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The Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol (LISP) is an encapsulation protocol currently in development. It is based on the potential need to reorganize the routing architecture of the Internet in order to meet the still increasing size of this worldwide network. The key principle of this protocol is to split the current IP address space into an identifier address space and a locator one. In this paradigm, the identifier address serves the purpose of identifying a connection endpoint and is only routable in a stub network, a LISP site. The locator address, in turn, is used to locate this site in the core network. This address is thus globally routable. For nodes from different LISP sites to communicate between each other, a data tunnel has to be put in place between both sites.

Because of this separation principle, LISP needs a mechanism allowing it to translate an address from the identifier space to the locator space: the mapping system. Thanks to this, a LISP site is able to query a mapping, binding both address spaces, by the use of LISP control messages. LISP-DDT is a notable example of mapping system which draws inspiration, regarding its architecture, from the Domain Name System.

Both LISP and LISP-DDT current implementations may be prone to potential security vulnerabilities. In this regard, this work aims at getting a clear understanding of the security aspects of the studied protocols. This approach is done in order to find potential vulnerabilities in these protocols -- while not claiming to be exhaustive -- and take advantage of them in order to develop an attack. That way, a denial-of-service attack by amplification has been found out. This attack exploits the mapping lookup process between a LISP site and the mapping system. In particular, it relies on the fact that the mapping system is able to generate responses that are significantly larger than the queries causing them. This principle can hence be used to produce a lot of network traffic towards a predetermined victim node in order to consume its bandwidth.

As a proof-of-concept for the attack, a GNS3 emulated network topology has been set up and configured. This network therefore simulates an up and running LISP-DDT mapping system -- mimicking the one of the LISP Beta Network, a worldwide deployment of LISP on Internet -- in order to use it as an amplification vector for the attack. Results of the attack on this enclosed environment are analysed in this work. It proves the feasibility of the attack in the current implementations of LISP and LISP-DDT.

Finally, a brief discussion about possible mitigation techniques for the attack is provided. Among these mitigation techniques, one can cite the limitation of the reply size, the rate limitation or even anti-spoofing techniques. Either way, we hope to draw the LISP IETF Working Group's attention to the necessity of addressing this issue.

LISP --- LISP-DDT --- Mapping system --- DoS attack --- Amplification --- IP Spoofing --- GNS3 --- Security --- Networking --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Sciences informatiques

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Invisibility has fascinated people since time immemorial, but only a decade ago did invisibility become a serious subject of scientific investigation. This lively novel, authored by an expert in the field, takes the reader on a journey to fascinating places and - en passant - on an intellectual adventure involving some of the most fascinating subjects of optics. While enjoying the fun and action of a travel story, the reader will gain an accurate notion of the real science of invisibility, of the light and shade of the business of science, as well as glimpses into different cultures. From the first page, you will gradually become immersed in a different world, the world of the science of light. The book includes an appendix providing interested readers with deeper insights into the fundamental physics of space-time, gravity and light.

Physics. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Popular Science in Physics. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- Light --- Electromagnetic waves --- Light sources --- Spectrum analysis --- New optics --- Optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Electronic materials --- Materials --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Electronics --- Materials.

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The observational component of astronomy is an exciting and vital part of any astrophysics degree. With the advent of low-cost astronomical cameras and remote and robotic operation, more students than ever have the opportunity to observe and perform observatory research. This updated and fully corrected textbook provides a comprehensive overview of practical observing techniques for undergraduate astrophysics courses. The chapters introduce students to the basics of the field before delving into telescope types, the nature and operation of the astronomical camera, imaging techniques and reduction, photometry and spectrography, and solar and radio observations. The second edition covers the latest research on calibrating the telescope-camera-observatory system. It contains revised information on all available astronomy equipment, including filters, webcams, sensors, and telescope designs. Also included is an entirely new chapter on exoplanet transit measurements. The textbook’s practical approach will guide readers from basic first-year techniques to those required for a final-year project.

Astronomy --- Astronomy. --- Astrophysics. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- New optics --- Optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Astronomical physics --- Cosmic physics --- Physics

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This work provides a convincing motivation for and introduction to magnon-based computing. The challenges faced by the conventional semiconductor-transistor-based computing industry are contrasted with the many exciting avenues for developing spin waves (or magnons) as a complementary technology wherein information can be encoded, transmitted, and operated upon: essential ingredients for any computing paradigm. From this general foundation, one particular operation is examined: phase conjugation via four-wave-mixing (FWM). The author constructs an original theory describing the generation of a phase conjugate mirror with the remarkable property that any incident spin wave will be reflected back along the same direction of travel. After establishing a theoretical framework, the careful design of the experiment is presented, followed by the demonstration of a magnetic phase conjugate mirror using four-wave mixing for the first time. The thesis concludes with an investigation into the unexpected fractal behaviour observed arising from the phase conjugate mirror – a result that is testament to the richness and vibrancy of these highly nonlinear spin wave systems. .

Quantum computers. --- Spintronics. --- Statistical physics. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Quantum Information Technology, Spintronics. --- Applications of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos Theory. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- New optics --- Optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Physics --- Mathematical statistics --- Fluxtronics --- Magnetoelectronics --- Spin electronics --- Spinelectronics --- Microelectronics --- Nanotechnology --- Computers --- Statistical methods

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This thesis demonstrates the potential of two platforms to explore experimentally the emerging field of quantum thermodynamics that has remained mostly theoretical so far. It proposes methods to define and measure work in the quantum regime. The most important part of the thesis focuses on hybrid optomechanical devices, evidencing that they are proper candidates to measure directly the fluctuations of work and the corresponding fluctuation theorem. Such devices could also give rise to the observation of mechanical lasing and cooling, based on mechanisms similar to a heat engine. The final part of the thesis studies how quantum coherence can improve work extraction in superconducting circuits. All the proposals greatly clarify the concept of work since they are based on measurable quantities in state of the art devices.

Quantum physics. --- Thermodynamics. --- Lasers. --- Photonics. --- Quantum Physics. --- Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices. --- New optics --- Optics --- Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation --- Masers, Optical --- Optical masers --- Light amplifiers --- Light sources --- Optoelectronic devices --- Nonlinear optics --- Optical parametric oscillators --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Dynamics --- Mechanics --- Physics --- Heat --- Heat-engines --- Quantum theory --- Quantum dynamics --- Quantum mechanics --- Quantum physics --- Thermodynamics --- Quantum theory. --- Optomechanics. --- Optical engineering