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In this Special Issue, we focus on maternal docosahexaenoic acid, 22:6n-3 (DHA), and arachidonic acid, 20:4n-6 (ARA), on children’s neurodevelopment. During the last trimester of gestation and for the first 18 months after birth, both DHA and ARA are preferentially deposited within the cerebral cortex at a rapid rate. The mode of action of these two fatty acids and their derivatives at different structural–functional roles, and their levels in the signaling pathways of the brain have been continuously studied. These fatty acids are also involved in various brain developmental processes; however, their mechanistic cross talks are not yet clearly known. Recent data suggest that there may be a need for a balanced proportion of ARA and DHA in infant formula due to their complementary benefits. This review describes the importance of ARA in addition to DHA to support optimal brain development and growth in an infant, and functional roles in the brain.

Medicine --- maternal supplementation --- pregnancy --- lactation --- docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) --- neurodevelopment --- randomized controlled trial (RCT) --- India --- DHA --- brain --- MFSD2a --- SPM --- fetus --- placenta --- infant --- neurogenesis --- pre-term --- docosahexaenoic acid --- supplementation --- egg yolk --- microalgae --- long chain omega-3 fatty acids --- pregnancy outcomes --- anthropometry --- birth weight --- birth length --- head circumference --- arachidonic acid,20:4n-6 --- docosahexaenoic acid,22:6n-3 --- maternal diet --- cognitive --- infants --- maternal supplementation --- pregnancy --- lactation --- docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) --- neurodevelopment --- randomized controlled trial (RCT) --- India --- DHA --- brain --- MFSD2a --- SPM --- fetus --- placenta --- infant --- neurogenesis --- pre-term --- docosahexaenoic acid --- supplementation --- egg yolk --- microalgae --- long chain omega-3 fatty acids --- pregnancy outcomes --- anthropometry --- birth weight --- birth length --- head circumference --- arachidonic acid,20:4n-6 --- docosahexaenoic acid,22:6n-3 --- maternal diet --- cognitive --- infants

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In recent years, marine genomics has become a growning rapidly field, helped by the large amount of information that is becoming available to the international scientific community. Taking into account the current excitement in the field of marine biotechnology, this Special Issue entitled “Genome Mining and Synthetic Biology in Marine Natural Product Discovery” aims to to assess the impact of these molecular approaches on the discovery of bioactive compounds from marine organisms. The term “genome mining” is used to identify all bioinformatic investigations aimed at detecting the biosynthetic pathways of bioactive natural products and their possible functional and chemical interactions. Several studies are now reporting on marine organisms. Oceans cover nearly 70% of the Earth’s surface and host a huge ecological, chemical, and biological diversity. The natural conditions of the sea favor, in marine organisms, the production of a large variety of novel molecules with great pharmaceutical potential. Marine organisms are unique in their structural and functional features compared to terrestrial ones. Innovation in this field is very rapid, as revealed by the funding of several Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) and Horizon 2020 projects under the topic “Blue Growth”, with the urgent goal of discovering new drugs.

Technology: general issues --- genome mining --- global regulator --- LaeA --- overexpression --- Penicillium dipodomyis --- sorbicillinoids --- ulvan-derived oligosaccharides --- ulvan lyase --- heterologous expression --- polysaccharide lyase family 25 --- whole-genome sequencing --- docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) --- polyunsaturated fatty acid --- fatty acid synthesis pathway --- polyketide synthase pathway --- bacteria --- fungi --- natural products --- synthetic biology --- microalgae --- monogalactosyldiacylglycerol synthase --- UDP-sulfoquinovose synthase --- sulfoquinovosyltransferase --- monogalactosyldiacylglycerols --- sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols --- transcriptome analysis --- n/a

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Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP), also referred to as HRF or fortilin, is a multifunctional protein, expressed in all eukaryotic organisms from protozoa to humans. TCTP is involved in many basic biological processes, such as cell division, growth, and development. It is therefore not surprising that dysregulation of TCTP occurs in various disease processes, such as cardiovascular, allergic, and immune disorders. TCTP’s role in cancer-promoting pathways is well- documented, and the protein is considered a potential target for the design of new anti-cancer strategies. Therefore, an understanding of the core biological functions of TCTP, the mechanisms underlying its cellular regulation, and its involvement in disease processes is important. This book provides a current overview on the basic biological functions of TCTP and on its role in promoting a range of disease processes.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Loxosceles --- brown spider --- TCTP --- venom --- toxin --- HRF --- allergy --- mast cells --- basophils --- IgE --- FcεRI --- translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) --- apoptosis --- conditional knockout mice --- development --- Nestin-cre --- neurogenesis --- neuronal progenitor cells --- perinatal death --- proliferation --- Mmi1 --- translationally controlled tumor protein --- autophagy --- reactive oxygen species --- rapamycin --- nitrogen starvation --- cancer --- phospho-TCTP --- DHA --- T-DM1 --- HER2-positive breast cancer --- TCTP (HRF --- fortilin) --- growth and development --- biological stress reactions --- regulation of protein synthesis --- regulated protein degradation --- cardiovascular diseases --- Loxosceles --- brown spider --- TCTP --- venom --- toxin --- HRF --- allergy --- mast cells --- basophils --- IgE --- FcεRI --- translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) --- apoptosis --- conditional knockout mice --- development --- Nestin-cre --- neurogenesis --- neuronal progenitor cells --- perinatal death --- proliferation --- Mmi1 --- translationally controlled tumor protein --- autophagy --- reactive oxygen species --- rapamycin --- nitrogen starvation --- cancer --- phospho-TCTP --- DHA --- T-DM1 --- HER2-positive breast cancer --- TCTP (HRF --- fortilin) --- growth and development --- biological stress reactions --- regulation of protein synthesis --- regulated protein degradation --- cardiovascular diseases

