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Western analysts have long denigrated Islamic states as antagonistic, even antithetical, to the rule of law. Mark Fathi Massoud tells a different story: for nearly 150 years, the Somali people have embraced shari'a, commonly translated as Islamic law, in the struggle for national identity and human rights. Lawyers, community leaders, and activists throughout the Horn of Africa have invoked God to oppose colonialism, resist dictators, expel warlords, and to fight for gender equality - all critical steps on the path to the rule of law. Shari'a, Inshallah traces the most dramatic moments of legal change, political collapse, and reconstruction in Somalia and Somaliland. Massoud upends the conventional account of secular legal progress and demonstrates instead how faith in a higher power guides people toward the rule of law.

Law --- Justice, Administration of --- Islamic influences. --- Administration of justice --- Courts --- Acts, Legislative --- Enactments, Legislative --- Laws (Statutes) --- Legislative acts --- Legislative enactments --- Jurisprudence --- Legislation --- Law and legislation

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"This interdisciplinary volume presents a nuanced critique of the prison experience in diverse detention facilities across Africa. The book stresses the contingent, porous nature of African prisons, across both time and space. It draws on original long-term ethnographic research undertaken in both Francophone and Anglophone settings, which are grouped in four parts. The first part examines how the prison has imprinted itself on wider political and social imaginaries and, in turn, how structures of imprisonment carry the imprint of political action of various times. The second part stresses how particular forms of ordering emerge in African prisons. It is held that while these often involve coercion and neglect, they are better understood as the product of on-going negotiations and the search for meaning and value on the part of a multitude of actors. The third part is concerned with how prison life percolates beyond its physical perimeters into its urban and rural surroundings, and vice versa. It deals with the popular and contested nature of what prisons are about and what they do, especially in regard to bringing about moral subjects. The fourth and final part of the book examines how efforts of reforming and resisting the prison take shape at the intersection of globally circulating models of good governance and levels of self-organisation by prisoners"--

Criminology. Victimology --- Criminal law. Criminal procedure --- Africa --- Imprisonment --- Justice, Administration of --- Prisons --- Dungeons --- Gaols --- Penitentiaries --- Correctional institutions --- Prison-industrial complex --- Administration of justice --- Law --- Courts --- Confinement --- Incarceration --- Corrections --- Detention of persons --- Punishment --- School-to-prison pipeline --- Law and legislation

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Situated at the intersection of law and literature, nineteenth-century studies and post-colonialism, Colonial Law in India and the Victorian Imagination draws on original archival research to shed new light on Victorian literature. Each chapter explores the relationship between the shared cultural logic of law and literature, and considers how this inflected colonial sociality. Leila Neti approaches the legal archive in a distinctly literary fashion, attending to nuances of voice, character, diction and narrative, while also tracing elements of fact and procedure, reading the case summaries as literary texts to reveal the common turns of imagination that motivated both fictional and legal narratives. What emerges is an innovative political analytic for understanding the entanglements between judicial and cultural norms in Britain and the colony, bridging the critical gap in how law and literature interact within the colonial arena.

English fiction --- Justice, Administration of --- Narration (Rhetoric) --- Law and literature --- History and criticism. --- History --- Great Britain. --- Administration of justice --- Law --- Courts --- Literature and law --- Literature --- Narrative (Rhetoric) --- Narrative writing --- Rhetoric --- Discourse analysis, Narrative --- Narratees (Rhetoric) --- Law and legislation --- Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (Great Britain) --- Court of Appeals from the Plantations (Great Britain) --- JCPC --- Caribbean Court of Justice

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Judges --- Justice, Administration of --- Artificial intelligence --- Administration of justice --- Law --- Courts --- Alcaldes --- Cadis --- Chief justices --- Chief magistrates --- Justices --- Magistrates --- Technological innovations --- Law and legislation --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- Officials and employees --- AI (Artificial intelligence) --- Artificial thinking --- Electronic brains --- Intellectronics --- Intelligence, Artificial --- Intelligent machines --- Machine intelligence --- Thinking, Artificial --- Bionics --- Cognitive science --- Digital computer simulation --- Electronic data processing --- Logic machines --- Machine theory --- Self-organizing systems --- Simulation methods --- Fifth generation computers --- Neural computers --- Judges. --- Artificial intelligence. --- Technological innovations. --- Juges. --- Intelligence artificielle. --- Justice --- Administration. --- E-justice.

