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Paleosols formed in direct contact with the Earth's atmosphere, so they can record the composition of the atmosphere through weathering processes and products. Herein we critically review a variety of different approaches for reconstructing atmospheric O2 and CO2 over the past three billion years. Paleosols indicate relatively low CO2 over that time, requiring additional greenhouse forcing to overcome the 'faint young Sun' paradox in the Archean and Mesoproterozoic, as well as low O2 levels until the Neoproterozoic. Emerging techniques will revise the history of Earth's atmosphere further and may provide a window into atmospheric evolution on other planets.
Paleopedology. --- Paleoclimatology --- Atmospheric carbon dioxide --- Oxygen --- Precambrian. --- Evolution.
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The idea of building an economy which supports sustainable development without degrading the environment has been widely debated and broadly embraced by politicians, civil servants, the media, academics and the public alike for several decades. This book explores the measures being trialled at various levels of governance in the European region to reduce the adverse impacts of human behaviour on the environment whilst simultaneously addressing society's economic and social needs as part of the intended shift towards a 'green' economy. It includes European case studies that scrutinise the efforts being undertaken at sub-national, national and regional tiers of governance to facilitate the transition to a low carbon economy. This book will be of interest to graduate students, researchers, practitioners, and policy makers working in environmental governance, European studies, environmental studies, political science, and management studies.
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"Pricing Carbon Emissions provides an economic critique on the utopian idea of a uniform carbon price for addressing rising carbon emissions, exposing the flaws in the economic propositions with a key focus on the EU's Emissions Trading System (ETS). After an Executive Summary of the contents, the chapters build up understanding of orthodox economics' role in protecting the neoliberal paradigm. A salient case, the ETS is successful in shielding the Business-as-Usual activities of the EU's industry, however this book argues that the system fails in creating innovation for decarbonizing production technologies. A subsequent political economy analysis by the author points to the discursive power of giant fossil fuel and electricity companies keeping up a façade of Cap-and-Trade utopia and hiding the reality of free permit donations and administrative price control, concealing financial bills mostly paid by household electricity customers. The twilights between reality and utopia in the EU's ETS are exposed, concluding an immediate end of the system is necessary for effective and just climate policy. The work argues that the proposition of shifting to a global uniform carbon tax is equally utopian. In practice, a uniform price applied on heterogeneous cases is not a source of benefits but one of ad-hoc adjustments, exceptions, and exemptions. Carbon pricing does not induce innovation, however assumed by the economic models used by IPCC for advising global climate policy. Thus, it is persuasively demonstrated by the author that these schemes are doomed to failure and room and resources need to be created for more effective and just climate politics. The book's conclusion is based on economic arguments, complementing the critique of political scientists. This book is written for a broad audience interested in climate policy eager to understand why decarbonizing progress is slow as it is. It marks a significant addition to the literature on climate politics, carbon pricing and the political economy of the environment more broadly. Aviel Verbruggen is Emeritus Professor at University of Antwerp, Belgium. His experiences and knowledge focus primarily on the subjects of politics, engineering and economics"--
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This book discusses the concepts, methods and case studies pertaining to Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) based Carbon Footprint Assessment. It covers chapters on Carbon Footprint Assessment with LCA methodology & case studies on carbon footprint calculation following the LCA approach on power plants in India, Impacts of Vehicle Incidents On CO2 Emissions and school buildings in India.
