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2021 (2)

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Real-Time Forecasting with a (Standard) Mixed-Frequency VAR During a Pandemic
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau of Economic Research

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Abstract

We resuscitated the mixed-frequency vector autoregression (MF-VAR) developed in Schorfheide and Song (2015, JBES) to generate macroeconomic forecasts for the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic in real time. The model combines eleven time series observed at two frequencies: quarterly and monthly. We deliberately did not modify the model specification in view of the COVID-19 outbreak, except for the exclusion of crisis observations from the estimation sample. We compare the MF-VAR forecasts to the median forecast from the Survey of Professional Forecasters (SPF). While the MF-VAR performed poorly during 2020:Q2, subsequent forecasts were at par with the SPF forecasts. We show that excluding a few months of extreme observations is a promising way of handling VAR estimation going forward, as an alternative of a sophisticated modeling of outliers.

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Book
The Real Channel for Nominal Bond-Stock Puzzles
Authors: --- --- ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau of Economic Research

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We present evidence that the mix of transitory and permanent shocks to consumption is changing over time. We identify three regimes: two highly persistent regimes where either permanent or transitory shocks are relatively more dominant, and a disaster regime that is largely transitory. We study implications of this finding for asset prices. The transition from the second to the first regime in the mid-1990s makes the correlation between equities and bonds switch sign from positive to negative as in the data. The real bond and equity yield curves are approximately flat. The nominal bond curve is upward sloping. These results are achieved without relying on the nominal channel too much. That is, as in the data, the variation of inflation in the model is under 40% as a fraction of variation in nominal yields.

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