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This thesis presents the first ever measurement of the noise emitted by magnetic monopoles and the development of an exquisitely sensitive magnetic-field-noise spectrometer based on a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) that enabled it. Magnetic monopoles are highly elusive elementary particles exhibiting quantized magnetic charge. The prospects for studying them brightened recently with the theoretical discovery that the thermally excited states in certain classes of magnetic insulators exhibit all the characteristics of magnetic monopoles. Furthermore, in 2018, it was predicted that the random motion of magnetic monopoles inside would generate a very specific kind of magnetization noise. In this thesis, the author describes a new experimental technique, so-called spin noise spectroscopy, and the subsequent discovery of virtually all of the predicted features of the magnetic noise expected from a dense fluid of magnetic monopoles in crystals of Dy2Ti2O7. Remarkably, because this magnetic monopole noise occurs in the frequency range below 20kHz, when amplified by the SQUID it is actually audible to humans.

Magnetism. --- Magnetic materials. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Low temperature physics. --- Low temperatures. --- Physical measurements. --- Measurement   . --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Low Temperature Physics. --- Measurement Science and Instrumentation. --- Measuring --- Mensuration --- Mathematics --- Technology --- Metrology --- Physical measurements --- Measurements, Physical --- Mathematical physics --- Measurement --- Cryogenics --- Low temperature physics --- Temperatures, Low --- Temperature --- Cold --- Electronic materials --- Optics --- Materials --- Physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Magnetic monopoles. --- Monopoles, Magnetic --- Electromagnetism --- Magnetic pole

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This book presents a collection of problems in spin wave excitations with their detailed solutions. Each chapter briefly introduces the important concepts, encouraging the reader to further explore the physics of spin wave excitations and the engineering of spin wave devices by working through the accompanying problem sets. The initial chapters cover the fundamental aspects of magnetization, with its origins in quantum mechanics, followed by chapters on spin wave excitations, such as the magnetostatic approximation, Walker's equation, the spin wave manifold in the three different excitation geometries of forward volume, backward volume and surface waves, and the dispersion of spin waves. The latter chapters focus on the practical aspects of spin waves and spin wave optical devices and use the problem sets to introduce concepts such as variational analysis and coupled mode theory. Finally, for the more advanced reader, the book covers nonlinear interactions and topics such as spin wave quantization, spin torque excitations, and the inverse Doppler effect. The topics range in difficulty from elementary to advanced. All problems are solved in detail and the reader is encouraged to develop an understanding of spin wave excitations and spin wave devices while also strengthening their mathematical, analytical, and numerical programming skills.

Magnetism. --- Magnetic materials. --- Microwaves. --- Optical engineering. --- Electronics. --- Microelectronics. --- Signal processing. --- Image processing. --- Speech processing systems. --- Electrical engineering. --- Magnetism, Magnetic Materials. --- Microwaves, RF and Optical Engineering. --- Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation. --- Signal, Image and Speech Processing. --- Electrical Engineering. --- Electric engineering --- Engineering --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Processing, Signal --- Information measurement --- Signal theory (Telecommunication) --- Computational linguistics --- Electronic systems --- Information theory --- Modulation theory --- Oral communication --- Speech --- Telecommunication --- Singing voice synthesizers --- Microminiature electronic equipment --- Microminiaturization (Electronics) --- Electronics --- Microtechnology --- Semiconductors --- Miniature electronic equipment --- Electrical engineering --- Physical sciences --- Mechanical engineering --- Hertzian waves --- Electric waves --- Electromagnetic waves --- Geomagnetic micropulsations --- Radio waves --- Shortwave radio --- Materials --- Mathematical physics --- Physics --- Electricity --- Magnetics --- Spin waves. --- Waves, Spin --- Ferromagnetism --- Low temperatures --- Nuclear spin