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In July 2003, a conference was held at the University of Heidelberg (Germany), focusing on the people and land of Judah during the 5th and early 4th centuries B.C.E.— the period when the Persian Empire held sway over the entire ancient Near East. This volume publishes the papers of the participants in the working group that attended the Heidelberg conference.Participants whose contributions appear here include: Y. Amit, B. Becking, J. Berquist, J. Blenkinsopp, M. Dandamayev, D. Edelman, T. Eskenazi, A. Fantalkin and O. Tal, L. Fried, L. Grabbe, S. Japhet, J. Kessler, E. A. Knauf, G. Knoppers, R. Kratz, A. Lemaire, O. Lipschits, H. Liss, M. Oeming, L. Pearce, F. Polak, B. Porten and A. Yardeni, E. Stern, D. Ussishkin, D. Vanderhooft, and J. Wright.The conference was the second of three meetings; the first, held at Tel Aviv in May 2001, was published as Judah and the Judeans in the Neo-Babylonian Period by Eisenbrauns in 2003. A third conference focusing on Judah and the Judeans in the Hellenistic era was held in the summer of 2005, at Münster, Germany, and will also be published by Eisenbrauns.

Jews --- Judaism --- Hebrews --- Israelites --- Jewish people --- Jewry --- Judaic people --- Judaists --- Ethnology --- Religious adherents --- Semites --- History --- Bible. --- Antico Testamento --- Hebrew Bible --- Hebrew Scriptures --- Kitve-ḳodesh --- Miḳra --- Old Testament --- Palaia Diathēkē --- Pentateuch, Prophets, and Hagiographa --- Sean-Tiomna --- Stary Testament --- Tanakh --- Tawrāt --- Torah, Neviʼim, Ketuvim --- Torah, Neviʼim u-Khetuvim --- Velho Testamento --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Judaea (Region) --- Yehud (Persian province) --- Erets Yehudah (Region) --- Ereẓ Yehudah (Region) --- Judah, Land of (Region) --- Judea (Region) --- Land of Judah (Region) --- Yahūdhā (Region) --- Yehuda (Region)

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Blue biotechnology plays a major role in converting marine biomass into societal value, being a key pillar for many marine economy developmental frameworks and sustainability strategies, such as the Blue Growth Strategy, diverse Sea Basin Strategies (e.g., Atlantic Action Plan Priority 1 and 2 and COM (2017) 183), the Marine Strategy Framework Directive, the Limassol Declaration, or even the UN Sustainable Development 2030 Agenda. However, despite the recognized biotechnological potential of marine biomass, the work is dispersed between multiple areas of applied biotechnology, resulting in few concrete examples of product development.This book highlight the vast potential that marine resources hold, from viruses to seaweeds, and a myriad of applications from antimicrobials and cosmetics to feed and food that contributes to a market-driven and industrially orientated research, which will increase the efficiency of the marine biodiscovery pipeline and ultimately deliver realistic and measurable benefits to society, which is paramount for sustained blue growth and a successful market penetration of targeted biomolecules or enriched extracts for new product development, which are cornerstone issues for the present and the future of a marine biobased economy.

Technology: general issues --- microalgae --- fucoxanthin --- fatty acids --- antioxidant --- supercritical CO2 extraction --- co-solvent. --- Box–Behnken design --- extraction conditions --- bioactive compounds --- invasive seaweed --- cosmetics --- commercial microalgae cultivation --- dietary supplements --- lutein production --- marine microalgae --- Calliblepharis jubata --- aquaculture --- carbohydrates --- carrageenan --- Vibrio mediterranei --- giant phage --- complete genome --- skincare --- antioxidant activity --- antimicrobial activity --- cytotoxicity --- anti-enzymatic activity --- anti-inflammatory activity --- Phaedactylum tricornutum --- photochemistry --- single wavelength LEDs --- Rhodotorula sp. --- docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) --- carotenoids --- canthaxanthin --- raw glycerol --- n/a --- Box-Behnken design