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"When a country is being subverted it is not being outfought; it is being out-administered" Bernard Fall "The theory and Practice of Insurgency and Counterinsurgency." (1965) 18 Naval War College Review 21, 34 "It seemed the right to do at the time" may be what Haisam Omar Sakhanh is thinking from the relative comfort of the high security prison in Sweden where he is serving a life sentence for war crimes. After completing the mandatory three-year military service in the Syrian army, he had worked as an electrician in Syria and abroad. When the regime of Bashar Al-Assad started killing children and committing other horrific crimes, he felt he had to do something, and he became active in the opposition movement. After fleeing to Italy, Sakhanh participated in anti-Assad protests in Milan before deciding that he had to join the fight to free his country. He flew to Hatay airport in southern Turkey on 30 April 2012, crossing the border through the mountains to join the Suleiman Battle Company in the village of Kfar Kila. This rebel group had a reputation for being well armed and effective, operating independently of, but in collaboration with, the Free Syrian Army in the fight against the Assad regime. Sakhanh was immediately incorporated into the armed group, and his war experience took a turn only four days after joining the rebellion. On the night of May 4th, his unit was involved in an attack against a government outpost, leading to the capture of eleven soldiers of the Syrian armed forces. Two were freed immediately, but the other nine were detained on suspicion of mistreating passing refugees over previous weeks. The next day, Sakhanh was detailed to another village to participate in the funerals of one member of his unit killed in the attack. When he returned, he was told that a Free Syrian Army Judicial Council composed of judges who had defected from the regime had held a court-martial for the detained Syrian soldiers in a town a few kilometers away. The court had heard from numerous witnesses, and mobile phones found on the accused contained videos of the soldiers raping women. Two of the soldiers were acquitted and seven were found guilty of the rape and murder of civilians. Applying the Syrian Penal Code, the rebel judges sentenced these seven men to capital punishment. When Sakhanh heard his name called to join the firing squad, he felt a bit nervous but not uncomfortable: he was a soldier, orders must be obeyed, and he had no reason to distrust the group that he had joined. Fatefully, someone filmed the execution. After three months in Syria, Sakhanh decided that armed insurgency was not for him and he made his way to Sweden. He claimed to be a refugee from Syria, affirmed that he had taken no part in armed hostilities, and was duly granted refugee status in October 2012. The video of the execution eventually made its way to the New York Times, which posted it online. Someone in Sweden recognised Sakhanh and he was arrested in 2016 and accused of murder. At trial, Sakhanh acknowledged that it was him on the video, but argued that he had been carrying out a lawful punishment imposed by a regularly constituted court of an armed group in the context of a noninternational armed conflict. In February 2017, the Stockholm District Court convicted Sakhanh of serious violations of Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions and sentenced him to life imprisonment, a decision confirmed by the Svea Court of Appeal"--

Insurgency --- Justice, Administration of --- Legitimacy of governments --- Recognition (International law) --- De facto doctrine (International law) --- De facto government --- Estrada doctrine --- Nonrecognition of governments --- International law --- De facto doctrine --- State succession --- Governments, Legitimacy of --- Legitimacy (Constitutional law) --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- Revolutions --- Sovereignty --- State, The --- General will --- Political stability --- Regime change --- Administration of justice --- Law --- Courts --- Insurgent attacks --- Rebellions --- Civil war --- Political crimes and offenses --- Government, Resistance to --- Internal security --- Law and legislation