Environment. --- Green chemistry. --- Environmental education. --- Environment, general. --- Green Chemistry. --- Environmental and Sustainability Education. --- Education --- Environmental chemistry --- Sustainable chemistry --- Chemical engineering --- Chemistry, Technical --- Sustainable engineering --- Industrial applications --- Atmospheric carbon dioxide --- Measurement. --- Air --- Atmospheric chemistry --- Carbon dioxide --- Carbon dioxide content
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Carbon sequestration. --- Carbon dioxide mitigation. --- Atmospheric carbon dioxide mitigation --- Carbon dioxide capture --- Mitigation of carbon dioxide --- Pollution prevention --- Carbon capture and storage --- Carbon dioxide sequestration --- CCS (Carbon sequestration) --- Sequestration (Chemistry)
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Sustainable development. --- Carbon dioxide mitigation. --- Atmospheric carbon dioxide mitigation --- Carbon dioxide capture --- Mitigation of carbon dioxide --- Pollution prevention --- Development, Sustainable --- Ecologically sustainable development --- Economic development, Sustainable --- Economic sustainability --- ESD (Ecologically sustainable development) --- Smart growth --- Sustainable development --- Sustainable economic development --- Economic development --- Environmental aspects
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Sustainable agriculture --- Carbon dioxide mitigation --- Economic aspects. --- Technological innovations. --- Atmospheric carbon dioxide mitigation --- Carbon dioxide capture --- Mitigation of carbon dioxide --- Pollution prevention --- Low-input agriculture --- Low-input sustainable agriculture --- Lower input agriculture --- Resource-efficient agriculture --- Sustainable farming --- Agriculture --- Alternative agriculture --- Reducció del diòxid de carboni --- Agricultura sostenible --- Innovacions tecnològiques --- Condicions econòmiques
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This book focuses on carbon dioxide and its global role in our everyday life. Starting with society's dependency on energy, it demonstrates the various sources of carbon dioxide and discusses the putative effects of its accumulation in the atmosphere and its impact on the climate. It then provides an overview of how we can reduce carbon dioxide production and reviews innovative technologies and alternative energy resources. The book closes with a perspective on how carbon dioxide can be utilized reasonably and how mimicking nature can provide us with a solution. Using simple language, this book discusses one of today's biggest challenges for the future of our planet in a way that is understandable for the general public. The authors also provide deep insights into specific issues, making the book a useful resource for researchers and students.
Chemical engineering. --- Environmental chemistry. --- Renewable energy resources. --- Catalysis. --- Biotechnology. --- Natural resources. --- Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering. --- Environmental Chemistry. --- Renewable and Green Energy. --- Natural Resource and Energy Economics. --- Chemistry, Industrial --- Engineering, Chemical --- Industrial chemistry --- Engineering --- Chemistry, Technical --- Metallurgy --- National resources --- Natural resources --- Resources, Natural --- Resource-based communities --- Resource curse --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Activation (Chemistry) --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Surface chemistry --- Chemistry, Environmental --- Chemistry --- Ecology --- Economic aspects --- Atmospheric carbon dioxide. --- Carbon dioxide mitigation. --- Greenhouse gas mitigation. --- Abatement of greenhouse gas emissions --- Emission reduction, Greenhouse gas --- Emissions reduction, Greenhouse gas --- GHG mitigation --- Greenhouse gas abatement --- Greenhouse gas emission reduction --- Greenhouse gas emissions reduction --- Greenhouse gas reduction --- Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions --- Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions --- Pollution prevention --- Atmospheric carbon dioxide mitigation --- Carbon dioxide capture --- Mitigation of carbon dioxide --- Air --- Atmospheric chemistry --- Carbon dioxide --- Carbon dioxide content
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Clean and sustainable energy is of paramount importance for industrial activities, economic development, environment, and welfare of civilians. As such, research on generation, storage, and application of clean energy is a central concern of both academia and industry. This collection addresses the pressing needs for sustainable technologies with reduced energy consumption and environmental pollutions and the development and application of alternative sustainable energy to maintain a green environment and efficient and long-lasting energy supply. Contributors represent both industry and academia and focus on new and efficient energy technologies including innovative ore beneficiation, smelting technologies, and recycling and waste heat recovery, as well as emerging novel energy solutions. The volume also covers a broad range of mature and new technological aspects of sustainable energy ecosystems, processes that improve energy efficiency, reduce thermal emissions, and reduce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse emissions.
Materials science. --- Force and energy. --- Renewable energy resources. --- Fossil fuels. --- Energy Materials. --- Renewable and Green Energy. --- Fossil Fuels (incl. Carbon Capture). --- Fossil energy --- Fuel --- Energy minerals --- Conservation of energy --- Correlation of forces --- Energy --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Material science --- Physical sciences --- Carbon dioxide mitigation --- Energy development --- Renewable energy sources --- Technological innovations --- Atmospheric carbon dioxide mitigation --- Carbon dioxide capture --- Mitigation of carbon dioxide --- Pollution prevention --- Energy resources development --- Energy source development --- Power resources development --- Power resources
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