic models, respectively. The two models are dynamically coupled to understand human-flood interactions and to investigate the effect of institutions on FRM policy analysis.
Flood control. --- Flood damage prevention. --- Flood hazard mitigation --- Flood proofing --- Flood protection --- Floodproofing --- City planning --- Flood control --- Floods --- Hazard mitigation --- Flood prevention --- Prevention of floods --- Rivers --- Forest influences --- Prevention --- Regulation
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This Handbook is focused on structural resilience in the event of fire. It serves as a single point of reference for practicing structural and fire protection engineers on the topic of structural fire safety. It is also stands as a key point of reference for university students engaged with structural fire engineering. Maximizes reader understanding of the concepts of structural fire safety and why/how they emerged and evolved over time Discusses what design fire models exist, when they might be chosen and why Details how different materials respond to fire and the methods that can be employed to attempt to ensure adequate structural response in fire Provides guidance concerning how solutions can be adequately implemented during the construction process Reviews the means by which post-fire performance can be interrogated and under what circumstances different structural forms can or cannot be re-instated.
Fire prevention --- Fire prevention. --- Buildings --- Building materials. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Solids. --- Fire Science, Hazard Control, Building Safety. --- Structural Materials. --- Solid Mechanics. --- Protection. --- Solid state physics --- Transparent solids --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Architectural materials --- Architecture --- Building --- Building supplies --- Construction materials --- Structural materials --- Materials --- Building damage prevention --- Building protection --- Protection of buildings --- Building failures --- Fire safety --- Fires --- Prevention of fires --- Fire protection engineering --- Public safety --- Insurance engineering --- Damage prevention --- Fires and fire prevention --- Prevention
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This book addresses the performance of a multi-storey timber building subjected to a model fire that represents a real, potentially devastating internal fire. Readers will learn about factors concerning fire hazards in buildings; the mechanisms of how fires start and spread; and the degrading impact of fire on wood and wood-based materials, especially their mechanical properties. The book also discusses the fire resistance of timber buildings and the design principles for fire safety, summarised in Eurocodes. In turn, a fire test on a full-size wooden structure demonstrates the principles discussed. The test makes up an essential part of the book, as to its individual steps: the development, planning, execution and subsequent assessment. This is complemented by detailed temperature monitoring at hundreds of individual spots and the reaction of the wood constructions, illustrated in extensive photo documentation. The temperature and fire development presented there show the fire's initial mechanism and its further behaviour in a wood construction. The test proved the feasibility of fire protection and safe design of timber buildings, offering insights that can be generally applied in research, material and construction development. Accordingly, the book will be especially useful for architects, building and fire engineers, as well as researchers dealing with the fire performance of timber buildings.
Fire prevention. --- Buildings—Design and construction. --- Building. --- Construction. --- Engineering, Architectural. --- Light construction. --- Steel construction. --- Lightweight construction. --- Structural materials. --- Fire Science, Hazard Control, Building Safety. --- Building Construction and Design. --- Light Construction, Steel Construction, Timber Construction. --- Structural Materials. --- Architectural materials --- Architecture --- Building --- Building supplies --- Buildings --- Construction materials --- Structural materials --- Materials --- Construction, Lightweight --- Light construction --- Light weight construction --- Minimum weight construction --- Architectural engineering --- Engineering, Architectural --- Iron and steel building --- Iron construction --- Steel and iron building --- Steel construction --- Girders --- Graphic statics --- Iron --- Steel --- Iron, Structural --- Steel, Structural --- Construction --- Construction science --- Structural design --- Structural engineering --- Construction industry --- Fire safety --- Fires --- Prevention of fires --- Fire protection engineering --- Public safety --- Insurance engineering --- Design and construction --- Fires and fire prevention --- Prevention --- Fire testing. --- Flammability testing --- Building, Fireproof --- Building materials --- Fire prevention --- Fireproofing --- Testing --- Research --- Building materials. --- Light-weight Construction, Steel and Timber Construction. --- Wood, fabric, and textiles. --- Protection. --- Design and construction. --- Building damage prevention --- Building protection --- Protection of buildings --- Building failures --- Damage prevention --- Fires.
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