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Antioxidants in food have a dual role; on the one hand, they preserve the quality and shelf life of food products; on the other hand, they function as an external aid, helping to defend our living cells from the threat of oxidative stress. Therefore, foods rich in antioxidants are a useful tool to reduce morbidity and prevent degenerative diseases. Consequently, research related to antioxidants is continually growing. This book brings together 21 articles regarding the latest advances in the most relevant fields of food antioxidant research; from the identification and characterization of new active components, to their molecular mechanisms and the scientific evidence of their clinical use and effectiveness.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- green tea extract --- food processing --- tannase --- ultrasound --- antioxidant activity --- liver injury --- acclimatisation --- antioxidant defences --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- in vitro culture --- peroxidase --- stevia plants --- 7S basic globulins --- anti-inflammatory protein --- antioxidant protein --- cytokines --- glutathione --- iNOS --- nitric oxide --- oxidative stress --- sweet lupins group --- home-cooking --- extra virgin olive oil --- UPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS --- healthy cooking --- Mediterranean diet --- phenolic compounds --- bioactive compounds --- functional pasta --- gluten-free pasta --- bioaccessibility --- bioavailability --- whole grain --- composite flour --- legumes --- food by-products --- avocados (Persea americana Mill.) --- low temperatures --- plastochromanol-8 --- tocotrienols --- tocopherols --- tocochromanols --- kombucha --- tea --- fermentation --- antioxidant --- flavonoids --- polyphenols --- ascorbic acid --- chlorophyll and carotenoid content --- biodiversity --- Capsicum annuum L. --- β-carotene --- statistical analysis --- rye bread --- microencapsulation --- phenolics --- in vitro relative bioaccessibility --- lipoxygenase --- cyclooxygenase --- acetylcholinesterase --- biological activity --- lycopene --- antioxidants --- cancer --- diabetes --- cardiovascular diseases --- skin disorders --- free radicals --- spectrophotometer --- limitations --- chemical reactions --- colorimetry --- anthraquinone --- free radical scavenging --- inflammatory cytokines --- apoptosis --- Rumex crispus --- skins --- seeds --- Vitis vinifera --- cyclic voltammetry --- anthocyanin metabolites --- cardioprotection --- hepatoprotection --- nephroprotection --- neuroprotection --- antioxidant peptides --- element of pork carcasses --- spectrometric analysis --- ascorbate --- ascorbate–glutathione cycle --- capsaicin --- catalase --- dihydrocapsaicin --- NADP-dehydrogenases --- superoxide dismutase --- red cabbage --- in vitro gastrointestinal digestion --- acid-resistant capsule --- UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS --- apples --- reducing and chelating capacity --- HPLC–DAD–MS/MS --- Dillenia indica --- heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) --- nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) --- RAW 264.7 cells --- apo-carotenals --- bone --- osteoclasts --- NFκB --- synergy --- n/a --- ascorbate-glutathione cycle --- HPLC-DAD-MS/MS

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Antioxidants in food have a dual role; on the one hand, they preserve the quality and shelf life of food products; on the other hand, they function as an external aid, helping to defend our living cells from the threat of oxidative stress. Therefore, foods rich in antioxidants are a useful tool to reduce morbidity and prevent degenerative diseases. Consequently, research related to antioxidants is continually growing. This book brings together 21 articles regarding the latest advances in the most relevant fields of food antioxidant research; from the identification and characterization of new active components, to their molecular mechanisms and the scientific evidence of their clinical use and effectiveness.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- green tea extract --- food processing --- tannase --- ultrasound --- antioxidant activity --- liver injury --- acclimatisation --- antioxidant defences --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- in vitro culture --- peroxidase --- stevia plants --- 7S basic globulins --- anti-inflammatory protein --- antioxidant protein --- cytokines --- glutathione --- iNOS --- nitric oxide --- oxidative stress --- sweet lupins group --- home-cooking --- extra virgin olive oil --- UPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS --- healthy cooking --- Mediterranean diet --- phenolic compounds --- bioactive compounds --- functional pasta --- gluten-free pasta --- bioaccessibility --- bioavailability --- whole grain --- composite flour --- legumes --- food by-products --- avocados (Persea americana Mill.) --- low temperatures --- plastochromanol-8 --- tocotrienols --- tocopherols --- tocochromanols --- kombucha --- tea --- fermentation --- antioxidant --- flavonoids --- polyphenols --- ascorbic acid --- chlorophyll and carotenoid content --- biodiversity --- Capsicum annuum L. --- β-carotene --- statistical analysis --- rye bread --- microencapsulation --- phenolics --- in vitro relative bioaccessibility --- lipoxygenase --- cyclooxygenase --- acetylcholinesterase --- biological activity --- lycopene --- antioxidants --- cancer --- diabetes --- cardiovascular diseases --- skin disorders --- free radicals --- spectrophotometer --- limitations --- chemical reactions --- colorimetry --- anthraquinone --- free radical scavenging --- inflammatory cytokines --- apoptosis --- Rumex crispus --- skins --- seeds --- Vitis vinifera --- cyclic voltammetry --- anthocyanin metabolites --- cardioprotection --- hepatoprotection --- nephroprotection --- neuroprotection --- antioxidant peptides --- element of pork carcasses --- spectrometric analysis --- ascorbate --- ascorbate-glutathione cycle --- capsaicin --- catalase --- dihydrocapsaicin --- NADP-dehydrogenases --- superoxide dismutase --- red cabbage --- in vitro gastrointestinal digestion --- acid-resistant capsule --- UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS --- apples --- reducing and chelating capacity --- HPLC-DAD-MS/MS --- Dillenia indica --- heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) --- nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) --- RAW 264.7 cells --- apo-carotenals --- bone --- osteoclasts --- NFκB --- synergy